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Identification of a dual functional betulinic acid analog for the treatment of osteoarthritis by phenotypic screening

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期 300-302页

作者： Ze-Min Lin Mai Xiang Wen-Hui Wei Shu-Hui Fan Li Chen Jie Wang Xiao-Qian Yang Chun-Hao Yang Shi-Jun He Jian-Ping Zuo Laboratory of Immunopharmacology State Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences School of Pharmacy University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Drug research Department of Medicinal ChemistryShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences Innovation research institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Experiment Center for Science and Technology Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Dear Editor, Phenotypic drug discovery, which observes compound effects on physiology,has given way to targeting specific molecules, but has revived by using modern methods to find drugs based on therapeutic outcomes in disease models(Vincent et al., 2022). Osteoarthritis(OA) is a prevalent chronic joint disorder, primarily affecting knee joints, with osteoclast activation due to low-grade inflammation resulting in increased bone resorption and structural changes in the joint(Katz et al.,2021).

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通过受控晶体应变揭示PtCo双金属固体溶液中增强的氧还原活性（英文）

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Science China Materials 2025年第1期 180-188页

作者：贺宁吴胜强俞文松金方润谢文俊鲁欣欣赵晓续陈仲欣涂文广唐叔贤 School of Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking University School of Materials Science and Engineering Huaqiao University Petro China Shenzhen New Energy research institute institute of Materials Science and Devices Suzhou University of Science and Technology

开发用于氧还原反应（ORR）的低成本、高活性铂（Pt）基电催化剂对于燃料电池的广泛应用至关重要.一种有效的方法在于将Pt与非贵过渡金属合金化,以调节Pt表面的物理化学状态.然而,由于合金化过程中成分、晶体类型和表面结构的复杂性,在...

开发用于氧还原反应（ORR）的低成本、高活性铂（Pt）基电催化剂对于燃料电池的广泛应用至关重要.一种有效的方法在于将Pt与非贵过渡金属合金化,以调节Pt表面的物理化学状态.然而,由于合金化过程中成分、晶体类型和表面结构的复杂性,在理解结构-性能关系方面仍然存在巨大挑战.在本研究中,我们使用液相合成方法合成了一系列不同比例的PtCo双金属固溶体.通过利用固溶体的特性,所得的PtCo双金属合金保持了面心立方晶体结构,最大限度地减少了合金化过程中引入的复杂性,有利于活性机理分析.此外,在受控合金成分和晶体结构下,我们研究了氧还原反应的电催化活性对铂催化剂表面应变的依赖性.据此设计的S-PtCo-SNPs阴极赋予了质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）(2.08 W cm-2,4 A cm-2)和锌-空气电池（ZAB）(143.1m W cm-2,214.5m A cm-2)出色的性能.

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Bioactive materials from berberine-treated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells accelerate tooth extraction socket healing through the jaw vascular unit

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Ruyu Wang Tianxiao Wang Ziyu Chen Jiandong Jiang Yifei Du Hua Yuan Yongchu Pan Yuli Wang Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine Nanjing Medical University Department of Stomatology Chongzhou People's Hospital Medical Basic research Innovation Centre for Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases Ministry of Education International Joint Laboratory for Drug Target of Critical Illnesses School of PharmacyNanjing Medical University institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Department of Orthodontic The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Centre of Stomatological Translational Medicine Nanjing Medical University

Delayed tooth extraction socket(TES) healing can cause failure of subsequent oral implantation and increase socioeconomic burden on patients. Excessive amounts of M1 macrophages, apoptotic neutrophils(ANs), and neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs) impair alveolar bone regeneration during TES healing. In the present study, we first discovered that conditioned medium(CM) collected from berberine-treated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BBR-HB-CM) accelerated TES healing. BBR-HB-CM contained bioactive materials that promoted the polarization of macrophages from M1 to M2, impeded the formation of ANs and NETs, and modulated M2 macrophage efferocytosis in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, BBR-HB-CM promoted bone formation by inhibiting macrophage-myofibroblast transition and reprogrammed macrophage polarization through p85/AKT/mTOR pathway-dependent autophagy. The 3-methyladenine abolished the therapeutic effects of BBR-HB-CM. Further studies revealed that BBR-HB-CM accelerated TES healing in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Overall, our results demonstrated that BBR-HB-CM had high potential to promote rapid TES healing.

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Generation of brain vascular heterogeneity:recent advances from the perspective of angiogenesis

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2013-2014页

作者： Nathanael J.Lee Ryota L.Matsuoka Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Molecular Medicine Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of MedicineCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Heterogeneous proper t i es of vascular endothelial cells in the brain:The brain displays large energy dynamics and consumption,and this high level of metabolic demands is fulfilled by a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen through its vascular *** vasculature consists of highly divergent blood vessel branches,giving rise to a dense network of capillaries that supply blood to all cells across the *** elaborated vascular network is thought to develop via angiogenesis,a process in which new blood vessels grow from pre-existing *** capillaries exhibit organotypic features distinct from other tissues and are formed primarily by two major endothelial cell(EC)types:those that form the semi-permeable blood-brain barrier(BBB)and those that develop highly permeable pores known as fenestrae(Matsuoka et al.,2022).The structural and functional differences between BBB and fenestrated vascular ECs represent a fundamental feature of brain vasculature and form the foundation for both brain function and homeostasis.

关键词： angiogenesis homeostasis network

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Cobalamin-dependent radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine protein functions with a partner to successively methylate tricyclic indole alkaloid for chuangxinmycin maturation and derivatization

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Science China Chemistry 2025年第1期 308-316页

作者： Sili Wang Jiancheng Huang Yanan Du Wei Huang Yufeng Xue Xiaokun Xu Guannan Zhong Yuanyuan Shi Bin Hong Xiaoying Bian Wen Liu State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong University National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Microbial Drugs Institute of Medicinal BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College

Cobalamin(Cbl)-dependent radical S-adenosyl-L-methionine(SAM) proteins constitute the largest collection of the radical SAM superfamily that has hundreds of thousands of individual members. Many of these proteins are involved in the biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important natural products to catalyze chemically demanding reactions. In the biosynthetic pathway of chuangxinmycin(CXM), a unique indole alkaloid antibiotic with potent anti-infective activity, functionalization of the characteristic thiopyrano[4,3,2-cd]indole scaffold by regio-and stereoselective C3-methylation is believed to rely on a Cbl-dependent radical process, which, however, remained to be reconstituted biochemically. We here report the dissection of this enzymatic process, which requires the incorporation of Cxm8, a Cbl-dependent radical SAM protein, with Cxm9, a DUF5825family protein that shares no homology to any proteins of known functions. Cxm8 and Cxm9 function together by forming an unexpected heterodimeric complex that selectively catalyzes C3-methylation of the tricyclic indole-S-hetero ring system in a successive manner, achieving CXM and a recently identified, C3-dimethylated congener. Detailed biochemical characterization,isotope labeling, structural simulation and bioinformatics analysis rationalized the catalysis of the Cxm8/Cxm9 complex and particularly the necessity of the DUF5825 protein for C3-methylase activity. This is the first example that a Cbl-dependent protein acts with a partner to exhibit radical SAM activity.

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Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 71-78页

作者： Song He Li Li Sai Wang Shao-Jiang Wang Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin University School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University Max Planck institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein institute) CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition, yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT) left undetermined. At specific baryon chemical potential, the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon asymmetry. It, therefore, provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs) within the standard model of particle physics. If these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA) observations, the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained, and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

Localizing base stations with measured data:a concatenated image-based deep learning approach

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年

作者： Yang CHEN Ziyuan LIU Feng JIANG Hong SHEN Wei XU Mengyu LI Ritao CHENG National Mobile Communications research Laboratory Southeast University China Mobile Group Design institute Co. Ltd.

Localization has become an indispensable function of modern cellular communication systems[1]. In a cloud radio access network （C-RAN）, the remote radio head （RRH） is the actual signal transmitter, whose location ...

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Recent Advances in Artificial Sensory Neurons:Biological Fundamentals,Devices,Applications,and Challenges

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 168-216页

作者： Shuai Zhong Lirou Su Mingkun Xu Desmond Loke Bin Yu Yishu Zhang Rong Zhao Guangdong institute of Intelligence Science and Technology HengqinZhuhai 519031People’s Republic of China College of Integrated Circuits Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 3112000People’s Republic of China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China Department of Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and DesignSingapore 487372Singapore Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Center for Brain‑Inspired Computing research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China IDG/McGovern institute for Brain research Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Spike-based neural networks,which use spikes or action potentialsto represent information,have gained a lot of attention because of their high energyefficiency and low power *** fully leverage its advantages,convertingthe external analog signals to spikes is an essential *** including analog-to-digital converters or ring oscillators,and sensorssuffer from high power and area *** efforts are devoted to constructingartificial sensory neurons based on emerging devices inspired by the biologicalsensory *** can simultaneously perform sensing and spike conversion,overcoming the deficiencies of traditional sensory *** review summarizesand benchmarks the recent progress of artificial sensory *** starts with thepresentation of various mechanisms of biological signal transduction,followed bythe systematic introduction of the emerging devices employed for artificial ***,the implementations with different perceptual capabilitiesare briefly outlined and the key metrics and potential applications are also ***,we highlight the challenges and perspectives for the future development of artificial sensory neurons.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Emerging devices Artificial sensory neurons Spiking neural networks Neuromorphic sensing

Mechanistic insight into the synergy between nickel single atoms and nanoparticles on N-doped carbon for electroreduction of CO2

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 327-336页

作者： Mingdong Sun Wenwen Guan Cailing Chen Chao Wu Xiaoling Liu Biao Meng Tao Chen Yu Han Jun Wang Shibo Xi Yu Zhou State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical Engineering Nanjing Tech University Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center Physical Sciences and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment A*STAR (Agency for Science Technology and Research) College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan University

The synergy of single atoms （SAs） and nanoparticles （NPs） has demonstrated great potential in promoting the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction （CO2RR）;however,the rationalization of the SAs/NPs proportion remains one challenge for the catalyst ***,a Ni2+-loaded porous poly（ionic liquids）(PIL) precursor synthesized through the free radical self-polymerization of the ionic liquid monomer,1-allyl-3-vinylimidazolium chloride,was pyrolyzed to prepare the Ni,N co-doped carbon materials,in which the proportion of Ni SAs and NPs could be facilely modulated by controlling the annealing *** catalyst Ni-NC-1000 with a moderate proportion of Ni SAs and NPs exhibited high efficiency in the electrocatalytic conversion of CO2into *** Ni K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure （XANES） spectra and theoretical calculations were conducted to gain insight into the synergy of Ni SAs and *** charge transfer from Ni NPs to the surrounding carbon layer and then to the Ni SAs resulted in the electron-enriched Ni SAs active *** the electroreduction of CO2,the coexistence of Ni SAs and NPs strengthened the CO2activation and the affinity towards the key intermediate of*COOH,lowering the free energy for the potential-determining*CO2→*COOH step,and therefore promoted the catalysis efficiency.

关键词： Activation energy