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16.48% Efficient solution-processed CIGS solar cells with crystal growth and defects engineering enabled by Ag doping strategy

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 59-65页

作者： Mengyu Xu Shaocong Yan Ting Liang Jia Jia Shengjie Yuan Dongxing Kou Zhengji Zhou Wenhui Zhou Yafang Qi Yuena Meng Litao Han Sixin Wu Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of MOE National & Local Joint Engineering Research Centre for High-efficiency Display and Lighting Technology School of Nanoscience and Materials Engineering Henan University

Solution-processed Cu（In,Ga）Se2（CIGS） solar cells suffer from serious carrier recombination and power conversion efficiency（PCE） loss because of the poor film properties and easy formation of ***, we propose Ag&Se co-selenization strategy to enhance the crystallization and passivate harmful defects of the CIGS films. The formation of Ag-Se phase during the selenization process enables the formation of large grains and suppresses the deep level defects. It is found that Ag doping can enlarge the depletion region width, lower the Urbach energy and prolong the carrier lifetime. As a result, a champion solution-processed CIGS solar cell presents a high efficiency of 16.48% with the highly improved opencircuit voltage（VOC） of 662 m V and fill factor（FF） of 75.8%. This work provides an efficient strategy to prepare high quality solution-processed CIGS films for high-performance CIGS solar cells.

关键词： CIGS solar cells Solution-processed method Ag doping Crystal growth Defects engineering

Silk damping in scalar-induced gravitational waves: a novel probe for new physics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 79-85页

作者： Yan-Heng Yu Sai Wang Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences school of Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Silk damping is well known in the study of cosmic microwave background（CMB） and accounts for suppression of the angular power spectrum of CMB on large angular multipoles. In this article, we study the effect of Silk damping on the scalar-induced gravitational waves（SIGWs）. Resulting from the dissipation of cosmic fluid, the Silk damping notably suppresses the energydensity spectrum of SIGWs on scales comparable to a diffusion scale at the decoupling time of weakly-interacting particles. The effect offers a novel observable for probing the underlying particle interaction, especially for those mediated by heavy gauge bosons beyond the standard model of particles. We anticipate that pulsar timing arrays are sensitive to gauge bosons with mass ～10～3-10～4 GeV, while space-and ground-based interferometers to those with mass ～10～7-1012GeV, leading to essential complements to on-going and future experiments of high-energy physics.

关键词： scalar-induced gravitational waves Silk damping new physics

Constraints on holographic QCD phase transitions from PTA observations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 71-78页

作者： Song He Li Li Sai Wang Shao-Jiang Wang Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin University school of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences school of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) school of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Theoretical Physics Division Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The underlying physics of QCD phase transition in the early Universe remains largely unknown due to its strong-coupling nature during the quark-gluon plasma/hadron gas transition, yet a holographic model has been proposed to quantitatively fit the lattice QCD data while with its duration of the first-order phase transition(FoPT) left undetermined. At specific baryon chemical potential, the first-order QCD phase transition agrees with the observational constraint of baryon asymmetry. It, therefore, provides a scenario for phase transition gravitational waves(GWs) within the standard model of particle physics. If these background GWs could contribute dominantly to the recently claimed common-spectrum red noise from pulsar timing array(PTA) observations, the duration of this FoPT can be well constrained, and the associated primordial black holes are still allowed by current observations.

关键词： pulsar timing array QCD phase transition gravitational waves primordial black holes

SoxC transcription factors in retinal development and regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第7期12卷 1048-1051页

作者： Kun-Che Chang Jonathan Hertz Department of Ophthalmology School of Medicine Stanford University Palo Alto CA USA

Glaucoma and other optic neuropathies result in optic nerve degeneration and the loss of retinal ganglion cells（RGCs）through complex signaling *** the mechanisms that regulate RGC development remain unclear,uncovering novel developmental pathways may support new strategies to regenerate the optic nerve or replace *** we review recent studies that provide strong evidence that the Sry-related high-mobility-group C（SoxC）subfamily of transcription factors（TFs）are necessary and sufficient for axon guidance and RGC fate *** findings also uncover novel SoxC-dependent mechanisms that serve as master regulators during important steps of RGC *** example,we review work showing that SoxC TFs regulate RGC axon guidance and direction through the optic chiasm towards their appropriate targets in the *** also review work demonstrating that Sox11 subcellular localization is,in part,controlled through small ubiquitin-like post-translational modifier（SUMO）and suggest compensatory cross-talk between Sox4 and ***,Sox4 overexpression is shown to positively drive RGC differentiation in human induced pluripotent stem cells（hi PSCs）.Finally,we discuss how these findings may contribute to the advancement of regenerative and cell-based therapies to treat glaucoma and other optic nerve neuropathies.

关键词： Sox4 Soxl 1 retinal ganglion cell optic nerve regeneration SUMOylation cell transplantation stern cell

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Regulatory mechanisms for abnormal expression of the human breast cancer specific gene 1 in breast cancer cells

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2006年第4期49卷 403-408页

作者： LU Aiping1, LI Qing1, LIU Jingwen2 1. Department of Pathology, Peking University school of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100036, China 2. VA palo alto Health Care System, palo alto, California, CA 94304, USA Department of Pathology Peking University School of Oncology Beijing Cancer Hospital Beijing China VA palo alto Health Care System Palo Alto USA

Breast cancer-specific gene 1 (BCSG1), also referred as synuclein γ, was originally iso-lated from a human breast cancer cDNA library and the protein is mainly localized to presynaptic terminals in the nervous system. BCSG1 is not expressed in normal or benign breast lesions, but expressed at an extremely high level in the vast majority of the advanced staged breast carcinomas and ovarian carcinomas. Overexpression of BCSG1 in cancer cells led to significant increase in cell proliferation, motility and invasiveness, and metastasis. To elucidate the molecular mechanism and regulation for abnormal transcription of BCSG1, a variety of BCSG1 promoter luciferase reporters were constructed including 3′ end deleted sequences, Sp1 deleted, and activator protein-1 (AP1) domains mutated. Transient transfection assay was used to detect the transcriptional activation of BCSG1 promoters. Results showed that the Sp1 sequence in 5′-flanking region was involved in the basal transcriptional activities of BCSG1 without cell-type specificity. In comparison to pGL3-1249, the reporter activities of pGL3-1553 in BCSG1-negative MCF-7 cells and pGL3-1759 in HepG2 cells were notably decreased. Mutations at AP1 sites in BCSG1 intron 1 significantly reduced the promoter ac-tivity in all cell lines. Transcription factors, c-jun, c-fos and cyclin AMP-responsive element binding (CREB) protein, could markedly enhance the promoter activities. Thus, our results suggest that the abnormal expression of BCSG1 in breast cancer cells is likely regulated by multiple mechanisms. The 5′ flanking region of BCSG1 provides the basal transcriptional activity without cell type specificity. A critical promoter element involved in abnormal expression of BCSG1 presents in the first exon. The cell type specificity of BCSG1 transcription is probably affected through intronic cis-regulatory se-quences. AP1 domains in the first intron play an important role in control of BCSG1 transcription.

关键词： breast cancer-specific gene 1, promoter, transcriptional activity.

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A Novel Model for Describing Rail Weld Irregularities and Predicting Wheel-Rail Forces Using a Machine Learning Approach

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 555-577页

作者： Linlin Sun Zihui Wang Shukun Cui Ziquan Yan Weiping Hu Qingchun Meng State Key Laboratory of high-Speed Railway Track System China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijing100081China Railway Engineering Research Institute China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation LimitedBeijing100081China school of Aeronautic Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China

Rail weld irregularities are one of the primary excitation sources for vehicle-track interaction dynamics in modern high-speed *** can cause significant wheel-rail dynamic interactions,leading to wheel-rail noise,component damage,and *** researchers have employed the vehicle-track interaction dynamic model to study the dynamic interactions between wheel and rail induced by rail weld geometry ***,the cosine wave model used to simulate rail weld irregularities mainly focuses on the maximum value and neglects the geometric *** this study,novel theoretical models were developed for three categories of rail weld irregularities,based on measurements of the high-speed railway from Beijing to *** vertical dynamic forces in the time and frequency domains were compared under different running *** forces generated by the rail weld irregularities that were measured and modeled,respectively,were compared to validate the accuracy of the proposed ***,based on the numerical study,the impact force due to rail weld irrregularity is modeled using an Artificial Neural Network(ANN),and the optimum combination of parameters for this model is *** results showed that the proposed model provided a more accurate wheel/rail dynamic evaluation caused by rail weld irregularities than that established in the *** ANN model used in this paper can effectively predict the impact force due to rail weld irrregularity while reducing the computation time.

关键词： Rail weld irregularity high-speed railway vehicle-track coupled dynamics wheel/rail dynamic vertical force artificial neural networks

Photoactivated growth factor release from bio-orthogonally crosslinkedhydrogels for the regeneration of corneal defects

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第10期40卷 417-429页

作者： Nae-Won Kang Youngyoon Amy Seo Kevin JJackson Kyeongwoo Jang Euisun Song Uiyoung Han Fang Chen Sarah CHeilshorn David Myung Department of Ophthalmology Byers Eye Institute at Stanford UniversitySchool of MedicinePalo AltoCA 94304United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94305United States VA palo alto HealthCare System Palo AltoCA 94304United States

In situ-forming hydrogels are an attractive option for corneal regeneration, and the delivery of growth factorsfrom such constructs have the potential to improve re-epithelialization and stromal remodeling. However,challenges persist in controlling the release of therapeutic molecules from hydrogels. Here, an in situ-forming bioorthogonallycrosslinked hydrogel containing growth factors tethered via photocleavable linkages (PC-HAColhydrogel) was developed to accelerate corneal regeneration. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was conjugated tothe hydrogel backbone through photo-cleavable (PC) spacer arms and was released when exposed to mild intensityultraviolet (UV) light (2–5 mW/cm2, 365 nm). The PC-HACol hydrogel rapidly gelled within a few minuteswhen applied to corneal defects, with excellent transparency and biocompatibility. After subsequentexposure to UV irradiation, the hydrogel promoted the proliferation and migration of corneal epithelial cells invitro. The rate of re-epithelialization was positively correlated to the frequency of irradiation, verified through exvivo rabbit cornea organ culture studies. In an in vivo rat corneal wound healing study, the PC-HACol hydrogelexposed to UV light significantly promoted re-epithelialization, the remodeling of stromal layers, and exhibitedsignificant anti-scarring effects, with minimal α-SMA and robust ALDH3A1 expression. Normal differentiation ofthe regenerated epithelia after healing was evaluated by expression of the corneal epithelial biomarker, *** remodeled cornea exhibited full recovery of corneal thickness and layer number without hyperplasia of theepithelium.

关键词： In situ-forming hydrogel Bio-orthogonally crosslinked hydrogel Corneal regeneration Photo-responsive release Growth factor delivery

Small caliber overtube-assisted colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第44期13卷 5933-5937页

作者： Shai Friedland Roy M Soetikno Stanford University school of Medicine and VA palo alto Health Care System United States

AIM: To combine the benefits of a new thin flexible scope with elimination of excessive looping through the use of an overtube. METHODS: Three separate retrospective series. Series 1: 25 consecutive male patients undergoing unsedated colonoscopy using the new device at a Veteran's hospital in the United States. Series 2: 75 male patients undergoing routine colonoscopy using an adult colonoscope, pediatric colonoscope, or the new device. Series 3: 35 patients who had incomplete colonoscopies using standard instruments. RESULTS: Complete colonoscopy was achieved in all 25 patients in the unsedated series with a median cecal intubation time of 6 min and a median maximal pain score of 3 on a 0-10 scale. In the 75 routine cases, there was significantly less pain with the thin scope compared to standard adult and pediatric colonoscopes. Of the 35 patients in the previously incomplete colonoscopy series, 33 were completed with the new system. CONCLUSION: Small caliber overtube-assisted colonoscopy is less painful than colonoscopy with standard adult and pediatric colonoscopes. Male patients could undergo unsedated colonoscopy with the new system with relatively little pain. The new device is also useful for most patients in whom colonoscopy cannot be completed with standard instruments.

关键词： Colonoscopy Endoscopy Colon Cancer Colon cancer screening

Lymphatic vessels,miRNAs,and CAR T cells in tumor immunology

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2020年第1期21卷 1-2页

作者： Xinguo JIANG VA palo alto Health Care System Stanford University School of Medicine

This special feature contains three review articles that summarize recent advances pertaining to tumor *** of antitumor immunity through checkpoint inhibitors has achieved significant clinical success and benefited many cancer ***,not all cancer patients respond to these treatments,and among the responders,some may develop resistance and others may suffer autoimmunity that requires intervention.

关键词： immunity cancer patients

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