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Mechanical characteristics and reservoir stimulation mechanisms of the Gulong shale oil reservoirs, the northern Songliao Basin

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 2023-2036页

作者： Si-Wei Meng Jia-Ping Tao Tian-Jiao Li dong-Xu Li Su-Ling Wang Liu Yang Xin Liu Li-Hao Liang He Liu petrochina research institute of Petroleum Exploration development Beijing100083China National Key Laboratory of Continental Shale oil Daqing 163002HeilongjiangChina dalian University of Technology Dalian116024LiaoningChina petrochina daqing oilfield Co.Ltd. Daqing163002HeilongjiangChina Northeast Petroleum University Daqing163002HeilongjiangChina China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing) Beijing100083China

Shale oil of the Qingshankou Formation of the Gulong Sag,the northern Songliao Basin,represents the first attempt at large-scale development of pure-shale-type shale oil in *** integrating the multiscale refined reservoir characterization with macro-micro-scale mechanical testing,it is clarified that the Gulong shale is characterized by high clay mineral content,high rock plasticity,highly-developed bedding,and prominent mechanical anisotropy.A three-dimensional(3d)fracture propagation model of hydraulic fracturing was built for the Gulong shale,which fully captures the hydraulic fracture distribution pattern affected by the high bedding density,in-situ stress,and fracturing treatment *** research showed that due to influences of bedding,hydraulic fracturing in the Gulong shale forms a complex fracture morphology featuring the main fracture with multiple perpendicular branches that have different lengths(like the outdoor directional TV antenna);however,the vertical propagation of fractures is inhibited,and the fracture height is commonly less than 10 *** limited stimulated reservoir volume(SrV)is the main problem facing the fracturing stimulation of the Gulong shale *** density has vital effects on fracture morphology,so case-specific fracturing designs shall be developed for shale intervals with different bedding development *** reservoirs with welldeveloped bedding,it is suggested to properly increase the perforation cluster spacing and raise the volume and proportions of viscous fluids of the pad,so as to effectively promote vertical fracture propagation and improve reservoir stimulation *** study integrates multi-scale fine reservoir characterization and macro-micro-scale mechanical testing,as well as the construction and numerical simulation of hydraulic fracturing models for high-density layered shale reservoirs,providing a new approach and methodological framework for the fracturing research of high-density layer

关键词： Shale oil Hydraulic fracturing High bedding density Fracture propagation model

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Preparation and characterization of thermosensitive poly(NIPAM-co-MAH-β-Cd)/(TiO_2-MWCNTs) composites by UV light photoinitiating method

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2012年第9期23卷 1071-1074页

作者： Hui Long Wang Li Pang Wen Feng Jiang Chao Yang department of Chemistry Dalian University of TechnologyChina Dalian 116023 petrochina dalian lubricating oil r&d institute China Dalian 116032

In this report, a novel thermosensitive poly（N-isopropylacrylamide-co-maleic anhydride-β-cyclodextrin）/（TiO2-multi-wal,led carbon nanotubes）（poly（NIPAM-co-MAH-β-Cd）/（TiO2-MWCNTs）） composite was synthesized by UV light photoinitiating method. The results indicated that MAH modifiedβ-Cd （MAH-β-Cd） could polymerize to NIPAM by UV light irradiation in the presence of TiO2-MWCNTs composite nanoparticles. The characteristic results confirmed that the TiO2-MWCNTs composite nanoparticles were embedded evenly within the thermally responsive copolymer of NIPAM and MAH-β-Cd. The effects of irradiation time and TiO2-MWCNTs concentration on the yield of the composites were investigated by keeping NIPAM to MAH-β- Cd mass ratio constant. The optimal polymerization reaction conditions were a TiO2-MWCNTs concentration of 10 wt.% under UV light for the illumination of 3 h.

关键词： Polymeric composite Thermosensitive Titania nanoparticles UV light

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Investigation of calcium phosphate (CaP) tribofilms from commercial automatic transmission fluids (ATFs) and their correlation with antishudder performance

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Friction 2020年第5期8卷 882-892页

作者： Zechao dI Jingjing XU Yang LIU Yu JIANG dongsheng HUANG Haitao CUI Zhongguo LIU Zhiyu ZHAO Shaohui LI dalian lubricating oil research&development institute PetroChinaDalian 116032China

The friction properties of wet clutches are highly dependent on the surface tribofilms formed by automatic transmission fluids (ATFs). Here, four commercial ATFs were evaluated with a disc-on-disc tribometer to study tribofilm formation on steel surfaces and the effects of tribofilms on the friction properties. The chemical composition, stoichiometry, structure, and thickness of the tribofilms were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EdX), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Calcium phosphate (CaP) tribofilms form on the friction surface with all ATFs, which contributes to their antishudder characteristics. The thickness and surface coverage of CaP tribofilms are positively correlated with their antishudder properties.

关键词： tribofilm commercial ATF antishudder hydroxyapatite

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A Polymeric Iodiplumbate(Ⅱ) directed by Heterocyclic Monoprotonated Quaternary Ammonium

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2009年第3期28卷 301-306页

作者：孙令国陈之荣李久盛李浩宏欧敏锐李俊篯 College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Fuzhou University petrochina Lanzhou lubricating oil r & d institute

A new iodiplumbate polymer [（AOd）（Pb216）]n 1 （AOd = O-protonated 4-azonia-7- oxaspiro（4,5） decane quaternary ammonium） was synthesized by self-assembly reaction of AOd-I, Pb（NO3）2 and NaI, and structurally determined. Compound 1 crystallizes in the hexagonal system, space group P3, with a = 18.2704（8）, c = 8.1663（6） A, V= 2360.8（2） A3, Z = 3, de = 2.783 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1686, C8H17I6NOPb2, Mr = 1319.03, μ（MoKa） = 16.562 mm^-1, the final r = 0.0535 and wr = 0.1793 for 4943 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（I）. In compound 1, three independent （PbEI6）^2-n infinite chains in each unit cell shape the sketch of compound 1 under the template of AOd-H^2＋ cation. Each （PbaI6）^2-n chain generates from the face-sharing of distorted PbI6 octahedra. （PbEI6）^2-n polyanions interact with AOd-H^2＋ cations by electrostatic interaction in the crystal to feature a so-called hybrid structure. Compound 1 was further characterized with Ir, elemental analysis, fluorescence spectrum and thermal analysis. Based on the crystal structure data, dFT calculation was carried out to reveal the electronic structure of compound 1.

关键词： organic-inorganic hybrid template synthesis lead(Ⅱ)/iodide poly-ion

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A potential approach to replace sulfurized olefins with borate ester containing xanthate group in lubricating oil

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第7期53卷 992-997页

作者： WANG YongGang LI JiuSheng rEN TianHui School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China petrochina Lanzhou lubricating oil r&d institute Lanzhou 730060 China

To develop a potential substitute for sulfurized olefins, a borate ester derivative containing xanthate group (titled BXT) was synthesized and characterized. Meanwhile, its tribological properties in rape-seed oil were evaluated using four-ball tribometer. The results indicate that BXT shows excellent tri-bological capacity such as load-carrying, friction-reducing and antiwear property. Moreover, the syn-thesized compound has no noticeable odor, shows little corrosion to copper, and exhibits better ther-mal stability compared with sulfurized olefins. In order to study the action mechanism of BXT in friction process, analysis of the worn surface was carried out using a three-dimensional non-contact surface profilometer and XPS analyzer.

关键词：势能硫化作用烯烃硼酸盐酯黄原酸盐

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Effect of Gasoline Property on Formation of Intake Valve and Combustion Chamber deposits

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2011年第3期13卷 27-32页

作者： Xu Xiaohong Cai Jin Liu Quanshan Xue Qunji Lanzhou institute Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 petrochina Lanzhou lubricating oil r＆d institute Lanzhou 730060 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Scienees Beijing 100039

The cleanliness of gasoline is related to its components and *** commercial gasoline builds up deposits on the engine's injector,intake valve and combustion chamber,which can significantly lower the engine performance and influence exhaust gas *** this study,the intake valve deposits (IVd) and combustion chamber deposits (CCd) produced from combustion of fuel containing 21 v%—42 v% of aromatics and 8 v%—31 v% of olefins have been studied using Ford engine tests,and the characteristics of deposits were studied by Ir spectroscopy,TGA and elemental analysis *** test results have shown that deposit formation depends on the fuel composition,especially the aromatic content in the *** is also observed that there are differences in the values of IVd and CCd measured by Ir spectrometry and elemental analyses.

关键词： gasoline intake valve deposits combustion chamber deposits

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research on Friction Properties of Mineral Lubricants in Thin-Film-lubricating regime

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2014年第1期16卷 90-95页

作者： Zhang Jie Guan Tingting Piao Jicheng Lubricants r&d institute petrochina

On the basis of thin film lubrication theory, the influence of fluid film(disordered film), ordered film and adsorbed film on tribological behavior of lubricating oil in thin-film lubrication(TFL) regime was studied. The μ-L(friction coefficient versus load) curves of different oil viscosity and additive dosage were obtained by a high frequency reciprocating test rig and the adsorption capacity of additive on steel surface were measured by QCM-d. Based on the Stribeck curve and thin film lubrication theory model, some conclusions can be drawn up, namely:(1) The μ-L curves and the parameters of L0 and μ0, obtained from the high frequency reciprocating test rig with ball-disc contact, can be used to study tribological behaviors of lubricating oil under TFL conditions.(2) In comparison with the high viscosity base fluid, the lower one can enter into TFL regime under lower load and keeps a lower friction coefficient in TFL regime.(3) The polar molecules in additive formulation produce ordered adsorbed layer on steel surface to reduce friction coefficient. And in TFL regime, the molecule's polarity, layer thickness and saturation degree on steel surface probably can influence lubricant's tribological behaviors between the moving interfaces. Moreover, the further study would be focused on the competitive adsorption of different additives, the formation of dual- and/or tri-molecular adsorption layers, and other aspects.

关键词： thin film lubrication(TFL) adsorption film quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring(QCM-d) Stribeck curve mineral lubricants

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Stable dispersibility of bentonite-type additive with gemini ionic liquid intercalation structure for oil-based drilling

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Friction 2023年第2期11卷 201-215页

作者： Chaoyang ZHANG rui dONG Xingang WANG Yijing LIANG Ming ZHANG Qiangliang YU Zhongping TANG Huiying LV Liping WANG Meirong CAI Feng ZHOU Weimin LIU State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100039China petrochina Lanzhou lubricating oil r&d institute Lanzhou 730060China

In this study,the direct intercalation of gemini ionic liquids(ILs)with different alkyl chains into the bentonite(BT)interlayer as a high-performance lubricating additive for base oil 500SN was *** purpose of modifying BT with an IL is to improve the dispersion stability and lubricity of BT in lubricating *** dispersibility and tribological properties of IL–BT as oil-based additives for 500SN depend on the increase in interlamellar space in BT and improve as the chain length is *** importantly,the IL–BT nanomaterial outperforms individual BT in improving wear resistance,owing to its sheet layers were deformed and sprawled in furrows along the metal surface,thereby resulting in low surface *** of its excellent lubrication performance,IL-modified BT is a potential candidate for the main component of drilling *** can be used as a lubricating additive in oil drilling and oil well construction to reduce equipment damage and ensure the normal operation of equipments.

关键词： ionic liquid modified bentonite nanomaterial oil-based additive

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Lignin composite ionic liquid lubricants with excellent anti-corrosion,anti-oxidation,and tribological properties

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Friction 2023年第7期11卷 1239-1252页

作者： Chaoyang ZHANG Zhiquan YANG Qing HUANG Xingwei WANG Wufang YANG Chunyu ZHOU Bo YU Qiangliang YU Meirong CAI Feng ZHOU State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China petrochina Lanzhou lubricating oil r&d institute Lanzhou 730060China Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing Yantai 264006China Yantai Zhongke research institute of Advanced Materials and Green Chemical Engineering Yantai 264006China

A new type of lubricating material(BTA-P_(4444)-Lig)was synthesized by combining lignin with tetrabutylphosphorus and *** tribological properties,corrosion resistance,and anti-oxidation properties of BTA-P_(4444)-Lig as a lubricant were *** lubricating material exhibits excellent friction reduction and wear resistance,as well as good thermal stability and excellent oxidation *** analysis reveals that the active elements N and P in the lubricating material react with the metal substrate,and the reaction film effectively blocks direct contact between the friction pairs,affording excellent friction reduction and wear *** the same time,the phenolic hydroxyl group in lignin reacts with oxygen free radicals to form a resonance-stable semi-quinone free radical,which interrupts the chain reaction and affords good anti-oxidant activity.

关键词： lignin lubrication ionic liquid anti-oxidant

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Construction of surface lattice oxygen in metallic N-CuCoS1.97 porous nanowire for wearable Zn-air battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第7期28卷 1-9页

作者： Jie Yin Binbin Wei Yuxuan Li Yefei Li Pinxian Xi State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Provinceand College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000GansuChina petrochina Lanzhou lubricating oil r&d institute Lanzhou 730000GansuChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Material Key Laboratory of Computational Physical Science(Ministry of Education)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative MaterialsDepartment of ChemistryFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Achieving high activity and stability oxygen evolution reaction(OEr) catalysts to optimize the efficiency of metal-air battery, water splitting and other energy conversion devices, remains a formidable ***, we demonstrate the metallic porous nanowires arrays with abundant defects via nitrogen and copper codoped CoS1.97 nanowires(N-CuCoS1.97 NWs). The N-CuCoS1.97 NWs can serve as an excellent OEr self-supported electrode with an overpotential of 280 mV(j = 10 m A cm-2) and remarkable long-term stability. The X-ray absorption near-edge structure(XANES) and X-ray photoelectron spectrum(XPS) measurements confirmed the surface lattice oxygen created on the N-CuCoS1.97 NWs during OEr. Then, the density function theory(dFT) results evident that lattice oxygen constructed surface of N-CuCoS1.97 NWs has more favorable OEr energetic profiles and absorption for reaction intermediate. More importantly,the flexible and wearable Zn-air battery fabricated by the N-CuCoS1.97 NWs shows excellent rechargeable and mechanical stability, which can be used in portable mobile device.

关键词： dFT calculation Porous nanowires Electrocatalyst OEr Zn-air battery

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