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Effect of remimazolam vs. propofol on hemodynamics during general anesthesia induction in elderly patients: Single-center, randomized controlled trial

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The Journal of Biomedical research 2024年第1期38卷 66-75页

作者： Mingfeng He Chanjuan Gong Yinan Chen Rongting Chen Yanning Qian Department of Anesthesiology and perioperative Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China

The current study aimed to compare the effects between remimazolam and propofol on hemodynamic stability during the induction of general anesthesia in elderly *** used propofol at a rate of 60 mg/(kg·h)in the propofol group(group P)or remimazolam at a rate of 6 mg/(kg·h)in the remimazolam group(group R)for the induction.A processed electroencephalogram was used to determine whether the induction was successful and when to stop the infusion of the study *** measured when patients entered the operating room(T_(0)),when the induction was successful(T_(1)),and when before(T_(2))and 5 min after successful endotracheal intubation(T_(3)).We found that mean arterial pressure(MAP)was lower at T_(1–3),compared with T_(0) in both groups,but higher at T_(2) in the group R,whileΔMAP_(T0–T2) andΔMAP_(max) were smaller in the group R(ΔMAP_(T0–T2):the difference between MAP at time point T_(0) and T_(2),ΔMAP_(max):the difference between MAP at time point T_(0) and the lowest value from T_(0) to T_(3)).Cardiac index and stroke volume index did not differ between groups,whereas systemic vascular resistance index was higher at T_(1–3) in the group *** findings show that remimazolam,compared with propofol,better maintains hemodynamic stability during the induction,which may be attributed to its ability to better maintain systemic vascular resistance levels.

关键词： remimazolam propofol elderly patients hypotension left ventricular systolic function systematic vascular resistance

Status of biomarker development for frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第10期19卷 2117-2118页

作者： Yue Yang Qi Cheng Jianqun Gao Woojin Scott Kim Brain and Mind Centre&School of Medical Sciences The University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology Liverpool HospitalSydneyNSWAustralia Stroke and Neurology research Group Ingham Institute for Applied Medical ResearchSydneyNSWAustralia Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation ShanghaiChina Clinical research Center for Anesthesiology and perioperative Medicine ShanghaiChina Translational research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Frontotemporal dementia(FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) are neurodegenerative diseases that belong to the same disease spectrum,with overlapping of genetic and pathological *** mutations in TARDBP,C9ORF72,... 详细信息

关键词： amyotrophic sclerosis diseases

Lactate:a prospective target for therapeutic intervention in psychiatric disease

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第7期19卷 1473-1479页

作者： Yanhui Cai Haiyun Guo Tianle Han Huaning Wang Department of Psychiatry Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology and perioperative Medicine Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina

Although antipsychotics that act via monoaminergic neurotransmitter modulation have considera ble therapeutic effect,they cannot completely relieve clinical symptoms in patients suffering from psychiatric disorde *** may be attributed to the limited range of neurotransmitters that are regulated by psychotropic *** findings indicate the need for investigation of psychotropic medications that target less-studied neurotransmitte *** these candidate neurotransmitters,lactate is developing from being a waste metabolite to a glial-neuronal signaling molecule in recent *** studies have suggested that cerebral lactate levels change considerably in numerous psychiatric illnesses;animal experiments have also shown that the supply of exogenous la ctate exerts an antidepressant *** this review,we have described how medications targeting newer neurotransmitte rs offer promise in psychiatric diseases;we have also summarized the advances in the use of lactate(and its corresponding signaling pathways)as a signaling *** addition,we have described the alterations in brain lactate levels in depression,anxiety,bipolar disorder,and schizophrenia and have indicated the challenges that need to be overcome before brain lactate can be used as a therapeutic target in psychopharmacology.

关键词： antidepressant anxiety bipolar disorder depression lactate psychiatric disease psychopharmacology schizophrenia signal molecular therapeutics

Neuroprotective effects of chaperone-mediated autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第6期19卷 1291-1298页

作者： Qi Jia Jin Li Xiaofeng Guo Yi Li You Wu Yuliang Peng Zongping Fang Xijing Zhang Department of Anesthesiology and perioperative Medicine and Department of Intensive Care Unit Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’anShaanxi ProvinceChina Department of Critical Care Medicine Air Force Medical CenterBeijingChina Translational research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence Shanghai Fourth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Chaperone-mediated autophagy is one of three types of autophagy and is characterized by the selective degradation of ***-mediated autophagy contributes to energy balance and helps maintain cellular homeostasis,while providing nutrients and support for cell ***-mediated autophagy activity can be detected in almost all cells,including *** to the extreme sensitivity of neurons to their environmental changes,maintaining neuronal homeostasis is critical for neuronal growth and ***-mediated autophagy dysfunction is closely related to central nervous system *** has been shown that neuronal damage and cell death are accompanied by chaperone-mediated autophagy *** certain conditions,regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy activity attenuates *** this paper,we review the changes in chaperone-mediated autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases,brain injury,glioma,and autoimmune *** also summarize the most recent research progress on chaperone-mediated autophagy regulation and discuss the potential of chaperone-mediated autophagy as a therapeutic target for central nervous system diseases.

关键词： chaperone-mediated autophagy neurodegenerative disease neuronal homeostasis neuroprotection

mRNA medicine:Recent progresses in chemical modification,design,and engineering

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Nano research 2024年第10期17卷 9015-9030页

作者： Xiaowen Hou Jinjun Shi Yuling Xiao Department of Cardiology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversitySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Perioperative and Pain MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA

Messenger RNA(mRNA)is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome,where it is translated into *** has emerged as a powerful platform for development of new types of medicine,especially after the clinical approval of COVID-19 mRNA *** modification and nanoparticle delivery have contributed to this success significantly by improving mRNA stability,reducing its immunogenicity,protecting it from enzymatic degradation,and enhancing cellular uptake and endosomal ***,substantial progresses have been made in new modification chemistries,sequence design,and structural engineering to generate more stable and efficient next-generation *** innovations could further facilitate the clinical translation of mRNA therapies and *** that numerous review articles have been published on mRNA nanoparticle delivery and biomedical applications over the last few years,we herein focus on overviewing recent advances in mRNA chemical modification,mRNA sequence optimization,and mRNA engineering(e.g.,circular RNA and multitailed mRNA),with the aim of providing new perspectives on the development of more effective and safer mRNA medicines.

关键词： mRNA self-amplifying RNA circular RNA multitailed mRNA chemical modification machine learning

Latest assessment methods for mitochondrial homeostasis in cognitive diseases

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第4期19卷 754-768页

作者： Wei You Yue Li Kaixi Liu Xinning Mi Yitong Li Xiangyang Guo Zhengqian Li Department of Anesthesiology Peking University Third Hospital Peking University Third Clinical Medical College Beijing Center of Quality Control and Improvement on Clinical Anesthesia Anesthesia and perioperative Medicine Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care(CPAM)

Mitochondria play an essential role in neural function,such as supporting normal energy metabolism,regulating reactive oxygen species,buffering physiological calcium loads,and maintaining the balance of morphology,subcellular distribution,and overall health through mitochondrial *** the recent technological advances in the assessment of mitochondrial structure and functions,mitochondrial dysfunction has been regarded as the early and key pathophysiological mechanism of cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,Huntington’s disease,mild cognitive impairment,and postoperative cognitive *** review will focus on the recent advances in mitochondrial medicine and research methodology in the field of cognitive sciences,from the perspectives of energy metabolism,oxidative stress,calcium homeostasis,and mitochondrial dynamics(including fission-fusion,transport,and mitophagy).

关键词： cognitive disorders mitochondrial dysfunction mitochondrial energy metabolism mitochondrial dynamics mitochondrial transport mitophagy mitochondrial biogenesis oxidative stress calcium homeostasis

Effects of sevoflurane on left ventricular function by speckletracking echocardiography in coronary bypass patients: A randomized trial

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The Journal of Biomedical research 2024年第1期38卷 76-86页

作者： Chanjuan Gong Xiaokai Zhou Yin Fang Yanjuan Zhang Linjia Zhu Zhengnian Ding Department of Anesthesiology and perioperative Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China Department of Cardiology the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210029China.

The present study aimed to dynamically observe the segmental and global myocardial movements of the left ventricle during coronary artery bypass grafting by transesophageal speckle-tracking echocardiography,and to assess the effect of sevoflurane on cardiac ***-four patients scheduled for the off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly divided into a sevoflurane-based anesthesia(AS)group and a propofolbased total intravenous anesthesia(AA)*** AS group demonstrated a higher absolute value of left ventricular global longitudinal strain than that of the AA group at both T1(after harvesting all grafts and before coronary anastomosis)and T_(2)(30 min after completing all coronary anastomoses)(P<0.05).Moreover,strain improvement in the segment with the highest preoperative strain was significantly reduced in the AS group,compared with the AA group at both T1 and T_(2)(P<0.01).The flow of the left internal mammary artery-left anterior descending artery graft was superior,and the postoperative concentration of troponin T decreased rapidly in the AS group,compared with the AA group(P<0.05).Compared with total intravenous anesthesia,sevoflurane resulted in a significantly higher global longitudinal strain,stroke volume,and cardiac *** also led to an amelioration in the condition of the arterial ***,sevoflurane significantly reduced strain improvement in the segmental myocardium with a high preoperative strain *** findings need to be replicated in larger studies.

关键词： coronary artery bypass grafting speckle-tracking echocardiography sevoflurane transesophageal echocardiography

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高分子囊泡领域面临的挑战和未来研究方向

Science China Materials 2024年第1期67卷 18-30页

作者：石隽秋孙青梅王文立李畅尹海洋李浩澜滕润鑫范震朱云卿杜建忠 Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional ModulationClinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineTranslational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like IntelligenceShanghai Fourth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai 200434China Department of Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

作为细胞中的主要运输系统,天然囊泡在物质的定点输运过程中具有至关重要的作用.高分子囊泡是与之结构相似的一种人工囊泡,具有优异的膜稳定性和胶体稳定性、高药物负载率、低膜穿透性、优异的可修饰性和长循环时间等优势,在生物医用领... 详细信息

作为细胞中的主要运输系统,天然囊泡在物质的定点输运过程中具有至关重要的作用.高分子囊泡是与之结构相似的一种人工囊泡,具有优异的膜稳定性和胶体稳定性、高药物负载率、低膜穿透性、优异的可修饰性和长循环时间等优势,在生物医用领域具有广泛的应用前景.然而,目前该领域尚面临一系列重要挑战,如合成和制备方法较为复杂、生物相容性较难预测、功能和递送途径有限等,限制了其临床转化之路.本文从囊泡的构建模块合成、自组装技术和潜在的生物医学应用等角度,提出了设计和制备下一代高分子囊泡需要解决的五个关键科学问题,指出了未来面临的重要挑战和发展方向,例如简化设计和合成过程,优化和规范自组装过程,拓展潜在的应用前景.

关键词：生物医学应用胶体稳定性自组装技术运输系统膜稳定性输运过程穿透性高分子

Complementary and alternative medicine on cognitive defects and neuroinflammation after sepsis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第2期44卷 408-416页

作者： LI Zhenxuan WANG Xuerui Luis Ulloa Ayman Youssef BAI Yunjing XU Xiaolong LIU Qingquan Department of Infectious Diseases Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100010China Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic research with Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases Beijing 100010China Infection immunity laboratory Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese MedicineBeijing 100010China Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Center for perioperative Organ Protection Department of AnesthesiologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth Carolina 27710USA

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy(SAE)is a common manifestation of sepsis,ranging from mild confusion and delirium to severe cognitive impairment and deep *** is associated with higher mortality and long-term outcomes,particularly substantial declines in cognitive *** mechanisms of SAE probably include neuroinflammation that is mediated by systemic inflammation and ischemic lesions in the brain,a disrupted blood–brain barrier,oxidative stress,neurotransmitter dysfunction,and severe microglial *** evidence suggests that complementary and alternative medicine,especially Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM),is favorable in alleviating cognitive decline after ***,we summarized the studies of traditional herbal remedies,TCM formulas and acupuncture therapy in animal models of neurological dysfunctions after sepsis in recent decades and reviewed their potential mechanisms.

关键词： sepsis-associated encephalopathy cognitive dysfunction complementary therapies neuroinflammatory diseases medicine Chinese traditional review