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Anterior mediastinal masses and thymic cysts

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第4期13卷 1-7页

作者： ÖnerÖzdemir Department of pediatric Allergy and Immunology Sakarya Research and Training HospitalSakarya University Medical FacultyAdapazarı54100SakaryaTürkiye

Cystic lesions of the anterior mediastinum in children suggest a well-known group of benign lesions that are comparatively *** cysts(TCs)are mostly positioned in the anterior mediastinum and some patients in the *** TCs classified as congenital intra-thoracic mesothelial cysts are commonly asymptomatic and have slight clinical *** TC,which can mimic another anterior mediastinal cystic tumor and is seen in adults,is more clinically *** is a sporadic mediastinal lesion thought to arise in the course of acquired *** mediastinal cysts represent 3%-6%of all mediastinal tumors and 10%-18%of radiologically reported mediastinal *** TCs are uncommon and it is hard to know their true *** 60%of cases with mediastinal TCs are asymptomatic,and the remainder of patients complains of nonspecific symptoms(e.g.,chest pain,dyspnea,or cough).The literature suggests that most cysts are benign,but an indefinite percentage may have a neoplastic process and result in significant compressive symptoms over *** symptoms of TCs vary depending on the *** addition,frequent symptoms at the appearance of enlarged benign thymic and mediastinal cysts generally contain compressive symptoms(e.g.,respiratory distress,thymic pain,and symptoms related to Horner syndrome,hoarseness,dysphonia,dyspnea,orthopnea,wheezing,and fever).Many TCs have cystic density and a neat border and are simple to diagnose with radiological ***,some TCs are hard to identify before surgery and may be misidentified as thymomas depending on their site and computed tomography *** by thoracotomy,median sternotomy,or video-assisted techniques is essential for conclusive diagnosis,management,and abolition of relapse of anterior mediastinal masses and *** examination may be required after *** the extent of the mass and the preliminary inability to make a definitiv

关键词： Mediastinal mass Thymic cyst Malignant tumor Cysts Thymoma Computer tomography

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Chondroitinase ABC combined with Schwann cell transplantation enhances restoration of neural connection and functional recovery following acute and chronic spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1467-1482页

作者： Wenrui Qu Xiangbing Wu Wei Wu Ying Wang Yan Sun Lingxiao Deng Melissa Walker Chen Chen Heqiao Dai Qi Han Ying Ding Yongzhi Xia George Smith Rui Li Nai-Kui Liu Xiao-Ming Xu Spinal Cord and Brain Injury research Group Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteDepartment of Neurological SurgeryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Hand Surgery the Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina Shriners Hospitals pediatric research Center Temple University School of MedicinePhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Anatomy&Cell Biology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA

Schwann cell transplantation is considered one of the most promising cell-based therapy to repair injured spinal cord due to its unique growth-promoting and myelin-forming properties.A the Food and Drug Administration-approved Phase I clinical trial has been conducted to evaluate the safety of transplanted human autologous Schwann cells to treat patients with spinal cord injury.A major challenge for Schwann cell transplantation is that grafted Schwann cells are confined within the lesion cavity,and they do not migrate into the host environment due to the inhibitory barrier formed by injury-induced glial scar,thus limiting axonal reentry into the host spinal *** we introduce a combinatorial strategy by suppressing the inhibitory extracellular environment with injection of lentivirus-mediated transfection of chondroitinase ABC gene at the rostral and caudal borders of the lesion site and simultaneously leveraging the repair capacity of transplanted Schwann cells in adult rats following a mid-thoracic contusive spinal cord *** report that when the glial scar was degraded by chondroitinase ABC at the rostral and caudal lesion borders,Schwann cells migrated for considerable distances in both rostral and caudal *** Schwann cell migration led to enhanced axonal regrowth,including the serotonergic and dopaminergic axons originating from supraspinal regions,and promoted recovery of locomotor and urinary bladder ***,the Schwann cell survival and axonal regrowth persisted up to 6 months after the injury,even when treatment was delayed for 3 months to mimic chronic spinal cord *** findings collectively show promising evidence for a combinatorial strategy with chondroitinase ABC and Schwann cells in promoting remodeling and recovery of function following spinal cord injury.

关键词： axonal regrowth bladder function chondroitinase ABC functional recovery glial scar lentivirus migration Schwann cell spinal cord injury transplantation

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Cortico-striatal gamma oscillations are modulated by dopamine D3 receptors in dyskinetic rats

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第4期20卷 1164-1177页

作者： Pengfei Wang Yuewei Bi Min Li Jiazhi Chen Zhuyong Wang Huantao Wen Ming Zhou Minjie Luo Wangming Zhang Neurosurgery Center Department of Pediatric NeurosurgeryGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and RegenerationZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Long-term levodopa administration can lead to the development of levodopa-induced *** oscillations are a widely recognized hallmark of abnormal neural electrical activity in levodopa-induced ***,studies have reported increased oscillation power in cases of levodopa-induced ***,little is known about how the other electrophysiological parameters of gamma oscillations are altered in levodopa-induced ***,the role of the dopamine D3 receptor,which is implicated in levodopa-induced dyskinesia,in movement disorder-related changes in neural oscillations is *** found that the cortico-striatal functional connectivity of beta oscillations was enhanced in a model of Parkinson’s ***,levodopa application enhanced cortical gamma oscillations in cortico-striatal projections and cortical gamma aperiodic components,as well as bidirectional primary motor cortex(M1)↔dorsolateral striatum gamma *** of PD128907(a selective dopamine D3 receptor agonist)induced dyskinesia and excessive gamma oscillations with a bidirectional M1↔dorsolateral striatum ***,administration of PG01037(a selective dopamine D3 receptor antagonist)attenuated dyskinesia,suppressed gamma oscillations and cortical gamma aperiodic components,and decreased gamma causality in the M1→dorsolateral striatum *** findings suggest that the dopamine D3 receptor plays a role in dyskinesia-related oscillatory activity,and that it has potential as a therapeutic target for levodopa-induced dyskinesia.

关键词： aperiodic components dopamine D3 receptor dorsolateral striatum functional connectivity gamma oscillations levodopa-induced-dyskinesia local field potentials neuromodulation Parkinson’s disease primary motor cortex

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Tonsillitis in children: unnecessary laboratory studies and antibiotic use

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World Journal of pediatrics 2016年第1期12卷 114-117页

作者： Antti Kunnamo Matti Korppi Merja Helminen pediatric research centre Tampere University and Univesity HospitalTampereFinland

Background:The Finnish Current Care Guidelines on diagnostics and treatment of sore throat recommend the treatment of only group A streptococcus(GAS)positive cases with *** aim of the study was to evaluate how these guidelines are followed in the pediatric emergency ***:We analyzed retrospectively the data on microbiological studies and blood tests done,and data on prescribing of antibiotics,of 200 children admitted for febrile exudative ***:After the clinical diagnosis of exudative tonsillitis,antigen test and/or culture for GAS identifi cation was done in>95%of *** the 32(16%)children with GAS infection,but also 52(38%)of the 137 children without any evidence of bacterial infection received *** laboratory studies were done in 96%of *** C-reactive concentrations or white blood cell counts were not able to separate streptococcal from non-streptococcal *** serious bacterial infection was ***:The Finnish Current Care Guidelines lead to over-treatment with *** of the 200 children returned after discharge,suggesting that undertreatment did not happen.

关键词： exudative tonsillitis streptococcal antigen test streptococcal culture

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Detection of virulent strains of Helicobacter pylori and its relation to symptoms and signs in children

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第1期3卷 59-62页

作者： Fayed S Abd El Dayem S Hussein H Sherief M El-Naghi S pediatric Department Al Azhar University pediatric Department National Research Centre Microbiology Department Al Azhar University pediatric Department National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research

Objective:To detect the prevalence of Helicobacter polori(***) in a group of pediatric patients complaining of gastrointestinal disorders,and to identify the virulent strains of H. pylori and its relation to peptic ***:The study included 60 patients(41 males and 19 females),aged from 6 months to 14 years,with complaining of different gastrointestinal *** IgG antibodies were *** examination of the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum was done in all patients using a fibreoptic *** addition, gastric antral biopsies were taken for diagnosis of *** infection in the following test: rapid urease test,histopathologic examination and *** cytotoxin assay of virulent strains was *** infection was diagnosed if 3 or more tests for diagnosis were found to be ***:33 out of 60 patients(55%) was positive.12(20%) patients had positive toxin producing strains(virulent strains).Virulent strain had a significantly closer relationship with recurrent abdominal pain,while no difference was found in other symptoms. Age of patients showed a highly significant positive correlation with virulent *** strain. Histopathological finding revealed that oesophagitis was significandy common in patients with negative *** and histopathological findings revealed that virulent strain had a significandy higher gastritis and oesophagitis ***:Infection by virulent strains of *** in children is not uncommon:It is associated with endoscopic and histopathologic *** cases infected with virulent strain showed positive results by using rapid urease test,culture and IgG antibodies.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori IgG antibody pediatric Gastrointestinal disorder

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Genetics on early onset inflammatory bowel disease:An update

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Genes & Diseases 2020年第1期7卷 93-106页

作者： Johnson Nameirakpam Rashmi Rikhi Sanjay Singh Rawat Jyoti Sharma Deepti Suri pediatric Allergy and Immunology Unit Department of PediatricsAdvanced Pediatrics CentrePostgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is more common in adults than in *** of IBD before 17 years of age is referred as pediatric onset IBD and is further categorized as very early onset IBD(VEO-IBD)for children who are diagnosed before 6 years of age,infantile IBD who had the disease before 2 years of age and neonatal onset IBD for children less than 28 days of *** presenting with early onset disease may have a monogenic *** and awareness of the clinical manifestations facilitates early evaluation and *** generation sequencing is helpful in making the genetic *** of childhood IBD is difficult;targeted therapies and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation form the *** this review we aim to summarize the genetic defects associated with IBD *** describe genetic location and functions of various genetic defect associated with VEO-IBD with their key clinical *** also provide clinical clues to suspect these conditions and approaches to the diagnosis of these disorders and suitable treatment options.

关键词： Il-10 signalling defect IPEX Next generation sequencing Targeted therapy Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease

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Enhanced autophagic clearance of amyloid-βvia histone deacetylase 6-mediated V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification protects against Alzheimer's disease in vitro and in vivo

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2633-2644页

作者： Zhimin Long Chuanhua Ge Yueyang Zhao Yuanjie Liu Qinghua Zeng Qing Tang Zhifang Dong Guiqiong He Institute of Neuroscience School of Basic Medical SciencesChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Anatomy Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Physiology Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina pediatric research Institute Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina National Clinical research Center for Child Health and Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina

Recent studies have suggested that abnormal acidification of lysosomes induces autophagic accumulation of amyloid-βin neurons,which is a key step in senile plaque ***,resto ring normal lysosomal function and rebalancing lysosomal acidification in neurons in the brain may be a new treatment strategy for Alzheimer's *** acetylation/deacetylation plays a central role in lysosomal ***,we show that inhibiting the classic microtubule deacetylase histone deacetylase 6 with an histone deacetylase 6 shRNA or thehistone deacetylase 6 inhibitor valproic acid promoted lysosomal reacidification by modulating V-ATPase assembly in Alzheimer's *** rthermore,we found that treatment with valproic acid markedly enhanced *** clearance of amyloid-βaggregates,and ameliorated cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's *** findings demonstrate a previously unknown neuroprotective mechanism in Alzheimer's disease,in which histone deacetylase 6 inhibition by valproic acid increases V-ATPase assembly and lysosomal acidification.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid-β APP/PS1 mice autophagy cognitive impairment histone deacetylase 6 lysosomal acidification microtubule acetylation valproic acid V-ATPase

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Chronic hepatitis B in children with or without malignancies:A 13-year follow-up

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第7期21卷 2073-2079页

作者： Merve Usta Nafiye Urganci Zeynep Yildiz Yildlrmak Sema Dogan Vural Department of pediatric Gastroen-terology Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Education and Research Hospital Department of pediatric Haematology Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Education and Research Hospital Department of pediatric Oncology Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Education and Research Hospital

AIM:To evaluate the outcome of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)in children with or without ***:Twenty four children(15 boys and 9 girls)with malignancies,followed up by the pediatric gastroenterology outpatient clinic for CHB between January 2000 and December 2013,were enrolled in the study(Group 1).Group 2 was formed with twenty five children(11 girls and14 boys)diagnosed with CHB without *** data from the patients’records were compared between the two ***:Hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag)/anti HBe seroconversion was observed in 3 patients(12.5%)in group 1 and 15 patients(60%)in group 2,with annual seroconversion rates of 1.61%and 16.6%,respectively,and the difference was significant(P<0.01).One patient(6.6%)in Group 1 and 9 patients(53%)in Group 2 showed HBe Ag/anti HBe seroconversion after treatment and the difference between the two groups was significant(P<0.06)Loss of hepatitis B surface antigen was observed in one patient in each of group1 and *** clinical,laboratory and imaging findings of liver disease were observed in any of the patients at the end of the ***:HBe Ag/anti HBe seroconversion rate was lower in patients who had recovered from cancer.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Children pediatric malignancies Seroconversion Course of the disease

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Degradation of intestinal mRNA:A matter of treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第12期21卷 3499-3508页

作者： Sabine Heumüller-Klug Carsten Sticht Karin Kaiser Elvira Wink Cornelia Hagl Lucas Wessel Karl-Herbert Schafer Department of pediatric Surgery Mannheim Medical University of Heidelberg Medical research centre Mannheim Medical University of Heidelberg University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern

AIM: To characterize the influence of location, species and treatment upon RNA degradation in tissue samples from the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: The intestinal samples were stored in different medium for different times under varyingconditions: different species(human and rat), varying temperature(storage on crushed ice or room temperature), time point of dissection of the submucous-mucous layer from the smooth muscle(before or after storage), different rinsing methods(rinsing with Medium, PBS, RNALater or without rinsing at all) and different regions of the gut(proximal and distal small intestine, caecum, colon and rectum). The total RNA from different parts of the gut(rat: proximal and distal small intestine, caecum, colon and rectum, human: colon and rectum) and individual gut layers(muscle and submucosal/mucosal) was extracted. The quality of the RNA was assessed by micro capillary electrophoresis. The RNA quality was expressed by the RNA integrity number which is calculated from the relative height and area of the 18 S and 28 S RNA peaks. From rat distal small intestine q PCR was performed for neuronal and glial ***: RNA obtained from smooth muscle tissue is much longer stable than those from submucosal/mucosal tissue. At RT muscle RNA degrades after one day, on ice it is stable at least three days. Cleaning and separation of gut layers before storage and use of RNALater, maintains the stability of muscle RNA at RT for much longer periods. Different parts of the gut show varying degradation periods. RNA obtained from the submucosal/mucosal layer always showed a much worse amplification rate than RNA from muscle tissue. In general RNA harvested from rat tissue, either smooth muscle layer or submucosal/mucosal layer is much longer stable than RNA from human gut tissue, and RNA obtained from smooth muscle tissue shows an increased stability compared to RNA from submucosal/mucosal tissue. At RT muscle RNA degrades after one day, while the stabilit

关键词： Key words:Intestinal RNA Degradation Storing conditions Flushing Cooling

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Relevance of epidemiology data in trauma management

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第9期13卷 65-67页

作者： Krishna Kumar Govindarajan Department of pediatric Surgery Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and ResearchPuducherry 605006India

Trauma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the globe accounting for significant health *** of trauma care revolves round prevention,planning and execution of safety *** of the actual data regarding the type of trauma,affected age group,timings of trauma occurrence,involved part of the body constitute the initial steps in the building of the composite overview of the epidemiology of *** succession,would be the measures directed towards avoidance of trauma and capacity building of trauma center.

关键词： Trauma Epidemiology Injury Prevention Triage Registry Artificial Intelligence

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