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Detection and management of oligometastatic disease in oesophageal cancer and identification of prognostic factors: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2019年第9期11卷 741-749页

作者： Sara Jamel Karina Tukanova Sheraz Markar department surgery and Cancer Imperial College London

BACKGROUND Oesophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer worldwide.The prognosis of oesophageal cancer patients still remains poor.The 5-year survival rate rarely exceeds 5%in case of metastatic disease.Some patients may however present with oligometastasis which can be treated with loco-regional therapy.AIM To assess the current practice regarding the management of patients with oligometastatic oesophageal cancer and identify prognostic factors affecting survival following treatment for oligometastasis.METHODS A systematic search of the literature was performed in Cochrance Library,MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from September 1950 to January 2019.Relevant electronic databases were searched for studies assessing the clinical outcome of oligometastasis.RESULTS A total of 14 publications were included,of which 12 studies assessing metachronous oligometastasis and 2 on synchronous oligometastasis.All included articles evaluated the specific outcomes of metastasis,management modality and survival outcomes.The majority of the patients presented with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.The median disease free interval(time to recurrence)in patients was 19.6 mo and the overall survival reached 30.8 months.Unfavourable prognostic factors were assessed in eight studies and included time to recurrence20 mm),disease free interval(DFI)<12 mo,extra-pulmonary metastasis,primary tumour pathological stage III/IV.CONCLUSION Oligometastatic oesophageal cancer in selected patients is amenable to locoregional treatment,and the overall survival of this patient cohort may be improved with patient and tumour-specific treatments.

关键词： Oligometastasis Oesophageal cancer Neoplasm Liver Pulmonary

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Liver graft preservation methods during cold ischemia phase and normothermic machine perfusion

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal surgery 2019年第3期11卷 126-142页

作者： Konstantin Y Tchilikidi department of surgery Altai State Medical University

The growing demand for donor organs requires measures to expand donor pool.Those include extended criteria donors, such as elderly people, steatotic livers,donation after cardiac death, etc. Static cold storage to reduce metabolic requirements developed by Collins in late 1960 s is the mainstay and the golden standard for donated organ protection. Hypothermic machine perfusion provides dynamic organ preservation at 4°C with protracted infusion of metabolic substrates to the graft during the ex vivo period. It has been used instead of static cold storage or after it as short perfusion in transplant center. Normothermic machine perfusion(NMP) delivers oxygen, and nutrition at physiological temperature mimicking regular environment in order to support cellular function. This would minimize effects of ischemia/reperfusion injury.Potentially, NMP may help to estimate graft functionality before implantation into a recipient. Clinical studies demonstrated at least its non-inferiority or better outcomes vs static cold storage. Regular grafts donated after brain death could be safely preserved with convenient static cold storage. Except for prolonged ischemia time where hypothermic machine perfusion started in transplant center could be estimated to provide possible positive reconditioning effect. Use of hypothermic machine perfusion in regular donation instead of static cold storage or in extended criteria donors requires further investigation. Multicenter randomized clinical trial supposed to be completed in December 2021. Extended criteria donors need additional measures for graft storage and assessment until its implantation. NMP is actively evaluating promising method for this purpose.Future studies are necessary for precise estimation and confirmation to issue clinical practice recommendations.

关键词： Liver graft preservation Graft preservation solutions Static cold storage Hypothermic machine perfusion Normothermic machine perfusion Ischemia-reperfusion injury Marginal grafts Donation after cardiac death Extended criteria donors Transpla complications

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Diagnosis and management of acute complications in patients with colon cancer:bleeding,obstruction,and perforation

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2014年第3期26卷 331-340页

作者： Xue-Fei Yang Kai Pan department of surgery the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital department of Gastrointestinal surgery Shenzhen People's Hospital Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University

Among the colorectal cancers, the incidence of colon cancer has obviously increased. As a result, the actual incidence of colon cancer has exceeded that of rectal cancer, which dramatically changed the longexisting epidemiological profile. The acute complications of colon cancer include bleeding, obstruction, and perforation, which were among the common acute abdominal surgical conditions. The rapid and accurate diagnosis of these acute complications was very important, and laparoscopic techniques can be applied in abdominal surgery for management of the complications.

关键词： Colon cancer bleeding obstruction perforation

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Inflammatory cutaneous metastases originating from gastric cancer: A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第35期11卷 8411-8415页

作者： Lei Tian Zhi-Bin Ye Yun-Lei Du Qiao-Fang Li Li-Ya He Hong-Zhen Zhang department of Oncology Hebei General HospitalShijiazhuang 050051Hebei ProvinceChina department of Gastrointestinal surgery Hebei General HospitalShijiazhuang 050051Hebei ProvinceChina department of Emergency Hebei General HospitalShijiazhuang 050051Hebei ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Cutaneous metastasis with gastric cancer(GC)origin is extremely rare and associated with poor prognosis.Nodular type is the most common type,while other forms are extremely rare.CASE SUMMARY This study describes severe skin redness,swelling,pain,and fever in a 65-year-old man diagnosed with GC,whose left chest wall,left upper limb,and left back were mainly affected.Firstly,the patient was diagnosed with“lymphangitis”and treated to promote lymphatic return.However,the symptoms were constantly deteriorating,and skin thickening and scattered small nodules gradually appeared.Finally,the skin biopsy confirmed cutaneous metastases,and the patient died 7 d later.CONCLUSION Our case highlights that cutaneous metastasis should be considered when skin lesions appear in patients with GC.

关键词： Cutaneous metastasis Gastric cancer Inflammatory Sclerodermoid Nodular Case report

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pediatric inhalation injury

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第4期5卷 237-242页

作者： Soman Sen Division of Burn surgery Department of Surgery University of California Davis Shriners Hospital for Children Northern California Sacramento USA

Smoke inhalation injury can cause severe physiologic perturbations. In pediatric patients, these perturbations cause profound changes in cardiac and pulmonary physiology. In this review, we examine the pathology, early management options, ventilator strategy, and long-term outcomes in pediatric patients who have suffered a smoke inhalation injury.

关键词： Inhalation injury Children Ventilator management Smoke inhalation Carbon monoxide

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“Cold”colorectal cancer faces a bottleneck in immunotherapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第2期15卷 240-250页

作者： Jia-Liang Liu Ming Yang Jun-Ge Bai Zheng Liu Xi-Shan Wang department of Colorectal surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

The advent of immunotherapy and the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are changing the way we think about cancer treatment.ICIs have shown clinical benefits in a variety of tumor types,and ICI-based immunotherapy has shown effective clinical outcomes in immunologically“hot”tumors.However,for immunologically“cold”tumors such as colorectal cancer(CRC),only a limited number of patients are currently benefiting from ICIs due to limitations such as individual differences and low response rates.In this review,we discuss the classification and differences between hot and cold CRC and the current status of research on cold CRC,and summarize the treatment strategies and challenges of immunotherapy for cold CRC.We also explain the mechanism,biology,and role of immunotherapy for cold CRC,which will help clarify the future development of immunotherapy for cold CRC and discovery of more emerging strategies for the treatment of cold CRC.

关键词： Immunotherapy “Cold”colorectal cancer Immune checkpoint inhibitors Cancer treatment Review

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Acute-on-chronic liver failure in children

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第10期13卷 1289-1298页

作者： Ali Islek Gokhan Tumgor department of pediatric Gastroenterology Cukurova University School of MedicineAdana 01330Turkey

Although various complex definitions of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)have been suggested in relation to adult patients,there is currently no universal definition of the syndrome in pediatric patients.In simplified terms,ACLF is characterized by the acute deterioration of the liver functions due to the effects of a precipitating factor on the basis of a chronic liver disease.Acute events and underlying liver diseases are very different in children from those seen in adults.Moreover,acute events and underlying chronic liver diseases vary among geographical regions,although it seems that the most common such diseases and acute events are autoimmune hepatitis,Wilson’s disease,and their flares.ACLF is associated with a poor prognosis.While no scoring systems have been developed to predict the prognosis for children with ACLF,modified versions of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the liver’s acute-on-chronic liver failure scoring system and the Chronic Liver Failure-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment criteria can be used in children until specific and validated scoring systems are available.Aside from liver transplantation,there is no proven treatment for ACLF.Thus,the early recognition of ACLF prior to the development of extrahepatic organ failure is important.

关键词： Liver failure Prognosis Prevalence Clinics Histopathology Scoring systems Treatment

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Tumor neoantigens: Novel strategies for application of cancer immunotherapy

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Oncology Research 2023年第4期31卷 437-448页

作者： HANYANG GUAN YUE WU LU LI YABING YANG SHENGHUI QIU ZHAN ZHAO XIAODONG CHU JIASHUAI HE ZUYANG CHEN YIRAN ZHANG HUI DING JINGHUA PAN YUNLONG PAN department of General surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China department of Gynecology Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing Maternity and Child Health Care HospitalNanjing210004China department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan UniversityGuangzhou510630China

Neoantigen-targeted immunotherapy is a rapidly advancing field that holds great promise for treating cancer.The recognition of antigens by immune cells is a crucial step in tumor-specific killing,and neoantigens generated by mutations in cancer cells possess high immunogenicity and are selectively expressed in tumor cells,making them an attractive therapeutic target.Currently,neoantigens find utility in various domains,primarily in the realm of neoantigen vaccines such as DC vaccines,nucleic acid vaccines,and synthetic long peptide vaccines.Additionally,they hold promise in adoptive cell therapy,encompassing tumor-infiltrating cells,T cell receptors,and chimeric antigen receptors which are expressed by genetically modified T cells.In this review,we summarized recent progress in the clinical use of tumor vaccines and adoptive cell therapy targeting neoantigens,discussed the potential of neoantigen burden as an immune checkpoint in clinical settings.With the aid of state-of-the-art sequencing and bioinformatics technologies,together with significant advancements in artificial intelligence,we anticipated that neoantigens will be fully exploited for personalized tumor immunotherapy,from screening to clinical application.

关键词： Immunotherapy Tumor vaccine Adoptive T cell therapy Chimeric antigen receptor

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Two cases of duodenal obstruction due to a congenital web

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第8期14卷 1305-1307页

作者： Mehmet Melek Yesim Elcuman Edirne department of pediatric surgery Yüzüncü Yl University Faculty of Medicine Van 65100 Turkey

We present two cases of windsock deformity;both were rare in location and one had a rare associated anomaly. In the first case, the windsock was observed in the fourth part of duodenum, causing partial intestinal obst... 详细信息

关键词：新生儿十二指肠阻塞风向袋缺损先天性疾病

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Long noncoding RNA RP4 functions as a competing endogenous RNA through miR-7-5p sponge activity in colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第9期24卷 1004-1012页

作者： Mu-Lin Liu Qiao Zhang Xiao Yuan Long Jin Li-Li Wang Tao-Tao Fang Wen-Bin Wang department of Gastrointestinal surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College department of General surgery the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University department of General surgery the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University

AIM To investigate the role of long noncoding RNA(lnc RNA) RP4 in colorectal cancer.METHODS Lentivirus-mediated lnc RNA RP4 overexpression and knockdown were performed in the colorectal cancer cell line SW480. Cell proliferation, tumor growth, and early apoptosis were evaluated by a cell counting kit-8 assay, an in vivo xenograft tumor model, and annexin V/propidium iodide staining, respectively. Analysis of the lnc RNA RP4 mechanism involved assessment of the association of its expression with mi R-7-5 p and the SH3 GLB1 gene. Western blot analysis was also performed to assess the effect of lnc RNA RP4 on the autophagy-mediated cell death pathway and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3 K)/Akt signaling.RESULTS Cell proliferation, tumor growth, and early apoptosis in SW480 cells were negatively regulated by lnc RNA RP4. Functional experiments indicated that lnc RNA RP4 directly upregulated SH3 GLB1 expression by acting as a competing endogenous RNA(ce RNA) for mi R-7-5 p. This interaction led to activation of the autophagy-mediated cell death pathway and de-repression of PI3 K and Akt phosphorylation in colorectal cancer cells in vivo.CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that lnc RNA RP4 is a ce RNA that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, and could be a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer treatment.

关键词： Colorectal cancer long noncoding RNA RP4 SH3GLB1 miR-7-5p competing endogenous RNA

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