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Three-dimensional numerical solution and stress cage analysis of high conductive fractures pressure sealing

petroleum 2022年第1期8卷 128-137页

作者： Haibo Liang Guobing Ding Xinpu Shen school of Mechanical and Electrical engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China school of petroleum engineering China University of PetroleumQingdao266580China

Aiming at the main problems in the design and analysis of well wall strengthening for fractured formations,a three-dimensional(3D)numerical simulation scheme is proposed.The three-dimensional finite element software is used to analyze the mechanical behavior of fractures and the pressure sealing process,and evaluate the stress cage effect.The main features of the model are as follows:(1)The equivalent fractures in the analytical model represent the function sum of the mechanical behavior of all fractures on the well wall,which is a functionally equivalent crack.(2)When evaluating the stress cage effect,the shape of the crack wedge filled with the plugging agent particles is formed by simulating the fractures opening process under the injection pressure,not a given regular shape.(3)In the model of calculating bull heading of block agent,the liquid pressure on the well wall is the injection pressure,which is a variation increased with time.The fluid pressure on the well wall in the stress cage calculation model is generated by the initial pore pressure.(4)The numerical evaluation of the stress cage effect is achieved by calculating the increase amplitude FX of the minimum hoop stress on the well wall.Using this model,several sets of injection pressure design values can be used for pressure plugging numerical simulation and stress cage effect evaluation calculation,and then the optimal and accurate quantitative value of“injection pressure,block agent particle size,safe mud window upper bound”are found through comparison.Finally,through an engineering example of horizontal well drilling pressure sealing in a shale gas reservoir developed by a fracture,we use the above theoretical tools to introduce the process and results of the numerical analysis of the extended mud window drilled in the shale gas fissure reservoir.

关键词： Well wall strengthening Pressure sealing Stress cage Extended mud window Numerical simulation Natural crack Quasi-brittle Damage mechanics

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Application of ARIMA-RTS optimal smoothing algorithm in gas well production prediction

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petroleum 2022年第2期8卷 270-277页

作者： Yonggang Duan Huan Wang Mingqiang Wei Linjiang Tan Tao Yue school of petroleum and Natural Gas engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China school of Mechanical and Electrical engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China

Gas field production forecast is an important basis for decision-making in the gas industry.How to accurately predict the dynamic production during gas field development is an important content of reservoir engineering research.Reservoir numerical simulation is the most common method for predicting oil and gas production.However,it requires a lot of data to build an accurate geological model which is tedious and time-consuming.At present,many scholars have used machine learning and data mining methods to predict oil and gas production,but they have not considered whether the use of increasing production measures will affect the predicted results.Thus,ARIMA-RTS optimal smooth algorithm is the first applied to establish the prediction model of gas well production.According to the historical production data,the model is processed,the production differential autoregressive integral moving average(ARIMA)model in time series is established,then ARIMA model is combined with RTS(Rauch Tung Striebel)smoothing,and the production prediction model is constructed.RTS smoothing algorithm is an enhanced version of Kalman filter.The measurements are firstly processed by the forward filter,and then,a separate backward smoothing pass is used for obtaining the smoothing solution.The correctness of ARIMA-RTS model was verified with the actual production data.The results show that the prediction based on ARIMA-RTS model can accurately reflect the production performance of gas well.This method can effectively reduce the error caused by stimulation when predicting.When using the ARIMA-RTS model and the ARIMA-Kalman model to predict the production of the same gas well,the prediction accuracy of ARIMA-RTS model is higher than that of ARIMA-Kalman model in production wells with stimulation.Compared with that of the ARIMA-Kalman model,the mean relative error fitted by the ARIMA-RTS model is reduced by 46.3%,and the relative mean square error is reduced by 56.48%.ARIMA-RTS optimal smooth algorithm improves the prediction accuracy of gas wel

关键词： Production forecasting ARIMA RTS Kalman filter

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Dynamic Analysis of A Deep-Water Compliant Vertical Access Riser with A Variable Length During Installation

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中国海洋工程:英文版 2023年第4期37卷 568-579页

作者： LIANG Wei-xing LOU Min WANG Yu ZHANG Rui school of petroleum engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China

Compliant vertical access risers(CVAR)have broad application prospects in deep-water oil and gas transportation.However,the mechanical behaviors of the CVAR with a variable length during installation remains unclear.To address this issue,based on the flexible segment method,a model of CVAR with a variable length during installation is established in this study,which is verified by the comparison with commercial software.Then,the mechanical behaviors of CVAR during installation are investigated.The results reveal that the CVAR configuration is significantly affected by the buoyancy blocks.The streamwise displacement of CVAR increases with the increase of current velocity.When the BOP weight is insuffcient,obvious upbending is observed in the lower region and transition region,leading to local compression.When the platform moves in the opposite direction to the current,the maximum stress is larger than that of the scenario when the platform moves in the same direction as the current.

关键词： compliant vertical access riser installation analysis dynamic performance variable length

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Review of application of artificial intelligence techniques in petroleum operations

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petroleum Research 2023年第2期8卷 167-182页

作者： Saeed Bahaloo Masoud Mehrizadeh Adel Najafi-Marghmaleki Department of petroleum engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehranIran Department of petroleum engineering School of Science and EngineeringKhazar UniversityBakuAzerbaijan Department of petroleum engineering Ahwaz Faculty of PetroleumPetroleum University of TechnologyAhwazIran

In the last few years,the use of artificial intelligence(AI)and machine learning(ML)techniques have received considerable notice as trending technologies in the petroleum industry.The utilization of new tools and modern technologies creates huge volumes of structured and un-structured data.Organizing and processing of these information at faster pace for the performance assessment and forecasting for field development and management is continuously growing as an important field of investigation.Various difficulties which were faced in predicting the operative features by utilizing the conventional methods have directed the academia and industry toward investigations focusing on the applications of ML and data driven approaches in exploration and production operations to achieve more accurate predictions which improves decision-making processes.This research provides a review to examine the use cases and application of AI and ML techniques in petroleum industry for optimization of the upstream processes such as reservoir studies,drilling and production engineering.The challenges related to routine approaches for prognosis of operative parameters have been evaluated and the use cases of performance optimizations through employing data-driven approaches resulted in enhancement of decision-making workflows have been presented.Moreover,possible scenarios of the way that artificial intelligence will develop and influence the oil and gas industry and how it may change it in the future was discussed.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Upstream operation Oil and gas industry petroleum systems Decision-making

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Research on low carbon emission optimization operation technology of natural gas pipeline under multi-energy structure

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petroleum Science 2022年第6期19卷 3046-3058页

作者： En-Bin Liu Yong Peng Shan-Bi Peng Bin Yu Qi-Kun Chen Petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China school of Civil engineering and Geomatics Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China China petroleum Pipeline engineering Corporation Hebei065000China school of engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiffCF243AAUK

In order to reduce the carbon emissions of natural gas pipelines,based on the background of different energy structures,this paper proposes a general low carbon and low consumption operation model of natural gas pipelines,which is used to fine calculate the carbon emissions and energy consumption of natural gas pipeline.In this paper,an improved particle swarm optimization(NHPSO-JTVAC)algorithm is used to solve the model and the optimal scheduling scheme is given.Taking a parallel pipeline located in western China as an example,the case is analyzed.The results show that after optimization,under the existing energy types,the pipeline system can reduce 31.14%of carbon emissions,and after introducing part of new energy,the pipeline system can reduce 34.02%of carbon emissions,but the energy consumption has increased.

关键词： Natural gas Pipeline optimization NHPSO-JTVAC algorithm Carbon emission New energy

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A mechanistic model of heat transfer for gas–liquid flow in vertical wellbore annuli

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petroleum Science 2018年第1期15卷 135-145页

作者： Bang-Tang Yin Xiang-Fang Li Gang Liu school of petroleum engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) College of petroleum engineering China University of PetroleumBeijing

The most prominent aspect of multiphase flow is the variation in the physical distribution of the phases in the flow conduit known as the flow pattern. Several different flow patterns can exist under different flow conditions which have significant effects on liquid holdup, pressure gradient and heat transfer. Gas-liquid two-phase flow in an annulus can be found in a variety of practical situations. In high rate oil and gas production, it may be beneficial to flow fluids vertically through the annulus configuration between well tubing and casing. The flow patterns in annuli are different from pipe flow. There are both casing and tubing liquid films in slug flow and annular flow in the annulus. Multiphase heat transfer depends on the hydrodynamic behavior of the flow. There are very limited research results that can be found in the open literature for multiphase heat transfer in wellbore annuli. A mechanistic model of multiphase heat transfer is developed for different flow patterns of upward gas-liquid flow in vertical annuli. The required local flow parameters are predicted by use of the hydraulic model of steady-state multiphase flow in wellbore annuli recently developed by Yin et al. The modified heat-transfer model for single gas or liquid flow is verified by comparison with Manabe＇s experimental results. For different flow patterns, it is compared with modified unified Zhang et al. model based on representative diameters.

关键词： Gas-liquid flow Vertical annuli Heattransfer Tubing liquid film Casing liquid film

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An Improved Model to Characterize Drill-String Vibrations in Rotary Drilling Applications

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第5期18卷 1263-1273页

作者： Yong Wang Hongjian Ni Ruihe Wang Shubin Liu school of petroleum engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580China

A specific model is elaborated for stick-slip and bit-bounce vibrations,which are dangerous dynamic phenomena typically encountered in the context of rotary drilling applications.Such a model takes into account two coupled degrees of freedom of drill-string vibrations.Moreover,it assumes a state-dependent time delay and a viscous damping for both the axial and torsional vibrations and relies on a sawtooth function to account for the cutting force fluctuation.In the frame of this theoretical approach,the influence of rock brittleness on the stability of the drill string is calculated via direct integration of the model equations.The results show that the rock brittleness has a great influence on the rotational speed and bit depth.

关键词： Stick-slip vibration bit bouncing torsion pendulum rock brittleness cutting force

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Experimental study of the critical sand starting velocity of gas-watersand flow in an inclined pipe

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petroleum Science 2022年第6期19卷 2981-2994页

作者： Rui-Yao Zhang Jun Li Hong-Wei Yang Geng Zhang Xi-Ning Hao Peng-Lin Liu school of petroleum engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102200China school of petroleum engineering China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Karamay834000XinjiangChina CNOOC Research Institute Co.Ltd. Beijing100028China

The purpose of this paper is to study the critical sand starting velocity and transformation law of flow pattern based on gas-water-sand three-phase flow in an inclined pipe.Firstly,the indoor simulation experiment system of gas-water-sand three-phase flow was used to test the conversion law of flow pattern based upon the different gas void fraction.Secondly,the influence of slug bubbles on sand migration was investigated according to distinctive hole deviation angles,gas void fraction and sand concentration.Finally,the critical sand starting velocity was tested based on dissimilar hole deviation angles,gas void fraction,sand concentration and sand particle size,and then the influence of the abovementioned key parameters on the sand starting velocity was debated based on the force analysis of the sand particles.The experimental results illustrated that when the gas void fraction was less than 5%,it was bubbly flow.When it increased from 5%to 30%,the bubbly flow and slug flow coexisted.When it was between 30%and 50%,the slug flow and agitated flow coexisted.When it reached 50%,it was agitated flow.Providing that the hole deviation angle was 90°,the phenomenon of overall migration and wavelike migration on the surface of sand bed was observed.On the contrary,the phenomenon of rolling and jumping migration was recognized.The critical sand starting velocity was positively correlated with the hole deviation angle and sand particle size,but negatively associated with the gas void fraction and sand concentration.This research can provide a certain reference for sand-starting production in the field of petroleum engineering.

关键词： Three-phase flow Critical sand starting velocity Flow pattern Sand migration Gas void fraction Hole deviation angles Sand concentration

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Self-healing elastomer modified proppants for proppant flowback control in hydraulic fracturing

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petroleum Science 2022年第1期19卷 245-253页

作者： Jian-Da Li Gui-Cai Zhang Ji-Jiang Ge Wen-Li Qiao Ping Jiang Hai-Hua Pei school of petroleum engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongPR China

To address proppant flowback issues during post-fracturing treatments and production,self-healing elastomer modified proppants(SMPs)are proposed.Owing to their inherent self-aggregation behavior,the SMPs can aggregate together spontaneously to prevent proppant flowback and increase the pack porosity.It is noteworthy that the SMPs have a firm and dry self-healing elastomer(SE)coating,making their storage,transport and use as conventional proppants possible.The SE synthesized through polymerization is rich in amidogens and carbonyl groups as characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the proton nuclear magnetic resonance.Thermal and thermomechanical properties of the SE coating are revealed by the thermogravimetric analysis,the differential scanning calorimetry and the rheological tests.The self-aggregation behavior of the SMPs is demonstrated by the adhesion force tests.The reversible hydrogen bonding interactions in SE coating contribute to the self-aggregation behavior of the SMPs,which is revealed by the thixotropy test and the FTIR analysis at different temperatures.With the self-aggregation behavior,the crushed proppants can aggregate in situ to form a stable structure again and therefore reduce the threat of narrowing down the fracture and proppant flowback,which has an important practical significance during oil and gas production.

关键词： Proppant flowback Self-healing elastomer Self-aggregation Adhesion force

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Improving TC drill bit's efficiency and resistance to wear by graphene coating

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petroleum Research 2022年第4期7卷 430-436页

作者： Reza Taheri Mohsen Jalali Ahmed Al-Yaseri George Yabesh petroleum engineering Department University of WyomingWYUSA petroleum engineering Department Tehran Azad UniversityTehranIran petroleum engineering Discipline Engineering SchoolEdith Cowan UniversityAustralia

Displaying a two-dimensional pure crystal carbon structure,Graphene is the strongest,yet thinnest substance discovered by scientists.Coating tungsten carbide(TC)drill bits with graphene to evaluate the effect of graphene on the wear,as well as the rate of penetration of the drilling bit was examined in this research.Two evaluation approaches were employed:one with employing ANSYS Software and the second by employing atomic pressure chemical vapor deposition(APCVD synthesis)in the laboratory to produce a monolayer graphene coating.The simultaneous software-based and lab-based testing were performed to increase the credibility of the results and minimize the potential errors.Conducting the simulation using ANSYS,the maximum shear elastic strain,equivalent elastic strain,equivalent(von mises)stress,total deformation and maximum shear stress were investigated prior and after the gra-phene coating was applied on TC simulated bit.Total deformation was only slightly increased,while the maximum shear elastic strain was almost doubled,reflecting that the bit's wear was significantly reduced after the coating.Lab-based APCVD synthesis results showed 34%increase in compressive strength of the coated bit,in comparison to the uncoated one.The failure occurred for uncoated bit at 35 MPa,where the coated bit experienced failure at 46.9 MPa.The Von Mises stress test conducted on the coated and uncoated samples also indicated that this stress was 41%less for the coated bit,in comparison to the uncoated one.Finally,two small-scale drilling operations,one using a 1inch graphene-coated TC bit and the other using a 1inch non-coated TC bit,were performed on a granite block,to evaluate the performance of the graphene-coated bit in practice.In a chosen 120-min time frame,27 consecutive holes could be drilled by the graphene-coated TC bit,while 19 consecutive holes could be drilled by the uncoated TC bit,in identical drilling conditions.This implies a 42%increase in ROP.

关键词： Drill bit's efficiency Graphene-coated ANSYS APCVD Wear reduction Penetration rate

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