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Mineralogy and whole-rock geochemistry of the Oligocene Barail Group of rocks of Belt of Schuppen, Northeast India: Implications for tectono-provenance and paleo-weathering

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第05期43卷 904-932页

作者： Manash Pratim Gogoi Yunpeng Dong Pradip Borgohain Devojit Bezbaruah Arvind Pandey Yadav Krishna Gogoi Garima Konwar Gautam Raj Bawri Bubul Bharali Department of petroleum Technology Dibrugarh University Department of geology Northwest University Department of petroleum Technology.Dibrugarh University Department of Applied geology Dibrugarh University Department of Statistics Central University of Rajasthan Department of geology Mizoram University Department of geology Pachhunga University College

The petrographic and geochemical attributes of the Oligocene Barail Group of rocks are used to decipher the likely source area(s) or tectonic domains, as this sequence of rocks was deposited in a foreland basin governed by orogenic domain, namely the North-east Arunachal *** river system that gave rise to the Brahmaputra River(Yarlung-Tsangpo), which flowed through several tectonic domains of the Himalayan ranges, primarily from BomiChayu, Gangadese Granitoid, Higher Himalayan Leucogranites, and Namche Barwa into the proto Bengal Basin now a part of Assam Arakan Basin and Naga Schuppen Belt, was the main source of the sandstone formation of the Barail Group. The purpose of sandstone petrography, which combines modal analysis with XRF (Major Oxides) and HR-ICPMS (Trace&Rare Earth Elements) research, is to identify the type of source rock(s), their weathering pattern, and its paleo-environmental circumstances. These sandstones were formed from recycled orogen and include lithic and sublithic arenite variants with advanced texture and chemical maturity. The sediments were felsic (Th/Co:1.38, Cr/Th:9.78,La/Lu:11.58, Th/Sc:0.99, Eu/Eu*:0.66, La/Sc:3.05, La/Co:4.18), with contributions from intermediate source rocks and low-rank metamorphics deposited in an active continental margin to a continental island arc setting. Climatic conditions impacted the sediments of Barails, characterised by being warm and semi-humid to humid which resulted in moderate to a high degree of chemical weathering, as shown by weathering indices like CIA (79.14), PIA (85.47), CIW(86.9), WIP (32.50), ICV (0.71), and Th/U (6.03), which were further additionally supported by C-Value (1.01), PF(1.20), Sr/Cu (2.04), and Rb/Sr (0.97).

关键词： Barail Group Belt of Schuppen Geochemistry Petrography Provenance Sandstone Tectonic setting

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A tectono-thermal perspective on the petroleum generation,accumulation and preservation in the southern Ordos Basin, North China

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petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1459-1473页

作者： Peng Yang Zhan-Li Ren Jin-Hua Fu Hong-Ping Bao Hui Xiao Zheng Shi Kun Wang Yuan-Yuan Zhang Wen-Hui Liu Wen-Hou Li State Key laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi'an710069ShanxiChina National Engineering laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil and Gas Fields Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield CompanyXi'an710018ShaanxiChina Shaanxi Key Lab of petroleum Accumulation geology School of Earth Science and EngineeringXi'an Shiyou UniversityXian710065ShaanxiChina Wuxi research Institute of petroleum geology Petroleum Exploration and Production Research InstituteSINOPECWuxi214126JiangsuChina

The southern Ordos Basin has excellent petroleum exploration ***,the tectono-thermal history and the controls on petroleum generation,accumulation and preservation conditions in southern basin are *** this study,we analyzed the present geothermal field,paleo-geothermal gradient,maturity of the hydrocarbon source rocks,uplift and cooling process and tectono-thermal evolution *** the study area,for the Ordovician,Permain and the Triassic strata,the present temperature is low(3070℃)in the southeastern area but high(80140℃)in the northwestern *** paleogeothermal gradient varied from 24℃/km to 30℃/km with a heat flow of 58—69 m W/m^(2)(i.e.,a medium-temperature basin).The paleo-temperatures are higher than the present temperatures and the maximum paleo-temperatures controlled the thermal maturity of the source *** vitrinite reflectance(Ro)values of the Triassic strata are>0.7%and the thermal maturity reached the middlemature oil generation *** Rovalues of the Permian-Ordovician strata are>1.8%and the thermal maturity reached the over-mature gas generation *** southern Ordos Basin has experienced the multiple tectonic events at the Late Ordovician Caledonian(452 Ma),Late Triassic(215 Ma),Late Jurassic(165160 Ma),End-Early Cretaceous(110100 Ma)and Cenozoic(since 40 Ma).A large-scale tectonothermal event occurred at the End-Early Cretaceous(110100 Ma),which was controlled by lithospheric extension,destruction and *** event led to the highest paleo-temperatures and thermal maturities and coeval with the peak period of petroleum generation and *** southern Ordos Basin has undergone rapid and large-scale uplift since the Late Cretaceous due to expansion of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,uplift of the Qinling orogenic belt and thrust faulting in the Liupanshan tectonic *** southern Ordos Basin experienced tectonic overprinting that was strong in the south and weak in the *** str

关键词： Fission-track dating Vitrinitereflectance Geothermal field Tectono-thermal evolution petroleum geology Ordos Basin

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Dynamic evaluation on sealing capacity of caprocks of the Meso-Neoproterozoic reservoirs in Ordos Basin,China

Energy Geoscience

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 99-107页

作者： Yusong Yuan Yunqin Hao Rongqiang Zhang Key laboratory of geology and Resources in Deep Stratum Petroleum Exploration and Production Research InstituteSINOPECBeijing 102206China

The Meso-Neoproterozoic is a new play in the Ordos Basin.A deeper understanding about the dynamic relationship between the caprocks and the source rocks is *** on the comprehensive analysis of hydrocarbon source development characteristics of the Meso-Neoproterozoic and its overlying strata,as well as the formation contact relationships,lithology characteristics and exploratory drilling data,it is recognized that the Meso-Neoproterozoic contains two types of petroleum accumulation assemblage,that is,the“self-sourced indigenous”and“upper source rock-lower reservoir”*** former is mainly controlled by the development and distribution of source rocks of the Changcheng System,with the Lower Cambrian shale sequence as its *** later is controlled by the superposition between the Meso-Neoproterozoic and its overlying source rocks and this assemblage is mainly distributed in Hangjinqi and Pingliang areas with the Carboniferous-Permian shale sequence as its *** dynamic evaluation on the displacement pressure serves to reconstruct the displacement pressure history of the *** results show that the shale sequence of the Cambrian Maozhuang Formation in well XY 1 in the southern Ordos Basin has possibly acquired the ability of sealing natural gas since the early of Late *** displacement pressure increased rapidly up to 20 MPa during the Late Triassic-Jurassic and keeps at 9.2 MPa at present,indicating fair sealing *** Carboniferous-Permian caprocks in Hangjinqi area could have acquired the ability to seal natural gas in the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous,and the present-day displacement pressure is 9e12 MPa,indicating good sealing *** upper Paleozoic caprock in Pingliang area has been able to seal natural gas since the Early Jurassic,with a maximum displacement pressure of 23 MPa during the Cretaceous period and a current value of 17 e20 MPa,indicative of strong ability to seal natural *** sealing ability of

关键词： Ordos Basin Meso-Neoproterozoic Caprock sealing ability Displacement pressure

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Insights into in-situ imbibition behavior of fracturing fluid in propped shale fractures based on nuclear magnetic resonance:A case study from Longmaxi Formation shale,Sichuan Basin,China

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petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 410-429页

作者： Jing-Jing Guo Kai-Xiang Di Lie-Hui Zhang Yu-Long Zhao Hui-Ying Tang Rui-Han Zhang Ye Tian National Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500SichuanChina

Shale gas is an important component of unconventional oil and gas *** the imbibition behavior is helpful to optimize flowback parameters and enhance gas *** imbibition studies have focused on shale matrix,and the pressure conditions discussed were mostly *** initial imbibition behavior begins from propped fractures to matrix,but there are few studies working on explaining the imbibition behavior in propped fractures or the phenomenon of many shale wells exhibit higher productivity after a“soaking”***,propped fracture samples were designed for imbibition and migration *** order to accurately study the mechanism and main influencing factors of fracturing fluid imbibition and migration in propped and unpropped shale fractures under high temperature and high pressure,a series of experiments based on nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)were carried *** showed that NMR T_(2) spectra of all samples exhibited a bimodal *** final imbibition volume of fracturing fluid was positively related to pressure and fracture *** imbibition effect of fracturing fluid was more evident in matrix pores under high *** the migration during soaking stage,the fracturing fluid gradually migrated from large pores to small pores and gradually displaced the shale gas from the matrix,thus allowing the water blocking in propped fractures to self-unlock to some *** permeability decreased in the imbibition stage,while it recovered in the migration stage to some extent.

关键词： Forced imbibition Migration Soaking NMR T_(2)spectra Propped fracture Permeability recovery

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Mottled dolomite in the lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation in the Northern Sichuan Basin, South China

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petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 19-29页

作者： Xuefei Yang Hao Tang Junyi Zhang Yao Du Ruifeng Tang Shuang Pan Xiang Zhou Yan Xu State Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Sichuan Provincial Key laboratory of Gas geology Southwest Petroleum University CCDC Chuandong Drilling Company Exploration Department Petrochina Southwest Oil& Gasfield Company

At the end of Early Cambrian time, the Sichuan basin（South China） was located in a wide carbonate platform, with hundreds of meters of carbonate deposited. The Longwangmiao Formation carbonate in Sichuan basin is partially to completely dolomitized, displaying a mottled texture in the northern area of the exposure. The mottled dolomitic limestone developed parallel to bedding, with shape irregular boundaries with limestone that has not been dolomitized. The mottled dolomite is composed of powder crystalline and finely crystalline dolomite, while the matrix limestone is composed of micritic calcite. the isotopic composition of mottled dolomite(δ13C = +0.29‰PDB, δ18O =-1.15‰PDB) is similar to that of micrite calcite(δ13C =-0.49‰PDB, δ18O =-1.45‰PDB). Both isotopic values and trace element data indicate that the dolomitized fluid is originated from sea water. Some beds contain gypsum pseudomorphs and mud cracks, indicating a shallow and evaporative environment with local high salinity during deposition. Dolomitization likely took place early, in part as a result of sea water salinity concentration. Trace fossils thalassinoides horizontalis, thalassinoides callianassa and planolites developed in the Longwangmiao Formation, and the sharp edges of mottled dolomite are similar to these trace fossils. The beds are intensely bioturbated. In the burrow network, the sediments and burrow fill were coarse and loose with little clay, and it is interpreted here as being easier to be dolomitized than the surrounding *** dolomitization is thus interpreted to have occurred in the burrow system, and the degree of dolomitization was related to the degree of bioturbation, which is controlled by the trace-making creatures.

关键词： Mottled dolomite Dolomitization Longwangmiao Formation Early Cambrian Northern Sichuan basin

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Analysis of sensitivity to hydrate blockage risk in natural gas gathering pipeline

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petroleum Science 2024年第4期21卷 2723-2733页

作者： Ao-Yang Zhang Meng Cai Na Wei Hai-Tao Li Chao Zhang Jun Pei Xin-Wei Wang State Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University research Institute of Production Engineering Daqing Oilfield Co.Ltd.

During the operational process of natural gas gathering and transmission pipelines, the formation of hydrates is highly probable, leading to uncontrolled movement and aggregation of hydrates. The continuous migration and accumulation of hydrates further contribute to the obstruction of natural gas pipelines, resulting in production reduction, shutdowns, and pressure build-ups. Consequently, a cascade of risks is prone to occur. To address this issue, this study focuses on the operational process of natural gas gathering and transmission pipelines, where a comprehensive framework is established. This framework includes theoretical models for pipeline temperature distribution, pipeline pressure distribution, multiphase flow within the pipeline, hydrate blockage, and numerical solution methods. By analyzing the influence of inlet temperature, inlet pressure, and terminal pressure on hydrate formation within the pipeline, the sensitivity patterns of hydrate blockage risks are derived. The research indicates that reducing inlet pressure and terminal pressure could lead to a decreased maximum hydrate formation rate, potentially mitigating pipeline blockage during natural gas transportation. Furthermore, an increase in inlet temperature and terminal pressure, and a decrease in inlet pressure, results in a displacement of the most probable location for hydrate blockage towards the terminal station. However,it is crucial to note that operating under low-pressure conditions significantly elevates energy consumption within the gathering system, contradicting the operational goal of energy efficiency and reduction of energy consumption. Consequently, for high-pressure gathering pipelines, measures such as raising the inlet temperature or employing inhibitors, electrical heat tracing, and thermal insulation should be adopted to prevent hydrate formation during natural gas transportation. Moreover, considering abnormal conditions such as gas well production and pipeline network s

关键词： Natural gas hydrates Gathering pipeline Temperature variation Hydrate formation rate Sensitivity analysis

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Application status and research progress of CO2 fracturing fluid in petroleum engineering: A brief review

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petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 1-10页

作者： Jinzhou Zhao Tong Wu Wanfen Pu Du Daijun Qingyuan Chen Bowen Chen Jintao Li Yitao Huang State Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Shale Gas research Institute of PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company

This paper comprehensively reviews the application and research progress of CO2fracturing fluids in China, highlights the existing issues and puts forward suggestions for future development. Three types of fracturing fluid systems containing CO2, namely, CO2dry fracturing fluid, CO2energized fracturing fluid,and CO2foam fracturing fluid, are categorized based on the mass ratio and process difference between CO2, water, and treatment agents. Field applications in China reveal several problem to be resolved:（1）The application scope of CO2fracturing fluids is restricted to depleted reservoirs, re-fracturing of old wells, and medium-deep reservoirs with low formation pressure coefficients;（2） different types of CO2fracturing fluids require different processes and ground supporting equipment;（3） optimization of CO2compatibility, functionality, temperature and salt tolerance, as well as the cost of treatment agents is necessitated;（4） existing CO2fracturing fluid system fail to perform well with low friction, low filtration,and high sand-carrying capacity.（5） there lacks a targeted industry standard for evaluation of performance of CO2fracturing fluid system and treatment agents. Therefore, in order to meet the goals of CCUS-EOR, CCUS-EGR, or integration of fracturing, displacement and burial by CO2, efforts should be made in the aspects that followed, including in-depth investigation of the mechanism of CO2fracturing fluids, the adaptability and compatibility between existing equipment, different CO2fracturing fluid systems and processes, and construction of treatment agents, low-density proppants and highperformance systems of recyclability and industrial-grade. In addition, optimization of CO2fracturing fluid system based fracturing design is also crucial taking such related factors such as overall reservoir geological conditions, petrophysical properties, CO2transportation, and well site layout into consideration.

关键词： Reservoir reconstruction CO 2 fracturing fluid Fracturing fluid system Fracturing displacement burial integration

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Gas source of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the Zhongjiang large gas field of Western Sichuan Depression:Constraints from geochemical characteristics of light hydrocarbons

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 141-151页

作者： Xiaoqi Wu Jun Yang Ping Wang Huaji Li Yingbin Chen Chunhua Ni Huasheng Zeng Wuxi research Institute of petroleum geology Petroleum Exploration and Production Research InstituteSINOPECWuxi214126China Key laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation SINOPECWuxi214126China No.3 Gas Production Plant Southwest Petroleum BranchSINOPECDeyang618000China

The Zhongjiang gas field is a typical large gas field in terrigenous strata of the Western Sichuan *** remains debatable which member of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation served as the source rocks and how significant the member contributed to the gas accumulations in the Zhongjiang gas *** this study,we analyzed the essential characteristics of the Lower Jurassic source rocks and the geochemical features of light hydrocarbons in natural gas from the 2nd(T_(3)χ^(2))and 4th members(T_(3)χ^(4))of the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation(T_(3)χ),as well as the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao(J_(2)s)and Qianfoya(J_(2)q)*** on this,we explored the sources of the natural gas in the Zhongjiang gas field and determined the natural gas migration patterns and their effects on the properties of light hydrocarbons in the natural *** results indicate that the Lower Jurassic lacustrine source rocks of the Zhongjiang gas field contain humic organic matter,with vitrinite reflectance(R_(0))values ranging from 0.86%to 0.98%.Samples meeting the criterion for effective source rocks[total organic carbon(TOC)content≥0.75%]exhibited an average TOC content of merely 1.02%,suggesting significantly lower hydrocarbon generation potential than source rocks in the underlying T3x,which show higher thermal maturity and TOC *** natural gas samples from T_(3)χ^(2),T_(3)χ^(4),J_(2)s,and J_(2)q reservoirs,their C_(5-7)iso-alkane content was significantly higher than their n-alkane content,and their methylcyclohexane(MCH)index ranged from 59.0%to 77.3%,indicating the predominance of methylcyclohexane in C_(7)light *** indicated by the origin identification and gas-source correlation based on the geochemical features of light hydrocarbons,the natural gas in the Zhongjiang gas field is typical coal-derived *** gas from the primary pay zone of the Shaximiao Formation,with significantly high K_(1),(P_(2)+N_(2))/C_(7),and P_(3)/C_(7)values,predominantly ori

关键词： Zhongjiang gas field Source rock Origin of natural gas Light hydrocarbon geochemistry Natural gas migration

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Effects of acid-rock reaction on physical properties during CO_(2)-rich industrial waste gas(CO_(2)-rich IWG)injection in shale reservoirs

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petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 272-285页

作者： Yi-Fan Wang Jing Wang Hui-Qing Liu Xiao-Cong Lv Ze-Min Ji National Key laboratory of petroleum Resources and Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China MOE Key laboratory of petroleum Engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing100083China

"Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"is an essential national strategy,and the geological storage and utilization of CO_(2)is a hot issue ***,due to the scarcity of pure CO_(2)gas sources in China and the high cost of CO_(2)capture,CO_(2)-rich industrial waste gas(CO_(2)-rich IWG)is gradually emerging into the public's ***_(2)has good adsorption properties on shale surfaces,but acidic gases can react with shale,so the mechanism of the CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale reaction and the change in reservoir properties will determine the stability of geological ***,based on the mineral composition of the Longmaxi Formation shale,this study constructs a thermodynamic equilibrium model of water-rock reactions and simulates the regularity of reactions between CO_(2)-rich IWG and shale *** results indicate that CO_(2)consumed 12%after reaction,and impurity gases in the CO_(2)-rich IWG can be dissolved entirely,thus demonstrating the feasibility of treating IWG through water-rock *** IWG inhibits the dissolution of CO_(2),the optimal composition of CO_(2)-rich IWG is 95%CO_(2)and 5%IWG when CO_(2)geological storage is the main *** contrast,when the main goal is the geological storage of total CO_(2)-rich IWG or impurity gas,the optimal CO_(2)-rich IWG composition is 50%CO_(2)and 50%*** the CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale reaction,temperature has less influence on the water-rock reaction,while pressure is the most important ***2 has the greatest impact on water-rock reaction in *** minerals,clay minerals such as illite and montmorillonite had a significant effect on water-rock *** overall reaction is dominated by precipitation and the volume of the rock skeleton has increased by 0.74 cm3,resulting in a decrease in shale porosity,which enhances the stability of CO_(2)geological storage to some *** the reaction between CO_(2)-rich IWG-water-shale at simulated temperatures and pressures,precipitation

关键词： CO_(2)-rich industrial waste gas Geological storage Acid-rock reaction Shale Geochemical modelling

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Vibration Control of A Flexible Marine Riser System Subject to Input Dead Zone and Extraneous Disturbances

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第2期38卷 271-284页

作者： ZHOU Li WANG Guo-rong WAN Min School of Mechatronic Engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Energy Equipment Institute Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China National Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China

An observer-based adaptive backstepping boundary control is proposed for vibration control of flexible offshore riser systems with unknown nonlinear input dead zone and uncertain environmental *** control algorithm can update the control law online through real-time data to make the controller adapt to the environment and improve the control ***,based on the adaptive backstepping framework,virtual control laws and Lyapunov functions are designed for each *** direction interference observers are designed to track the timevarying boundary *** this basis,the inverse of the dead zone and linear state transformation are used to compensate for the original system and eliminate the adverse effects of the dead *** addition,the stability of the closed-loop system is proven by Lyapunov stability *** the system states are bounded,and the vibration offset of the riser converges to a small area of the initial ***,four examples of flexible marine risers are simulated in MATLAB to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

关键词： adaptive backstepping control disturbance observer flexible marine riser input dead zone vibration control

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