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China oil & Gas 2022年第4期29卷 10-16页

作者： Dong Huanzhong petrochina southwest oil&gasfield company

Introduction As the world’s largest developing country, China will maintain a rigid growth in energy consumption for a long time to come [1-3]. Natural gas, the cleanest and low-carbon fossil energy source, plays an essential role in the country’s achieving its strategic goals of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality”(hereinafter referred to as the “dual carbon” goals).

关键词： maintain goals southwest

Numerical investigation on ball-sealers transport and diversion performance in shale gas horizontal well based on semi-resolved CFD-DEM

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Particuology 2024年第10期93卷 137-153页

作者： Yinjian Huang Jinzhou Zhao Lan Ren Ran Lin Jianfa Wu Cheng Shen Jianjun Wu Bing Li National Key Laboratory of oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Tianfu Yongxing Laboratory Chengdu610213China Shale Gas Research Institute PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield CompanyChengdu610056China petrochina Coalbed Methane company Limited Xi’an710082China

In the staged multi-cluster fracturing of shale gas horizontal wells, ball sealers are used to ensure uniform fluid distribution among clusters, a strategy that is both cost-effective and operationally beneficial. Despite these advantages, comprehending the ball sealers' dynamics within the wellbore and their plugging behavior at perforations is still challenging. This complexity results in prediction difficulties regarding their diversion efficiency. To address this, our study utilized a semi-resolved CFD-DEM model based on kernel approximation to simulate the behavior of medium-sized ball sealers in single and multiple cluster scenarios. Our findings from a single cluster scenario reveal that the plugging probability is co-determined by velocity gradients in the fluid ingestion area near the perforation, backflow region, and inertial forces of the ball sealers. As the critical flow rate is achieved, the plugging probability negatively correlated with fluid viscosity and displacement, and positively correlated with the perforation flow ratio (PFR), the difference in particle-fluid density, ball sealer’s diameter, and the ball sealer’s offset from the pipeline center. Temporary plugging control efficiency was used to evaluate the flow balance effect among multiple clusters. The results indicate that an increased number of ball sealers enhances the fault tolerance during the temporary plugging process. Nevertheless, excessive ball sealers might undermine the temporary plugging control efficiency, as perforations with lower fluid inflow rates are unexpectedly plugging. Higher differences in fluid injection rates between clusters led to increased efficiency in temporary plugging control. Premature deployment of ball sealers cannot effectively plug perforations with marginally higher fluid inflow rates, but instead accidently plug intermediate clusters with lower fluid inflow rates. These findings offer a theoretical basis for optimizing the design of ball sealers.

关键词： Gas shale Horizontal wells Ball sealer Semi-resolved CFD-DEM Diversion

Pathways and Prospects for Smart Energy Cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative

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China oil & Gas 2024年第3期31卷 54-60页

作者： Yu Xiaozhong Pan Ying Bai Long Cai Chunhua southwest Petroleum University petrochina southwest oil&gasfield company

The Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)is a path of wisdom,interconnection,and green and sustainable *** cooperation is a key focus area under the BRI and is also the main thrust for achieving the dual carbon ***,new productive forces such as the Internet,the Internet of Things,cloud platforms,big data,and artificial intelligence are developing vigorously,and smart energy cooperation under the BRI is *** on the background of high-quality BRI cooperation and the dual carbon goals,this article analyzes the current status and challenges of smart energy cooperation under the BRI,discusses ways to enhance the energy science and technology level under the BRI,build consensus across multiple parties,reduce the digital divide in smart energy cooperation,strengthen risk management and control,and comprehensively realize high-quality smart energy cooperation under the BRI,forming a new productive force in the joint construction of BRI energy projects.

关键词： Smart artificial smart

Paleoenvironment of marine-continental transitional shales in the lower Permian Shanxi formation,southeastern Ordos Basin,China

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第3期5卷 221-233页

作者： Jia Tan Yuqiang Jiang Xingtao Li Chunhai Ji Yifan Gu Zhanlei Wang School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China The Unconventional Reservoir Evaluation Department PetroChina Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas ResourcesChengdu610500China Project Department of Tight oil and Gas Exploration and Development PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gas Field CompanyChengdu610056China petrochina Coalbed Methane company Beijing100028China Shale Gas Research Institute PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield CompanyChengdu610051China

The paleoenvironment of shales can be reconstructed to some extent using the combinations or concentrations of elements that correlate strongly with environmental *** this study,we analyzed rare earth elements(REEs),major elements,and trace elements in the marine-continental transitional shales(transitional shales for short)of the Shan 2^(3)submember of the Shanxi Formation in the southeastern Ordos *** purpose is to deduce the paleoenvironmental conditions of the shales,encompassing paleoredox,paleoclimate,paleoproductivity,and *** Shan 2^(3)submember comprises four sections,namely Shan 2^(3)-1,Shan 2^(3)-2,Shan 2^(3)-3,and Shan 2^(3)-*** Ba/Al,P/Al,and Cu/Al ratios,along with biogenic barium(Babio),indicate that the paleoproductivity of the submember peaked during the Shan 2^(3)-1 deposition and exhibited a downtrend upward in other *** in the Uau and the Ni/Co,V/Cr,U/Th,and V/Sc ratios suggest that suboxic conditions prevailed during the Shan 2^(3)-1 deposition,with the oxidation level gradually increasing from Shan 2^(3)-1 to Shan 2^(3)-4.C-value and the Sr/Cu ***/Rb cross-plot indicate a warm and arid paleoclimate during the Shan 2^(3)-1 deposition,which transitioned to cooler,drier conditions during the deposition of other *** sensitive to paleoclimate,such as the K/Rb and Th/U ratios,along with the ICV,PIA,and Chemical Index of Alteration(CIA),highlight elevated weathering from Shan 2^(3)-2 to Shan 2^(3)-4,with Shan 2^(3)-1 exhibiting the weakest weathering during its *** suggested by the REE data,the Zr/Sc ***/Sr cross-plot,provenance discriminant functions,and the cross-plots of Hf ***/Th,Th ***-Co,and∑REE ***/Yb,the sedimentary provenance for the transitional shales of the Shan 2^(3)submember is of multiple origins,with significant contributions from the Upper Continental Crust(UCC).Discriminant diagrams,including those of Th-Co-Zr/10,Th-Sc-Zr/10,La-Th-Sc,and K_(2)O/Na_(2)O

关键词： Transitional shale Paleoenvironment Elemental geochemistry Upper Permian Shan 2^(3)submember Ordos basin

Mottled dolomite in the lower Cambrian Longwangmiao formation in the Northern Sichuan Basin,South China

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 19-29页

作者： Xuefei Yang Hao Tang Junyi Zhang Yao Du Ruifeng Tang Shuang Pan Xiang Zhou Yan Xu State Key Laboratory of oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Gas Geology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China CCDC Chuandong Drilling company Chongqing401120China Exploration Department Petrochina Southwest Oil&Gasfield CompanyChengdu610051China

At the end of Early Cambrian time,the Sichuan basin(South China)was located in a wide carbonate platform,with hundreds of meters of carbonate *** Longwangmiao Formation carbonate in Sichuan basin is partially to completely dolomitized,displaying a mottled texture in the northern area of the *** mottled dolomitic limestone developed parallel to bedding,with shape irregular boundaries with limestone that has not been *** mottled dolomite is composed of powder crystalline and finely crystalline dolomite,while the matrix limestone is composed of micritic *** isotopic composition of mottled dolomite(δ^(13)C=+0.29‰PDB,δ^(18)O=1.15‰PDB)is similar to that of micrite calcite(δ^(13)C=0.49‰PDB,δ^(18)O=1.45‰PDB).Both isotopic values and trace element data indicate that the dolomitized fluid is originated from sea *** beds contain gypsum pseudomorphs and mud cracks,indicating a shallow and evaporative environment with local high salinity during *** likely took place early,in part as a result of sea water salinity *** fossils thalassinoides horizontalis,thalassinoides callianassa and planolites developed in the Longwangmiao Formation,and the sharp edges of mottled dolomite are similar to these trace *** beds are intensely *** the burrow network,the sediments and burrow fill were coarse and loose with little clay,and it is interpreted here as being easier to be dolomitized than the surrounding *** dolomitization is thus interpreted to have occurred in the burrow system,and the degree of dolomitization was related to the degree of bioturbation,which is controlled by the trace-making creatures.

关键词： Mottled dolomite Dolomitization Longwangmiao Formation Early Cambrian Northern Sichuan basin

Quantitative characterizations of anisotropic dynamic properties in organic-rich shale with different kerogen content

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 855-865页

作者： Jian-Yong Xie Yan-Ping Fang Xing-Hua Wu Jian'er Zhao Jun-Cheng Dai Jun-Xing Cao Ji-Xin Deng State Key Laboratory of oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059SichuanChina Key Lab of Earth Exploration&Information Techniques of Ministry of Education Geophysical InstituteChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059SichuanChina petrochina southwest oil&gasfield company Chengdu610017SichuanChina

Understanding the quantitative responses of anisotropic dynamic properties in organic-rich shale with different kerogen content(KC)is of great significance in hydrocarbon exploration and *** controlled experiments with a single variable is challenging for natural shales due to their high variations in components,diagenesis conditions,or pore *** employed the hot-pressing technique to construct 11 well-controlled artificial shale with varying *** artificial shale samples were successive machined into prismatic shape for ultrasonic measurements along different *** revealed bedding perpendicular P-wave velocities are more sensitive to the increasing KC than bedding paralleling velocities due to the preferential alignments of *** elastic stiffnesses except C_(13)are generally decreasing with the increasing KC,the variation of C_(1) and C_(33)on kerogen content are more sensitive than those of C_(44)and C_(66).Apparent dynamic mechanical parameters(v and E)were found to have linear correlation with the true ones from complete anisotropic equations independent of KC,which hold value towards the interpretation of well logs consistently across formations,Anisotropic mechanical parameters(ΔE and brittlenessΔB)tend to decrease with the reducing KC,withΔB showing great sensitivity to KC *** the range of low KC(10%)shale,compilation of data from natural organic rich-shales globally verified the similar systematic relationships that can be empirically used to predict the fraction of KC in shales.

关键词： Elastic properties Organic shale Anisotropy Kerogen content Physical modeling

Scale Economy Development Strategies for Deep Shale Gas in China

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China oil & Gas 2024年第4期31卷 40-45页

作者： Huang Shihong Lu Yanlin Tang Jian Xiong Jie Hu Xi Fu Bin Yu Zhibo Sichuan Shale Gas Exploration and Development Co. Ltd. Development Division PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company Research Institute of Natural Gas Economy PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company

China has rich deep shale gas resources,which will be an important source for an increase in China’s natural gas production in a certain period in the *** its large-scale efficient development is of strategic importance in ensuring national energy *** article analyses and summarizes the opportunities and challenges in China’s scale economy development of shale ***:China’s natural gas market has immense potential,and the prospects for shale gas development are broad;the national and local governments value and support the exploration and development of shale gas;there is a rich resource base that allows for rapid production increase and stable output of deep shale gas;technological advancements will accelerate the pace of scale economy development of deep gas resources.

关键词： shale advancement strategic

Effects of Intracratonic Strike-slip Fault on the Differentiation of Carbonate Microfacies: A Case Study of a Permian Platform Margin in the Sichuan Basin(SW China)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 936-954页

作者： LIU Jiawei WU Guanghui TANG Qingsong WU Yonghong ZHANG Wenjin ZHAO Zhongyu School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Qiangtang Basin Research Institute Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China southwest Petroleum University Division of Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoirs of CNPCChengdu 610500China petrochina southwest oil&gasfield company Chengdu 610051China

In intracratnoic basins, the effect of strike-slip faults on sedimentary microfacies is generally underestimated due to their small scale. Based on the integration of core, well logs, and three-dimensional seismic data, this study presents a comprehensive analysis of the Permian carbonate platform and strike-slip faults in the southwestern Kaijiang-Liangping trough of the Sichuan Basin. The relationship between strike-slip faults and Permian carbonate microfacies is investigated. The results reveals the existence of a NW-trending strike-slip fault zone along the platform margin, exhibiting clear segmentation. The western side of the study area exhibits a rimmed platform margin characterized by type I reefs, which corresponds to the presence of a large-scale strike-slip fault zone. In contrast, the eastern side is characterized by a norimmed and weak rimmed platform margin, accompanied by type II reefs, which align with smaller strike-slip fault zones. It was found that the strike-slip fault had some effects on the platform and reef-shoal complex of the Permain Changxing Formation. First, the platform was divided by strike-slip fault into three segments to show rimmed, week rimmed and norimmed platform. Second, reef-shoal complex devolped along the faulted high position in the strike-slip fault zone, and separated by faulted depression. Third, strike-slip faults can offset or migrated the reef-shoal complex and platform margin. Additionally, the thickness of the platform margin varies across strike-slip fault zone, which is related to the activity of strike-slip faults. The strike-slip faults affect the microfacies by controlling the pre-depositional paleotopography. This case suggests that the strike-slip faults play a crucial role in the diversity and distribution of carbonate microfacies in the intracratonic basin.

关键词： strike-slip faults segmentation carbonate platform sediment dispersal pattern Changxing Formation Kaijiang–Liangping trough Sichuan Basin

An optimal flow rate allocation model of the oilfield treated oil pipeline network

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Petroleum 2024年第1期10卷 93-100页

作者： Hai Li Tianyou Fan Kun Wang Xueyuan Long Yu He Meng Wang Wen Cheng Qian Huang Huirong Huang Weichao Yu petrochina southwest oil&gasfield company Chengdu 610056China China Petroleum Planning&Engineering Institute Beijing 100083China School of Petroleum Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China PipeChina oil&Gas Control Center Dongtucheng RoadChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100028China

oilfield treated oil pipeline network is the link connecting the upstream oilfields and the downstream *** to the differences in operating costs and transportation fee between different pipelines and the fluctuation in the demand and sales prices of the treated oil,there is an optimal flow allocation plan for the pipeline network to make the oilfield company obtain the highest social and economic *** this study,a mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)model is developed to determine the optimal flow rate allocation plan of the large-scale and complex treated oil pipeline network,and both the social and economic benefits are considered *** optimization objective is the multi-objective which includes the largest user satisfaction and the highest economic *** model constraints include the oilfield production capacity,refinery demand,pipeline transmission capacity,flow,pressure,and temperature of the node and station,and the pipeline hydraulic and thermal *** 3.7 is utilized for the programming of the off-line calculation procedure and the MINLP model,and GUROBI 9.0.2 is served as the MINLP ***,the model is applied to a real treated oil pipeline network located in China,and three optimization scenarios are *** social benefit,the values of the user satisfaction of each refinery and the total network are 1 before and after optimization for scenarios 1,2,and *** economic benefit,the annual revenue can be increased by 0.227,0.293,and 0.548 billion yuan after the optimization in scenario 1,2,and 3,respectively.

关键词： Treated oil pipeline network Flow rate allocation Optimal User satisfaction Economic benefit

A Well Productivity Model for Multi-Layered Marine and Continental Transitional Reservoirs with Complex Fracture Networks

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第6期20卷 1313-1330页

作者： Huiyan Zhao Xuezhong Chen Zhijian Hu Man Chen Bo Xiong Jianying Yang Sichuan Changning Natural Gas Development company Limited PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyYibin644399China Sichuan Shale Gas Exploration and Development company Limited PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyNeijiang641100China New Energy Division PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field CompanyChengdu610051China

Using the typical characteristics of multi-layered marine and continental transitional gas reservoirs as a basis,a model is developed to predict the related well production *** model relies on the fractal theory of tortuous capillary bundles and can take into account multiple gas flow mechanisms at the micrometer and nanometer scales,as well as the flow characteristics in different types of thin layers(tight sandstone gas,shale gas,and coalbed gas).Moreover,a source-sink function concept and a pressure drop superposition principle are utilized to introduce a coupled flow model in the reservoir.A semi-analytical solution for the production rate is obtained using a matrix iteration method.A specific well is selected for fitting dynamic production data,and the calculation results show that the tight sandstone has the highest gas production per unit thickness compared with the other types of ***,desorption and diffusion of coalbed gas and shale gas can significantly contribute to gas production,and the daily production of these two gases decreases rapidly with decreasing reservoir ***,the gas production from fractures exhibits an approximately U-shaped distribution,indicating the need to optimize the spacing between clusters during hydraulic fracturing to reduce the area of overlapping fracture *** coal matrix water saturation significantly affects the coalbed gas production,with higher water saturation leading to lower production.

关键词： Marine-continental transitional reservoir multi-layered reservoir seepage mechanisms apparent permeability hydraulic horizontal well productivity model