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Plasma Membrane-Associated SCAR Complex Subunits Promote Cortical F-Actin Accumulation and Normal Growth Characteristics in Arabidopsis Roots

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Molecular Plant 2008年第6期1卷 990-1006页

作者： Julia Dyachok Mon-Ray Shao Kevin Vaughn Andrew Bowling Michelle Facette Stevan Djakovic Lauren Clark Laurie Smith Section of Cell and Developmental Biology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093-0116 USA Southern Weed Science Research Unit USDA-ARS 141 Experiment Station Road Stoneville MS 38776 USA Carnegie Institution Department of Plant Biology 260 Panama Street Stanford CA 94305 USA Present address: Division of Plant Biology The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation 2510 Sam Noble Pkwy Ardmore OK 73401 USA Present address: Section of Neurobiology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093-0116 USA

The ARP2/3 complex, a highly conserved nucleator of F-actin polymerization, and its activator, the SCAR complex, have been shown to play important roles in leaf epidermal cell morphogenesis in Arabidopsis. However, the intracellular site（s） and function（s） of SCAR and ARP2/3 complex-dependent actin polymerization in plant cells remain unclear. We demonstrate that putative SCAR complex subunits BRK1 and SCAR1 are localized to the plasma membrane at sites of cell growth and wall deposition in expanding cells of leaves and roots. BRK1 localization is SCAR-dependent, providing further evidence of an association between these proteins in vivo. Consistent with plasma membrane localization of SCAR complex subunits, cortical F-actin accumulation in root tip cells is reduced in brkl mutants. Moreover, mutations disrupting the SCAR or ARP2/3 complex reduce the growth rate of roots and their ability to penetrate semi-solid medium, suggesting reduced rigidity. Cell walls of mutant roots exhibit abnormal structure and composition at intercellular junctions where BRK1 and SCAR1 are enriched in the adjacent plasma membrane. Taken together, our results suggest that SCAR and ARP2/3 complex-dependent actin polymerization promotes processes at the plasma membrane that are important for normal growth and wall assembly.

关键词： cell expansion cell morphogenesis cytoskeleton root biology Arabidopsis.

Immunotherapy of cancer is a part of biotherapy

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2018年第1期4卷 34-43页

作者： Shuen-Kuei Liao Robert K.Oldham The PhD Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei City 11031TaiwanChina Vectorite Biomedical Inc. New Taipei City 22175TaiwanChina Hope Regional Cancer Center PanamaFL 32444USA

The terms immunotherapy of cancer and biotherapy of cancer have been used interchangeably in the *** speaking,biotherapy or biological therapy is more appropriate and is now considered the 4th modality of cancer *** c... 详细信息

关键词： cancer chemotherapy therapy

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油动单旋翼植保无人机雾滴飘移分布特性

农业工程学报 2017年第1期33卷 117-123页

作者：王潇楠何雄奎王昌陵王志翀李龙龙王士林 Jane·Bonds Andreas·Herbst 王志国中国农业大学理学院北京100193 Bonds Consulting Group LLC Panama City Florida 32408USA Institute for Chemical Application Technology ofJKI Messeweg 11/12 D-38104 BraunschweigGermany 安阳全丰航空植保科技有限公司安阳455001

为了研究油动单旋翼植保无人机在精准作业参数(速度、高度)条件下的雾滴飘移分布特性,该文建立了雾滴飘移收集测试平台,分别用雾滴飘移测试框架、等动量雾滴收集装置和培养皿收集3WQF80-10型油动单旋翼植保无人机在作业时空中及地面飘... 详细信息

为了研究油动单旋翼植保无人机在精准作业参数(速度、高度)条件下的雾滴飘移分布特性,该文建立了雾滴飘移收集测试平台,分别用雾滴飘移测试框架、等动量雾滴收集装置和培养皿收集3WQF80-10型油动单旋翼植保无人机在作业时空中及地面飘移的雾滴。将测试结果分别与侧风风速、飞行高度、飞行速度进行相关分析和回归分析,结果表明:在平均温度31.5℃、平均相对湿度34.1%的条件下,侧风风速为雾滴飘移的主要影响因素;侧风风速与等动量雾滴收集器和培养皿测得的雾滴飘移率呈正相关(相关系数r分别为0.97、0.93);而与雾滴飘移测试框架测得的雾滴飘移率无相关性;侧风风速为0.76~5.5 m/s时,90%飘移雾滴沉降在喷雾区域下风向水平距离9.3~14.5 m的范围内,因此在作业时要预留至少15 m以上缓冲区(安全区)以避免药液飘移产生的危害。研究结果可为低空低量植保无人机施药技术研究和建立植保无人机低空低量施药田间雾滴沉积与飘移测试标准提供参考。

关键词：无人机喷药风雾滴空中飘移地面飘移等动量雾滴收集器分布

Fertigation for Environmentally Friendly Fertilizers Application: Constraints and Opportunities for Its Application in Developing Countries

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第4期8卷 292-301页

作者： Michel Kabirigi Shrestha Om Prakash Boejharat Varsha Prescella Crissy Niamwiza Serrano Pitti Quintin Israel Anyisile Mwamjengwa Abeykoon Mudiyanselage Jayantha Mary Logunu Apula Keji Chenglin Zhang Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB) Soil and Water Management Program of Research Department Kigali Rwanda Paurakhi Samudayik Krisi Sahakari Santa Ltd. Bahktadur Nepal Anton de Kom University Leysweg Suriname Ministry of Lands Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Forestry Department Mongu Zambia Ministry of Agriculture Panama Agencia Río Sereno Chiriqui Panama Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) Testing and Calibration Department Dar es salaam Tanzania Department of Agriculture Colombo Sri Lanka Ministry of Agriculture Juba South Sudan South China Agricultural University Guangzhou China

There is an increasing concern about agriculture’s role in polluting the environment which makes farmers feel guilty about using fertilizers. Fertigation is proposed as a panacea to this dilemma, which by this practice reaffirms the principles of 4Rs which are the right source, at the right rate, right time and right place. The aim of this study was to explore constraints and opportunities for its application in developing countries for environmentally friendly fertilizers application. It is a review of literature from government reports, legislature and published material on fertilization and irrigation initiatives of developing countries which include Rwanda, Nepal, Suriname, Zambia, panama, Tanzania, Sri Lanka and South Sudan in addition to the case presented of China during the “2016 Environmentally Friendly Fertilizer Production, Application and Demonstration from Developing Countries” training course. The study found that in developing countries there is potential to apply fertigation as a way of environmentally friendly fertilizers application as it has been adopted in China. These opportunities include the following: Abundant natural resources like land and water, less polluted environment, conducive agricultural policies, zero duties levied on imported irrigation equipment. However, a number of limitations also are highlighted including: Lack of investment, lack of infrastructure, lack of information, requires expertise on plant nutrition and management of fertigation system, require soil analysis and proper interpretation which is done by experts. This study provides relevant information for fertigation planning and application in respective developing countries.

关键词： Fertigation Environmentally Friendly Developing Countries

Immunopurification and Mass Spectrometry Identifies Protein Phosphatase 2A （PP2A） and BIN2/GSK3 as Regulators of AKS Transcription Factors in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2017年第2期10卷 345-348页

作者： Bu, Shuo-Lei Liu, Chao Liu, Ning Zhao, Ji-Long Ai, Lian-Feng Chi, Hao Li, Kathy L. Chien, Chih-Wei Burlingame, Alma L. Zhang, Sheng-Wei Wang, Zhi-Yong Hebei Normal Univ Hebei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Cell Signaling Hebei Key Lab Mol & Cellular Biol Coll Life Sci Shijiazhuang 050024 Hebei Peoples R China Carnegie Inst Sci Dept Plant Biol 290 Panama St Stanford CA 94305 USA Chinese Acad Sci Key Lab Intelligent Informat Proc Inst Comp Technol Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Calif San Francisco Dept Pharmaceut Chem San Francisco CA 94158 USA

Dear Editor ABA induces the phosphorylation of three basic helix-loop-helix （bHLH） transcription factors, called AKSs （ABA-responsive ki- nase substrates; AKS1, AKS2, and AKS3）. The unphosphorylated AKSs facilitate stomatal opening through promoting the tran- scription of genes encoding inwardly rectifying K＋ channels （Takahashi et al., 2013）. AKS1 and AKS3 are also regulators of flowering （Ito et al., 2012）. However, the kinases and phosphatases that directly control the phosphorylation status of AKSs in vivo have not been fully characterized. Here,

关键词： Spectrometry Phosphatase Arabidopsis

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免疫抑制-对禽类健康和福利的威胁

世界家禽 2006年第1期 7-11页

作者： Dr Mojtaba Yegani Dr Gary D Butcher University of Guelph Canada University of Florida USA and Dr Amir H Nilipour Grupo Melo SA Panama

我们的禽类变得易受疾病侵袭，是不是由于遗传抵抗力减弱？有许多例子让我们相信确实如此。是否还有其它的原因呢？在某些条件下出现的未知因素可以使得机体成为易于感染致病微生物的目标。

关键词：免疫抑制禽类威胁福利健康致病微生物抵抗力遗传

The Subcellular Localization and Blue Light-induced Dynamic Relocalization of Phototropin 1 in Root and Shoot Cells of Arabidopsis thaliana

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The Subcellular Localization and Blue Light-induced Dynamic ...

Age structure in neutral theory resolves inconsistencies related to reproductive-size threshold

The Second International Symposium on Plant Neurobiology

作者： William R Eisinger Weronika Krzeszowiec Halina Gabrys Frantiek Baluka David W.Ehrhardt Winslow R Briggs Santa Clara University 500 El Camino Real CA 95053 Santa ClaraUSA The Jan Zurzycki Institute of Molecular Biology Jagiellonian University Krakow.Poland The Jan Zurzycki Institute of Molecular Biology Jagiellonian University Krakow.Poland Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany University of Bonn Kieschallee 1.D-53115 BonnGermany Carnegie Institution Department of Plant Biology 260 panama Street CA94305 StanfordUSA Carnegie Institution Department of Plant Biology 260 panama Street CA94305 StanfordUSA

＜正＞The blue light receptor phototropin 1 （phot1） is a flavin-binding light-activated protein kinase. It serves as the major photoreceptor for phototropism in both roots and shoots. Although the activation of the C-terminal kinase domain has been characterized, the signal transduction pathway between perception of blue light by photl and phototropic responses remains unresolved. In continuation of our previous study with phot1-GFP-transformed Arabidopsis plants lacking photl （Sakamoto et al., 2002）, here we have investigated patterns of subcellular localizations of phot1-GFP in

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第1期5卷 64-71页

作者： James Rosindell Patrick A.Jansen Rampal S.Etienne Institute of Integrative and Comparative Biology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeeds LS29JTWest YorkshireUK Institute of Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies University of IdahoMoscowID 83844USA Center for Tropical Forest Science Smithsonian Tropical Research InstitutePO Box 0843-03092BalboaAnconRepublic of Panama Centre of Ecosystem Studies Wageningen UniversityPO Box 476700 AA Wageningenthe Netherlands Community and Conservation Ecology Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary StudiesUniversity of GroningenPO Box 111039700 CC Groningenthe Netherlands

Aims Neutral theory consists of a suite of models that assume ecological equivalence among individual *** have been most commonly applied to tropical forest tree communities either as null models or as *** models typically only include reproductive adults;therefore,fitting to empirical tree community data requires defining a reproductive-size threshold,which for trees is usually set arbitrarily to a diameter at breast height(DBH)of 100 *** inevitable exclusion of some reproductive adults and inclusion of some saplings cause a non-random sampling bias in neutral model ***,we investigate this problem and resolve it by introducing simple age structure into a neutral *** We compared the performance and sensitivity of DBH threshold of three variants of a spatially explicit neutral model:the traditional model,a model incorporating random sampling and a model with two distinct age classes—reproductive adults and *** the age-structured model,saplings are offspring from adults that disperse according to a Gaussian dispersal kernel around the *** only extra parameter is the ratio of adults to saplings,which is not a free parameter but directly *** used species–area relationships(SARs)to explore the predicted effect of saplings on the species richness at different scales in our *** then evaluated the three model variations to find the parameters required to maintain the observed level of species richness in the 50-ha plot on Barro Colorado Island(BCI).We repeated our analysis filtering the data at different minimum tree-size thresholds in order to find the effect this threshold has on our ***,we used empirical species–individual relationships(SIRs)to test the pre-existing hypothesis that environmental filtering is the primary cause of differences between the assemblage of saplings and that of adults on *** Findings Our age-structured neutral model was characterized by SARs that

关键词： neutral theory age structure sampling DBH

Quantitative Detection of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>by Real Time PCR in Drinking Water—Environmental and Public Health Risk Significance

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2015年第3期5卷 118-127页

作者： Virginia Montero-Campos Shirley Arias-Cordero Benedicto Valdés-Rodríguez Monserrat Jarquín-Cordero Research & Chemical and Microbiology Services Center—CEQIATEC School of Chemistry Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica Cartago Costa Rica Biotechnology Research Center School of Biology Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica Cartago Costa Rica Water Laboratory Services Physicochemical University of Chiriqui Chiriqui City Panama

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is bacteria considered to be present in half of the population and it is a public health problem worldwide. Most patients infected with H. pylori show no clinical symptoms;nonetheless, approximately 10% to 20% of these patients will develop peptic ulcers and 1% will develop gastric cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified H. pylori as a Group 1 carcinogen, recognized as the only bacteria capable of producing cancer. Samples of drinking water (n = 44) from aqueducts with chlorination treatment in selected areas with high prevalence of gastric cancer were analyzed in Costa Rica. Samples of drinking water from Panamá (n = 44) from aqueducts supplying untreated water for human consumption in the province of Chiriquí were also analyzed. The molecular marker of H. pylori, glmM, was used, and to optimize the Real Time PCR (qPCR) technique, annealing temperature, concentration of primers and probe were standardized;also, by analyzing different standard curves, the best reaction conditions that allowed detecting and quantifying the gene were determined. The LightCycler® 480 II (LC480II) equipment from Roche Diagnostics GmbH was used, as well as the Absolute Quantification Analysis by means of the Second Derivative Maximum Method. In the case of the samples from Costa Rica, it was determined that 79.5% were positive for H. pylori;removing outlier high average, quantification of bacteria was determined in 3.6 × 103 copies/100 mL. For Panamá it was determined that 86% of the samples were found positive for the presence of H. pylori;removing outlier high average quantification of bacteria was determined at 3.3 × 102 copies/100 mL. The difference in values between the aqueducts in both countries revealed an environmental distribution of the bacteria of epidemiological interest in each case.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Drinking Water Real Time PCR (qPCR) Chlorination Treatment