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Hydrocarbon Accumulation Process in the Marine Strata in Jianghan Plain Area, Middle China

Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第3期88卷 878-893页

作者： XU Guosheng ZHANG Lijun GONG Deyu WANG Guozhi YUAN Haifeng LI Changhong HU Xiaofeng State key laboratory of Oil and Gas reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of Technology Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Exploration and Development Research Institute of Jianghan Oilfield Branch of Sinopec

Marine strata in the Jianghan Plain area are widely distributed with a total depth of more than 8,000 m from the Upper Sinian to the Middle Triassic. Six reservoir caprock units, named Z-C2, C2-O, S, D--C, P and T1, can be identified with each epoch. The geology, stratigraphy, drilling, oil testing and other basic data as well as the measured inclusion and strontium isotope data in the study area are used in the analysis of the formation and evolution process of marine petroliferous reservoirs in the Jianghan Plain area. This study aims to provide a scientific basis for the further exploration of hydrocarbons in the Jianghan Plain and reduce the risks by analyzing the key factors for hydrocarbon accumulation in the marine strata. Our findings show that in the Lower Palaeozoic hydrocarbon reservoir, oil/gas migration and accumulation chiefly occurred in the early period of the Early Yanshanian, and the hydrocarbon reservoir was destroyed in the middle-late period of the Early Yanshanian. In the Lower Triassic-Carboniferous hydrocarbon reservoir, oil/gas migration and accumulation chiefly occurred in the Early Yanshanian, and the hydrocarbon reservoir suffered destruction from the Late Yanshanian to the Early Himalayanian. The preservation conditions of the marine strata in the Jianghan Plain area have been improved since the Late Himalayanian. However, because all source beds have missed the oil/gas generation fastigium and lost the capacity to generate secondary hydrocarbon, no reaccumulation of hydrocarbons can be detected in the study area＇s marine strata. No industrially exploitable oil/gas reservoir has been discovered in the marine strata of Jianghan Plain area since exploration began in 1958. This study confirms that petroliferous reservoirs in the marine strata have been completely destroyed, and that poor preservation conditions are the primary factor leading to unsuccessful hydrocarbon exploration. It is safely concluded that hydrocarbon exploration in the

关键词： marine strata reservoir caprock unithydrocarbon accumulation process reservoirevolution Jianghan Plain area Middle China

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Erosion characteristics and simulation charts of sand fracturing casing perforation

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Petroleum Science 2023年第6期20卷 3638-3653页

作者： Shan-Zhi Shi Si-Song Zhang Ning Cheng Gang Tian De-Zhi Zeng Hui-Yong Yu Xi Wang Xin Zhang Research Institute of Engineering Technology PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield CompanyKaramay834000XinjiangChina State key laboratory of Oil&Gas reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500SichuanChina

Large-scale sand fracturing is a necessary means in the efficient exploitation of shale gas/***,in the process of fracturing operation,the sand carrying fluid and proppant easily causes scouring and wear to production strings,especially the casing perforation system,which damage the wellbore integrity and deformation to affect the subsequent *** this problem,taking the actual construction conditions and perforation technology of an oilfield in western China as an example,the structural parameters of the downhole string were measured and the wall thickness reduction model of casing perforation suitable for large-displacement sand fracturing in horizontal well section was *** software ANSYS-FLUENT,the casing perforation erosion under the conditions of different displacements,sand content and perforation sand-passing quantity in the process of sand fracturing was simulated and *** influences of three parameters on perforation erosion and expansion were analyzed and the prediction chart of the influences of three main control factors on perforation erosion and expansion was *** perforation erosion images after fracturing construction were obtained with the downhole eagle perforation logging *** logging chart results were compared with the downhole eagle perforation *** error between the established numerical simulation calculation charts and the real logging data was about 5%,indicating that the simulation charts were the valuable reference.

关键词： Sanding fracturing Erosion Numerical simulation Casing perforation Solid-liquid flow

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Drill string dynamic characteristics simulation for the ultra-deep well drilling on the south margins of Junggar Basin

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Petroleum 2023年第2期9卷 205-213页

作者： Yuan Li Jianggang Shi Minghu Nie Chi Peng Yingjie Wang Institute of Petrol Engineering Technology of petrochina Xinjiang Oilfield Branch KaramayChina State key laboratory of Oil and Gas reservoir Geology and Exploitation Engineering Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China

Improper drilling parameters may cause severe vibration of drill string which leads to reduce the rate of penetration and drilling tool premature failure accidents in the drilling process of ultra-deep *** study on dynamic characteristics of drill string plays an important role in increasing the safety of drilling tool and optimizing the drilling *** the influences of real borehole trajectory,interaction between bit and formation,contact between drill string and borehole wall,stiction of drilling fluid and other factors,a comprehensive drill string dynamic model was established to simulate the changes of wellhead hook load,torque,equivalent stress of drill string and BHA(bottomhole assembly)section acceleration and motion trajectory with time at different WOBs(weights on bit)and rotary *** safety factor and overpull margin of wellhead drill string were calculated and the strength of drilling tool in ultra-deep well was checked using the fourth strength *** analysis results show that,in the drilling process of ultra-deep well,the transverse motion amplitude of the drill string near the wellhead is relatively small and vibration of drill string mainly occurs in the lower well *** the rotary speed increases,the number of collision between lower drilling tool and borehole wall increases,wellhead transverse stress increases,change in torque is not large and change in wellhead equivalent stress is relatively *** the WOB increases,wellhead torque will increase,axial load and equivalent stress will decrease and vibration acceleration of BHA will increase *** overpull margin and safety factor will decrease with the increase of rotary speed and increase with the increase of *** safety factor of S135 drilling tool in an F190.5 mm ultra-deep well on the south margins of Junggar basin changes around *** drilling tool is safe and has relatively sufficient ability to deal with the downhole accidents if a l

关键词： Ultra-deep well Drilling tool failure Drill string dynamics Drill string strength check Drilling parameter optimization

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Sedimentary and reservoir architectures of MB1-2 sub-member of Middle Cretaceous Mishrif Formation of Halfaya Oilfield in Iraq

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第4期47卷 762-772页

作者： SUN Wenju QIAO Zhanfeng SHAO Guanming SUN Xiaowei GAO Jixian CAO Peng ZHANG Jie CHEN Wangang petrochina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China China United Coalbed Methane Corp. Ltd.Beijing 100011China petrochina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology Hangzhou 310023China CNPC key laboratory of carbonate reservoir Hangzhou 310023China

Based on comprehensive analysis of core,cast thin section,logging and seismic data,the sedimentary and reservoir architectures of the MB 1-2 sub-member of Mishrif Formation in Halfaya Oilfield,Iraq,are *** MB 1-2 sub-member of Mishrif Formation has three types of microfacies,lagoon,bioclastic shoal,and tidal channel,and facies architecture controlled by sequence *** the 4th-order sequence,the lagoon facies aggradated vertically,and the bioclastic shoals in lenticular shape embed in the background of lagoon,the end of the sequence is incised by the"meandering river"shape tide channel,which represents the depositional *** types of reservoirs including tidal channel grainstone to packstone reservoirs,bioclastic shoal grainstone to packstone reservoirs and dissolved lagoon wackestone reservoirs are *** reservoir architectures within tidal channel and bioclastic shoal are strickly controlled by grainy facies,whereas the dissolved lagoon reservoirs controlled by both facies and dissolution are related to the sequence *** reservoir sections occur mainly in the 4 th sequence highstand systems tract(HST)and are separated by barriers formed in the transgressive systems tract(TST).Complicated facies architecture and dissolution modification resulted in strong heterogeneity within the reservoir,which showed the characteristics of"attic type"*** results of this study can guide the development of similar reservoirs in the Middle East.

关键词： Iraq Halfaya Oilfield Cretaceous Mishrif Formation sedimentary microfacies reservoir architecture

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Application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to assess effect of conformance control treatments on water-injection wells

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 165-174页

作者： Hu Jia Pengwu Li Wei Lv Jianke Ren Chen Cheng Rui Zhang Zhengjun Zhou Yanbin Liang State key laboratory of Oil and Gas reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengduChina Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute PetroChina Changqing Oilfield CompanyXi'anChina Oil Production Technology Institute of petrochina Dagang Oilfield Company TianjinChina

As an effective method to prolong the life of mature field,conformance control in water-injection well has been used ***,effect evaluation of conformance control has attracted great attention because it is an important guideline for the design of later enhanced oil recovery(EOR)***,production responses such as excessive water reduction and oil production increment are widely used as the ***,production responses may be unreliable due to the difficulty in determining an effective injection well which is caused by a large number of treated water-injection wells in a well ***,with the application of fuzzy comprehension evaluation(FCE),five evaluation indexes(injection pressure,injectivity index,slope of hall curve,variation coefficient and homogenization coefficient of injection profile)describe injection responses were selected to establish a new evaluation method in this *** on fuzzy mathematics,FCE reflects the difference of evaluation ***,weights of evaluation indexes were obtained by analytic hierarchy process(AHP),which made the results more *** Bai 239 oilfield as an example,the five injection responses indexes were used to assess treatment effect on five water-injection wells by single index evaluation and *** results showed that among the five evaluation indexes mentioned above,the slope of hall curve was the most important factor affected evaluation *** single index evaluation,opposite results may be produced easily on account of the one-sidedness of single index or human ***,we found that effective treatment was a relative concept *** result of FCE was consistent with single index evaluation but FCE was more *** study suggests that FCE could be applied to another field such as water flooding,acidizing and hydraulic fracturing.

关键词： Enhanced oil recovery Injection responses Fuzzy mathematics Analytic hierarchy process Effect evaluation

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External Hydrogen Index: A New Factor for Hydrocarbon Resource Assessment and its Calculation Method

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第6期91卷 2336-2337页

作者： MENG Qingqiang SU Yingxian JIN Zhijun ZHU Dongya LIU Quanyou Xu Bo State key laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development Shandong Provincial key laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Mineral Shandong University of Science and Technology Sediment-Tectonic and reservoir laboratory PEPRIS Jidong Oilfield PetroChina

Objective Traditional oil and gas theory considers that hydrocarbon generation process is a hydrodeoxygenation reaction of organic matter （OM）. Thus, the supply condition of hydrogen controls the hydrocarbon generation ability of OM. Those factors of TOC and hydrogen index （IH） are playing important roles for calculating potential petroleum resources. The factor IH mainly emphasizes the hydrogen condition of the source rock itself. However, it has been proved by simulation experiments that external hydrogen such as hydrogen-bearing rock （olivine）, water and hydrogen gas can improve the hydrocarbon productivity of source rock, and the effect of external hydrogen on hydrocarbon productivity has been poorly concerned under current resource assessment method. Therefore, this work proposed a new resource assessment factor of IEH in an effort to address this problem.

关键词： Hydrocarbon Resource Assessment Resource Assessment

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Characteristics and accumulation mode of large-scale Sinian-Cambrian gas reservoirs in the Gaoshiti-Moxi region, Sichuan Basin

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Petroleum Research 2016年第2期1卷 164-177页

作者： Guoqi Wei Jinhu Du Chunchun Xu Caineng Zou Wei Yang Ping Shen Zengye Xie Jian Zhang Langfang Branch PetroChina Research Institute of Exploration and DevelopmentCNPC Key Laboratory of Gas Reservoir Formation and DevelopmentLangfang 065007China petrochina Exploration&Production Company Beijing 100007China petrochina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company Chengdu 610051China petrochina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China

The Sinian-Cambrian formations of the Sichuan Basin have favorable hydrocarbon accumulation conditions,but the exploration for large-scale gas fields is quite challenging due to old strata and multiple tectonic *** the Weiyuan Sinian large gas field was found in 1964,the largest monoblock gas field(Anyue Gasfield)was discovered in the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation of the Moxi region in 2013 with proven gas reserves of 440.1×109 *** proven,probable and possible reserves exceed one trillion cubic meters in the Sinian Dengying Formation and the Cambrian Longwangmiao Formation of the Gaoshiti-Moxi *** natural gas components,light hydrocarbons,reservoir bitumen abundance and other evidences prove that the dry natural gas was mainly derived from oil-cracking,with methane(a content of 82.65%-97.35%),ethane(a content of 0.01%-0.29%),nitrogen(a content of 0.44%-6.13%),helium(a content of 0.01%-0.06%),and hydrogen sulphide(0.62-61.11 g/m^(3)).Gas reservoir pressure increases gradually from the Sinian normal pressure(a pressure coefficient of 1.07-1.13)to high pressure(a pressure coefficient of 1.53-1.70)in the Cambrian Longwangmiao *** temperature of the gas reservoir is 137.5-163 ℃.Gas reservoir traps are divided into three categories:tectonic type,tectonic-formation type and tectonic-lithologic *** large-scale enrichment of the Sinian-Cambrian natural gas results from effective configuration of the large stable inherited palaeo-uplift during the Tongwan tectonic movement,wide distribution of ancient source rocks,high-quality reservoirs with vast pore-cavity,crude oil cracking of large palaeo-reservoirs and favorable preservation *** to the palaeo-structure pattern prior to crude oil cracking of the palaeo-reservoirs,and bitumen abundance as well as the distribution characteristics of current gas reservoirs,the accumulation patterns of the cracking gas reservoir can be classified into three types:accumulation type,sem

关键词： palaeo-uplift large gas field crude oil cracking gas accumulation mode Gaoshiti-Moxi Sichuan Basin

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Quantification and timing of porosity evolution in tight sand gas reservoirs:an example from the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation,western Sichuan,China

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Petroleum Science 2015年第2期12卷 207-217页

作者： Zheng-Xiang Lü Su-Juan Ye Xiang Yang Rong Li Yuan-Hua Qing State key laboratory of Oil and Gas reservoir Geology &Exploitation Chengdu University of Technology Exploration and Production Research Institute Sinopec Southwest Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources petrochina Tarim Oilfield Company

The diagenesis and porosity evolution of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao sandstones were analyzed based on petrographic observations, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy observations, carbon and oxygen stable isotope geochemistry, fluid inclusion mi- crothermometry, and thermal and burial history modeling results. The point count data show that secondary pores （av. 5.5 %） are more abundant than primary pores （av. 3.7 %） and are thus the dominant pore type in the Shaximiao sandstones. Analysis of porosity evolution indicates that alteration of sandstones mainly occurred during two paragenetic stages. Mechanical compaction and cementa- tion by early chlorite, calcite, and quartz typically decrease the depositional porosity （40.9 %） by an average of 37.2 %, leaving porosity of 3.7 % after stage I （〈85 ℃, 175-145 Ma）. The original intergranular porosity loss due to compaction is calculated to be 29.3 %, suggesting that mechanical compaction is the most significant diagenetic process in primary porosity destruction. Stage II can be further divided into two sub-stages （Stage IIa and Stage IIb）. Stage IIa （85-120 ℃, 145-125 Ma） is characterized by late dissolution, which enhanced porosity by 8.8 %, and the porosity increased from 3.7 % to 12.5 %. During stage IIb （〉120 ℃, 125-0 Ma）, the precipitation of late chlorite, calcite, quartz, and kaolinite destroyed 3.3 % porosity, leaving porosity of 9.2 % in the rock today.

关键词： Diagenesis Porosity evolution -Tight gas sandstones Jurassic Western Sichuan

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Restoration of formation processes of dolomite reservoirs based on laser U-Pb dating: A case study of Ordovician Majiagou Formation, Ordos Basin, NW China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2022年第2期49卷 327-338页

作者： ZHOU Jingao YU Zhou WU Dongxu REN Junfeng ZHANG Daofeng WANG Shaoyi YIN Chen LIU Yuxin petrochina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology Hangzhou 310023China CNPC key laboratory of carbonate reservoir Hangzhou 310023China petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi'an 710018China China University of Petroleum(Beijing) Beijing 102249China

To address the issue of non-unique interpretation of dolomite reservoir diagenetic and porosity evolution in the previous qualitative or semi-quantitative studies, we investigate two dolomite reservoir types, i.e. weathering-crust karstic reservoirs and mound-beach reservoirs, in the Ordovician Majiagou Formation, Ordos Basin by using in-situ laser ablation U-Pb dating as well as carbon and oxygen isotopic composition analysis. The results show that:(1) According to the dating of 8 reservoir samples, the Majiagou Formation experienced 5 diagenetic stages(Stage 1: deposition of matrix dolomite or penecontemporaneous dolomitization, in 444.0–494.0 Ma;Stage 2: dogtooth-or blade-shaped dolomite cementation, in 440.0–467.0 Ma;Stage 3: dolomitic silt filling, in 316.5–381.0 Ma;Stage 4: crystalline dolomite filling, in 354.0 Ma;Stage 5: crystalline calcite filling, in 292.7–319.0 Ma).(2) Supra-salt weathering-crust karstic dolomite reservoirs went through several diagenetic processes including penecontemporaneous dolomitization, compaction, weathering-crust karstification, packing, and rupturing in succession. Gypsum mold pores formed in the phase of hypergenic karstification and were filled with such minerals as dolomitic silts and calcites, and thus the porosity decreased from 10%–40% to 3%–8%.(3) Sub-salt mound-beach dolomite reservoirs went through the diagenetic processes including penecontemporaneous dolomitization, compaction, subsea cementation, penecontemporaneous corrosion, infiltration backflow dolomitization, packing, and rupturing. The porosity of reservoirs was originally 10%–30%, decreased to 0–6% due to seawater cementation, rose back to 5%–15% owing to penecontemporaneous corrosion, and finally declined to 2%–6% as a result of crystalline dolomites and calcites packing. The above methodology for the restoration of dolomitization and porosity evolution may be helpful for the restoration of porosity evolution in other basins or series of strata.

关键词： U-Pb dating Ordos Basin Ordovician Majiagou Formation diagenesis dolomitization porosity evolution

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Pore-scale simulation of gas-water flow in low permeability gas reservoirs

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第7期21卷 2793-2800页

作者：曹廷宽段永刚郁伯铭方全堂王容 State key laboratory of Oil and Gas reservoir Geology and Exploitation(Southwest Petroleum University) School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Exploration and Development Research Institute PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gasfield Company

A novel method was developed to establish a realistic three dimensional(3D) network model representing pore space in low permeability *** core of rock sample was established by the combination of micro-CT scanning and image processing,then 3D pore-throat network model was extracted from the digital core through analyzing pore space topology,calculating pore-throat parameters and simplifying the shapes of pores and *** good agreements between predicted and measured porosity and absolute permeability verified the validity of this new network ***-water flow mechanism was studied by using pore-scale simulations,and the influence of pore structure parameters,including coordination number,aspect ratio and shape factor,on gas-water flow,was *** present simulation results show that with the increment of coordination number,gas flow ability in network improves and the effect of invading water on blocking gas flow *** smaller the aspect ratio is,the stronger the anisotropy of the network is,resulting in the increase of seepage *** is found that the shape factor mainly affects the end points in relative permeability curves,and for a highly irregular pore or throat with a small shape factor,the irreducible water saturation(Swi) and residual gas saturation(Sgr) are relatively high.

关键词： low permeability sandstone X-ray computed tomography pore-scale modeling pore structure gas-water flow

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