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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2018年第7期8卷 328-336页

作者： Maiga Belco Ba Hamidou Oumar Sacko Karamoko Dembélé Adama Sanogo Nouhoum Cissé Mohamed Elmouloud Togo Pierre Diakité Abdoul Aziz Dicko-Traoré Fatoumata Sylla Mariam pediatric department uh gt Bamako Mali Cardiology uh gt Bamako Mali

Introduction: Children’s heart disease is a major public health problem in developing countries and especially in Mali. The purpose of our work was to determine frequency, different types of heart disease and their short term evolution in the pediatric department. Methods: We performed a retrospective study among children aged 0 to 15 years, hospitalized in the pediatric department from January to December 2015 and whose diagnosis was confirmed using trans-thoracic echocardiography. Results: We included 103 cases of heart disease out of a total of 8613 admissions in the pediatric department, giving an hospital prevalence of 1.2%. Mean age was 4.1 years (from 1 day to 15 years) and children under 5 years were the most affected with 73.80% of cases. Male predominance was noted (sex ratio = 1.2). Respiratory distress was the most common circumstance of discovery (93.20%). Cardiac murmur and tachycardia were the most common cardiac signs with respectively 88.35% and 83.50%. Congenital heart disease accounted for 70.87% and was dominated by ventricular septal defect (VSD) with 30.13%. Acquired heart disease (29.13% of the sample) was dominated by mitral regurgitation (MR) with 56.67%. Mortality rate was 31.9% for congenital heart disease and 11.1% for acquired heart disease. Conclusion: children’s heart disease is responsible for high mortality. Early detection improves the management of this pathology, which remains frequent.

关键词： Cardiac Disease Congenital Acquired pediatric Bamako

Invasive Haemophilus influenzaeType b (Hib) Infections in Children in the pediatric department of the University Hospital Gabriel Touré(uh-gt)

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Open Journal of pediatrics 2021年第1期11卷 100-107页

作者： B. Maiga A. A. Diakité K. Sacko M. Sylla M. Maiga M. E. Cissé A. Dembélé F. Traoré D. Konaté F. L. Diakité L. Sidibé A. K. Doumbia O. Coulibaly P. Togo A. Touré K. Traoré L. Maiga A. Ibrahim H. Diall A. Doumbia H. Konare S. Sagara M. Niakaté A. Cissouma pediatric Departement University Hospital Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali

Introduction: According to Mali’s National Immunization Center, the Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) vaccine coverage rate was 90% in 2015. Our work aimed to study invasive bacterial infections due to Haemophilus influenzae type b in children aged 0 - 15 years hospitalized in the pediatrics department of the UH-GT. Method: We carried out a retrospective descriptive study from January 2017 to December 2018 (i.e. 2 years) among children aged 0 - 15 years and hospitalized for Haemophilus influenzae type b infection confirmed by culture (blood culture, Cerebro-spinal Fluid, and pleural and skin fluid). Results:

Efficacy of adhesive strapping on umbilical hernia in children:a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies

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World Journal of pediatric Surgery 2023年第4期6卷 206-216页

作者： Takuya Sugimoto Kazunori Tahara Koshi Uchida Kazuhiko Yoshimoto department of pediatric Surgery Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto HospitalKumamotoJapan

Background Although adhesive strapping(AS)for pediatric umbilical hernia(uh),which was once obsolete,has been reconsidered as a common practice in Japan,its efficacy is still unclear.This study aimed to evaluate its efficacy by reviewing related articles.Methods A comprehensive literature search of PubMed,Cochrane,Google Scholar,and Igaku Chuo Zasshi via Ichushi-Web was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.Cohort studies reporting on the uh closure rate after AS compared with observation-only management were included.Results A total of 10 cohort studies were included,and the overall uh closure rate was not statistically significant(p=0.31,risk ratio(RR)=0.76,95%confidence interval(CI)0.45 to 1.28).However,there were significant differences in the uh closure rate at the age of 6 months(puh compared with observation-only management did not differ in terms of the uh closure rate,the application of AS may be effective for faster uh closure and the prevention of protruding umbilici.However,due to the high heterogeneity of the study,further large-scale studies,particularly randomized controlled trials,are warranted to reach a conclusion.

关键词： hernia prevention closure

Ocular findings in children with thalassemia major in Eastern Mediterranean

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2014年第1期7卷 118-121页

作者： Adnan Aksoy Murat Aslankurt Lokman Aslan zlem Gül Mesut Garipard| Oguz elik Seydi Okumus Murat zdemir Gkhan zdemir department of Ophthalmology KSU Faculty of Medicine department of pediatric Haematology KSU Faculty of Medicine department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineGaziantep University

AIM: To investigate ophthalmologic findings in children with thalassemia major(TM) and compare the findings with healthy controls. ·METHODS: In a cross-sectional study,43 children with thalassemia major from pediatric hematology outpatient clinics from two university hospitals and age/sex matched 47 healthy children were included in the study. After a complete ophthalmic examination,tear function tests including the Schirmer test,fluorescein tear breakup time(BUT),ultrasound pachymetry,and axial length measurement were performed. Obtained data was recorded for statistical analysis and the values of right eyes were compared between groups. ·RESULTS: The mean best corrected visual acuity was 1.34 ±0.75 in TM and 1.08 ±0.28 in controls. It was found lower than 0.1 logMAR unit in 10(23.2%) children with TM and 2(4.2%) in controls,and the difference was statistically significant(P gt;0.05). The mean axial length was 22.53±0.50 in TM and 22.57±0.43mm in the control group. The mean Schirmer test score was 19.94±6.91 in TM and 24.22±3.95mm in the control group(P gt;0.05). ·CONCLUSION: In TM,while corneal thickness,axial length,and BUT are close to controls,the Schirmer scores are less than normal. The study revealed that TM may be affected by the tear function and visual acuity.

关键词： thalassemia major ocular findings tear function test central corneal thickness axial length

Hepatitis C genotype 4: The past, present, and future

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第28期7卷 2792-2810页

作者： Tawhida Y Abdel-Ghaffar Mostafa M Sira Suzan El Naghi pediatric department Ain Shams University Yassin Abdel Ghaffar Charity Center for Liver Disease and Research pediatric Hepatology department National Liver Institute Menofiya University pediatric department National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute

Hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotype(gt) 4 represents 12%-15%(15-18 million) of total global HCV infection. It is prevalent in Northern and Equatorial Africa and the Middle East, and is also present in some countries in Europe. gt-4(and subtype 4a in particular) dominates the HCV epidemic in Egypt. In underdeveloped countries, risk factors associated with HCV infection may be due to unsafe medical practices or other factors such as familial transmission, mother's HCV status, or illiteracy. HCV prevention and control programs should include health education, increased community awareness towards the disease, controlling infection distribution in healthcare centers, proper sterilization of medical and dental instruments, and ensuring safe supply of blood and blood-products. Response rates to a 48-wk combined pegylated-interferon(PEG-IFN) and ribavirin(RBV) treatment range from 40%-69%, and HCV-gt-4 has been considered better than gt-1 but worse than gt-2 and gt-3 in treatment with PEG-IFN/RBV. However, with the introduction of the HCV-gt-1 effective protease inhibitors boceprevir and telaprevir in 2011, HCV-gt-4 became the "most difficult(gt) to treat". Recently, the direct-acting antivirals(DAAs) with pan- genotypic activities simeprevir, sofosbuvir, and daclatasvir have been recommended in triple regimens with PEG-IFN/RBV for the treatment of HCV-gt-4. An IFN-free regimen will be available for treatment of all genotypes of HCV in the near future. To date, several DAAs have been developed and are currently being evaluated in various combinations in clinical trials. As new regimens and new agents are being approved by the Food and Drug Administration, we can expect the guidelines for HCV treatment to be changed. The availability of shorter, simpler, and more tolerable treatment regimens can reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with HCV infection. With such a large number of therapeutic agents available, we can end up with a range of choices that we can select from to treat patients.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Genotypes Transmission Pegylated-interferon Ribavirin Direct acting antivirals Hepatitis C virus vaccine

The Utility of Voided Urine Samples as a Proxy for the Vaginal Microbiome and for the Prediction of Bacterial Vaginosis

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2022年第4期4卷 149-156页

作者： Bin Zhu Christopher Diachok Laahirie Edupuganti David J.Edwards Jeffrey R.Donowitz Katherine Tossas Andrey Matveyev Katherine M.Spaine Vladimir Lee Myrna G.Serrano Gregory A.Buck department of Microbiology and Immunology School of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA Center for Microbiome Engineering and Data Analysis Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research College of Humanities and SciencesVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA department of pediatric Infectious Diseases Children's Hospital of Richmond at Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA department of Infectious Diseases and International Health University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA department of Health Behavior and Policy School of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA department of Family Medicine and Population Health School of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA Computer Science department College of EngineeringVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA Genomics Core Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA

Recent work has shown that the vaginal microbiome exerts a strong impact on women's gynecological health.However,collection of vaginal specimens is invasive and requires previous clinical training or the involvement of a trained clinician.In contrast,urine sample collection is routine and noninvasive and does not require involvement of a clinician.We sought to compare the vaginal and urogenital microbiomes to assess the utility of voided urine samples as a proxy for the vaginal microbiome.Paired urogenital and vaginal samples were collected from pregnant women and characterized by 16S rRNA taxonomic profiling.We examined diversities and compositions of paired urogenital and vaginal microbiomes using five discrete strategies to explore the similarity between the vaginal and urogenital microbiomes.A strategy comparing the paired urogenital and vaginal microbiomes in which taxa were assigned using the STIRRUPS database and urine-specific taxa were removed showed no significant difference in diversity and composition between the paired urogenital and vaginal microbiomes.Moreover,the relative abundances of common vaginal taxa were linearly correlated with those in the paired urogenitalmicrobiomes.These similarities suggest that voided urine samples could represent a noninvasive protocol for accurate profiling of the vaginalmicrobiome with likely clinical applications.Finally,a machine learning model was established in which the voided urine microbiome was compared favorably to the vaginal microbiome in predicting bacterial vaginosis.

关键词： 16S rRNA vaginal microbiome urine microbiome bacterial vaginosis reproductive and gynecologic health

Diagnostic accuracy of enhanced liver fibrosis test to assess liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第5期12卷 500-507页

作者： Roberto Catanzaro Michele Milazzo Silvia Arona Chiara Sapienza Dario Vasta Domenico Arcoria Francesco Marotta department of Medical and pediatric Sciences Institute of Internal Medicine "A. Francaviglia"Section of Gastro-enterologyUniversity of Catania"G. Rodolico" Hospital Laboratory analysis "MedLab-Analisi Cliniche" Specialist in diabetes and metabolic diseases ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention

BACKGROUND:The prognosis and clinical management of patients with chronic liver diseases are closely related to the severity of liver fibrosis.Liver biopsy is considered the gold standard for the staging of liver fibrosis.However,it is an invasive test sometimes related to complications.This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of enhanced liver fibrosis(ELF) test to predict liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.METHODS:This study included 162 patients with liver disease and 67 healthy controls.Hyaluronic acid,tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase type 1,and amino-terminal propeptide type III procollagen were measured by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay with the ELF test ADVIA Centaur(Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc.).Fibrosis stage was determined using the Metavir scoring system.RESULTS:In our study,for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis(Metavir F≥2) a cut-off value >7.72 provides a sensitivity of 93.0% and a specificity of 83.0%.The areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve,sensitivity,specificity,and positive and negative predictive values were 0.94,93.3%,81.0%,93.3%,and 81.0%,respectively(Pgt;9.3 provides a sensitivity of 93.0% and a specificity of 86.0%.The areas under the receiver operator characteristic curve,sensitivity,specificity,and positive and negative predictive values were 0.94,79.1%,90.8%,75.6%,and 92.3%,respectively(P<0.001).CONCLUSIONS:The ELF test is a promising non-invasive method for assessing liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C.It is effective in the diagnosis of both fibrosis and cirrhosis.

关键词： enhanced liver fibrosis test non-invasive diagnosis liver fibrosis blood marker

Lef1 may contribute to agenesis of the third molars in mice

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2013年第5期3卷 281-286页

作者： Takehiko Shimizu Takahiro Ichinosawa Yuri Kiguchi Fusae Ishida Takahide Maeda department of pediatric Dentistry Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan

Tooth agenesis is the most common developmental anomaly of the human dentition. Epilepsy-like disorder (EL) mice, which have a 100% incidence of agenesis of the third molars, may be a good model for the genetic study of human tooth agenesis. Our previous congenic breeding strategy using EL mice confined a major locus for agenesis of M3, designated am3, within an approximately 1 Mega base pair (Mbp) interval on chromosome 3, which contains five known genes;Lef1, Hadh, Cyp2u1, Sgms2 and Papss1. The aim of this study was to identify the strongest candidate for am3 among the five genes using real-time PCR analysis. The tooth germs of M3 in the bud stage of EL and control mice were dissected out, and total RNA was extracted. In real-time PCR analysis, a significantly low level of expression of Lef1, which is one of the essential transcription factors for early tooth development, was observed in M3 of EL mice. In addition, a significantly low level of expression of Fgf4, which is a direct transcriptional target for LEF1 in early tooth development, was observed in M3 of EL mice. Our results suggest that the cause of M3 agenesis of EL mice may be a low level of Lef1 expression in M3 in the bud stage of EL mice.

关键词： Hypodontia Gene Expression EL Mice

Distinct Cytokine Profiles in Patients with Oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis after inVitroBlockade of Interleukin (IL)-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α

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World Journal of Vaccines 2014年第3期4卷 110-122页

作者： Martina Kirchner Leo Strothmann Anja Sonnenschein Wilma Mannhardt-Laakmann Division of pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Pediatrics University Hospital of Mainz Mainz Germany

Oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (oJIA) is an antigen-driven and lymphocyte-mediated autoimmune disorder with irregularity in the adaptive immune system. Auto reactive T cells, activated by cartilage-derived auto antigens, produce pro-inflammatory cytokines as IFN-γ and IL-17. Failure of regulatory T cells leads to decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 production and results in the loss of immune tolerance. This activation of innate and adaptive immunity stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α. Thus, inhibition of these cytokines is considered as an appropriate therapeutic strategy for oJIA. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the blockade of a single cytokine pathway in the present cytokine setting causes an unfavourable imbalance in the cytokine system or whether the blockade is sufficient to suppress the inflammatory condition. We examined the cytokine secretion after in vitro inhibition of IL-1 and TNF-α of patients with oJIA and healthy subjects. This single center cohort study consisted of oJIA affected children and control subjects. Cytokine profiles from cell culture supernatants were examined with multiplex fluorescent bead immunoassay by flow cytometry. Adalimumab prevents highly effective and very selective effect of the cytokine TNF-α. Due to its structure, the mode of action of etanercept is difficult to display. In addition, adalimumab and etanercept appear in vitro suppressive to IFN-γ. The efficiency of both substances is particularly supported by the increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4. In contrast, anakinra unselectively inhibits the pro-inflammatory macrophage cytokines. To conclude, our observations suggest that inhibition of IL-1 or TNF-α may contribute to the unselective decline of other pro-inflammatory cytokines in oJIA patients. The selective anti-inflammatory effect of cytokine inhibitors is most likely supported by an increase of IL-4 or IL-10. It still remains to be elucidated whether the reduced IFN-γ s

关键词： Oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Cytokine Inhibition

The Diagnostic Value of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Angiostrongylus cantonensisEncephalitis/Meningitis

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2021年第9期11卷 216-226页

作者： Xiaowei Fan Qiang Wang Peiqing Li Bin Ai Yongling Song Qiuyan Peng Hongli Wang pediatric Emergency department Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China pediatric Radiology department Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China pediatric Gastroenterology department Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China

Objective: Angiostrongylus cantonensis (A. cantonensis) is an important parasite, which causes neurological infection in children, and is generally difficult to diagnose. We analyzed the significance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in diagnosing A. cantonensis encephalitis/meningitis in children to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis. Methods: The case collection of A. cantonensis encephalitis/meningitis was from July 2018 to August 2020. The patients’ clinical characteristics and pathogen were described, and diagnostic sensitivity methods for A. cantonensis encephalitis/meningitis were compared and analyzed, including parasite antibody detection and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) detection in different samples. Results: Eleven cases were diagnosed with A. cantonensis encephalitis/meningitis, including six males (54.5%) and five females (45.5%), and the age ranged from 1 to 13 years with a median of 21 months (IQR: 15.6, 96). All patients were undiagnosed upon admission, of which ten cases had neurological symptoms or signs, six cases (54.5%) had a history of definite or suspicious exposure to parasites, and eight cases (72.7%) had abnormal changes in cranial MRI. The results of A. cantonensis antibodies in the peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were compared with CSF’s metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). The antibody-positive rate of peripheral blood was 54.5%, CSF antibody-positive rate was 27.2%, and mNGS-positive rate of CSF was 81.8%, and the positive diagnostic rate of the latter was significantly higher than the former two (p = 0.035 p = 0.030 Conclusion: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing has a higher positive rate for diagnosing infection and plays an important role in clarifying diagnosis and reducing misdiagnosis.

关键词： Angiostrongylus cantonensis Encephalitis Meningitis Diagnosis Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing