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Bimetallic Single‑Atom Catalysts for Water Splitting

Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第1期17卷 1-45页

作者： Megha A.Deshmukh Aristides Bakandritsos Radek Zbořil Nanotechnology Centre Centre for Energy and Environmental TechnologiesVŠB–Technical University of Ostrava17.listopadu 2172/1570800 Ostrava‑PorubaCzech Republic Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute(CATRIN)Palacky University OlomoucŠlechtitelů241/2778371 Olomouc–HoliceCzech Republic

Green hydrogen from water splitting has emerged as a critical energy vector with the potential to spearhead the global transition to a fossil fuel-independent *** field of catalysis has been revolutionized by single-atom catalysts(SACs),which exhibit unique and intricate interactions between atomically dispersed metal atoms and their ***,bimetallic SACs(bimSACs)have garnered significant attention for leveraging the synergistic functions of two metal ions coordinated on appropriately designed *** offer an avenue for rich metal–metal and metal–support cooperativity,potentially addressing current limitations of SACs in effectively furnishing transformations which involve synchronous proton–electron exchanges,substrate activation with reversible redox cycles,simultaneous multi-electron transfer,regulation of spin states,tuning of electronic properties,and cyclic transition states with low activation *** review aims to encapsulate the growing advancements in bimSACs,with an emphasis on their pivotal role in hydrogen generation via water *** subsequently delve into advanced experimental methodologies for the elaborate characterization of SACs,elucidate their electronic properties,and discuss their local coordination ***,we present comprehensive discussion on the deployment of bimSACs in both hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction,the two half-reactions of the water electrolysis process.

关键词： Single-atom catalysts Single-atom dimers Hydrogen evolution Oxygen evolution Water splitting

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Some new distance measures for type-2 fuzzy sets and distance measure based ranking for group decision making problems

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2014年第5期8卷 741-752页

作者： Pushpinder SINGH Department of Computer Science Palacky University Olomouc CZ-77146 Czech Republic

In this paper, we propose some distance measures between type-2 fuzzy sets, and also a new family of utmost distance measures are presented. Several properties of differ- ent proposed distance measures have been introduced. Also, we have introduced a new ranking method for the ordering of type-2 fuzzy sets based on the proposed distance measure. The proposed ranking method satisfies the reasonable prop- erties for the ordering of fuzzy quantities. Some properties such as robustness, order relation have been presented. Lim- itations of existing ranking methods have been studied. Fur- ther for practical use, a new method for selecting the best alternative, for group decision making problems is proposed. This method is illustrated with a numerical example.

关键词： fuzzy sets type-2 fuzzy sets distance measures,ranking function group decision making problems

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Different clinical presentations of metachronous pulmonary metastases after resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: Retrospective study and review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第35期23卷 6420-6428页

作者： Martin Lovecek Pavel Skalicky Josef Chudacek Marek Szkorupa Hana Svebisova Radmila Lemstrova Jiri Ehrmann Bohuslav Melichar Tharani Yogeswara Dusan Klos Radek Vrba Roman Havlik Beatrice Mohelnikova-Duchonova Department of Surgery I University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University Department of Oncology University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University Department of Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University OlomoucUniversity Hospital Olomouc Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University Department of Oncology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University OlomoucUniversity Hospital Olomouc Department of Surgery I Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University

AIM To analyze pancreatic cancer patients who developed metachronous pulmonary metastases(MPM) as a first site of recurrence after the curative-intent *** One-hundred-fifty-nine consecutive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) patients who underwent radical pancreatic surgery between 2006 and 2013 were included in this retrospective analysis. The clinical data including age, sex, grade, primary tumor location, p TNM stage, lymph node infiltration, microangioinvasion, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, the therapy administered, and follow-up were all obtained from medical records. Further analysis covered only patients with metachronous metastases. Clinical and histopathological data(age, sex, grade, primary tumor location, p TNM stage, lymph node infiltration, microangioinvasion, perineural invasion, lymphovascular invasion, the therapy administered and follow-up) of patients with metachronous non-pulmonary metastases and patients with metachronous pulmonary metastases were statistically assessed. Disease-free survival(DFS) from pancreas resection until metastases onset and overall survival(OS) were calculated. Wilcoxon test, χ~2 test and survival functions computed by the KaplanMeier method were used. Statistical significance was evaluated by the log-rank test using SPSS. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically *** Metachronous pulmonary metastases were observed in 20(16.9%) and were operable in 3(2.5%) of PDAC patients after a prior curative-intent surgery. Patients with isolated pulmonary metastases(oligometastases and multiple metastases) had estimated prior DFS and OS of 35.4 and 81.4 mo, respectively, and those with metachronous pulmonary metastases accompanied by other metastases had prior DFS and OS of 17.3 and 23.4 mo, respectively. Patients with non-pulmonary metastases had prior DFS and OS of 9.4 and 15.8 mo, respectively. Different clinical scenarios according to the presentation of MPM were obser

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pulmonary metastases Metachronous metastases Surgical resection Overall survival Chemotherapy

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Long-term follow-up of children and adolescents with primary sclerosing cholangitis and autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第4期15卷 412-418页

作者： Vratislav Smolka Eva Karaskova Oksana Tkachyk Kvetoslava Aiglova Jiri Ehrmann Kamila Michalkova Michal Konecny Jana Volejnikova Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 6Olomouc 77900Czech Republic Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 6Olomouc 77900Czech Republic Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 6Olomouc 77900Czech Republic Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 6Olomouc 77900Czech Republic

BACKGROUND： Sclerosing cholangitis（SC） is a chronic cholestatic hepatobiliary disease with uncertain long-term prognosis in pediatric patients. This study aimed to evaluate longterm results in children with SC according to the types of ***： We retrospectively followed up 25 children with SC over a period of 4-17 years（median 12）. The diagnosis of SC was based on biochemical, histological and cholangiographic findings. Patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria for probable or definite autoimmune hepatitis at the time of diagnosis were defined as having autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis（ASC）; other patients were included in a group of primary sclerosing cholangitis（PSC）. The incidence of the following complications was studied： obstructive cholangitis, portal hypertension, advanced liver disease and death associated with the primary ***： Fourteen（56%） patients had PSC and 11（44%） had ASC. Patients with ASC were significantly younger at the time of diagnosis（12.3 vs 15.4 years, P=0.032） and had higher Ig G levels（22.7 vs 17.2 g/L, P=0.003）. The mentioned complications occurred in 4（16%） patients with SC, exclusively in the PSC group： one patient died from colorectal cancer, one patient underwent liver transplantation and two patients, in whom severe bile duct stenosis was present at diagnosis, were endoscopically treated for acute cholangitis. Furthermore, twoother children with ASC and 2 children with PSC had elevated aminotransferase levels. The 10-year overall survival was 95.8% in all patients, 100% in patients without complicated liver disease, and 75.0% in patients with ***： In children, ASC is a frequent type of SC, whose prognosis may be better than that in patients with PSC.

关键词： autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis childhood inflammatory bowel disease primary sclerosing cholangitis prognosis

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Spontaneous liver rupture following SARS-CoV-2 infection in late pregnancy:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第15期10卷 5042-5050页

作者： Radek Ambroz Martin Stasek Ján Molnár Petr Spicka Dusan Klos Jozef Hambálek Daniela Skanderová Department of Surgery I University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky UniversityOlomouc 77900Czech Republic Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky UniversityOlomouc 77900Czech Republic Department of Pathology University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalackýUniversityOlomouc 77900Czech Republic

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is characterized by systemic inflammatory response syndrome and ***-CoV-2 associated mortality ranges from 2%to 6%.Liver dysfunction was observed in 14%-53%of COVID-19 cases,especially in moderate severe ***,no cases of spontaneous hepatic rupture in pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 have been *** SUMMARY A 32-year-old pregnant patient(gestational age:32 wk+4 d)without any remarkable medical history or long-term medication presented with ***,non-infectious,and pregnancy-related hepatopathies were *** onset of right subcostal pain with D-dimer and liver enzyme elevation was followed by shock with *** performing an emergency cesarean section,hemoperitoneum was observed,and the patient delivered a stillbirth.A 6-cm liver rupture at the edges of segments V and VI had occurred,which was sutured and ***-CoV-2 positivity on reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction was *** revisions for intrahepatic hematoma with hemorrhagic shock and abdominal compartment syndrome were ***,the patient developed hemoptysis,which was treated using bronchoscopic therapy and non-invasive *** tissue biopsy revealed hemorrhagic foci and necrosis with an irregular centrilobular *** syndrome and autoimmune hepatitis were also ruled *** death was caused by acute intrauterine *** This case reveals that pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection may be predisposed to liver parenchyma disease with liver rupture.

关键词： Liver rupture SARS-CoV-2 Pregnancy Abortion HELLP Case report

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Acute onset of autoimmune hepatitis in children and adolescents

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第1期19卷 17-21页

作者： Vratislav Smolka Oksana Tkachyk Jiri Ehrmann Eva Karaskova Martin Zapalka Jana Volejnikova Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 185/6Olomouc 77900Czech Republic Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 185/6Olomouc 77900Czech Republic

Background: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare progressive liver disease, which manifests as acute hepatitis in 40%-50% of pediatric cases. This refers predominantly to spontaneous exacerbations of previ- ously unrecognized subclinical AIH with laboratory and histological signs of chronic hepatitis, or to acute exacerbations of known chronic disease. Only a few of these patients ful ll criteria for acute liver failure (ALF). Methods: Forty children diagnosed with AIH in our center between 2000 and 2018 were included in this study. All of them ful lled revised diagnostic criteria of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAIHG) for probable or con rmed AIH, and other etiologies of liver diseases were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups: acute AIH (A-AIH) or chronic AIH (C-AIH). Results: Acute onset of AIH occurred in 19/40 children (48%). Six of them ful lled the criteria of ALF with coagulopathy and encephalopathy. Five of 6 children with ALF suffered from exacerbation of previ- ously undiagnosed chronic AIH, among which 4 children were histologically con rmed as micronodular cirrhosis. The remaining one patient had fulminant AIH with centrilobular necrosis, but no histological signs of previous chronic liver damage. We observed signi cantly lower levels of albumin, higher levels of aminotransferases, bilirubin, INR, IgG, higher IAIHG score and more severe histological ndings in A- AIH than in C-AIH. No differences in patient age and presence of autoantibodies were observed between A-AIH and C-AIH. All children, including those with ALF and cirrhosis, were treated with corticosteroids, and are alive and achieved AIH remission. Liver transplant was not indicated in any patient. Conclusion: Rapid and accurate diagnosis of A-AIH may be di cult. However, timely start of immunosup-pressive therapy improves prognosis and decreases number of indicated liver transplantations in children with AIH.

关键词： Acute liver failure Autoimmune hepatitis Children Onset

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Etiology and classification of acute pancreatitis in children admitted to ICU using the Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (pSOFA) score

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2023年第3期22卷 317-322页

作者： Vratislav Smolka Marie Rohanova Miroslav Seda Eva Karaskova Oksana Tkachyk Martin Zapalka Jana Volejnikova Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and DentistryPalacky University and University Hospital OlomoucI.P.Pavlova 185/6Olomouc 77900Czech Republic

Background:Pediatric acute pancreatitis(AP)is rare but *** AP is associated with higher morbidity and ***,there are no universally accepted prognostic criteria for ***:This retrospective study included children with AP admitted to an intensive care unit(ICU)of our tertiary pediatric center between January 2009 and December *** severity of organ dysfunction in AP was assessed according to the modified Atlanta criteria using the Pediatric Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(p SOFA)and Computed Tomography Severity Index(CTSI).Results:Seventy acute episodes of AP were evaluated in 55 children with primary *** addition,secondary AP was diagnosed in 15 patients originally admitted to ICU for different *** AP[no organ dysfunction,normal computed tomography(CT)finding]was the most prevalent(64/85 episodes in 49 children),followed by moderate AP(15 children;p SOFA 2-9 points,CTSI 3-4 points on admission).Severe AP(p SOFA 4-17 points,CTSI 6-10 points)was diagnosed in 6 children with traumatic or secondary *** most frequent etiologies of primary AP episodes were idiopathic(39%)and biliary(31%).Children with idiopathic AP had frequent relapses and *** AP was typically mild,but presented with high pancreatic enzyme levels and recurrence *** at ICU and an interval without enteral nutrition(EN)were relatively short in drug-induced AP and relatively long in secondary and traumatic *** retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)was performed in 13 patients with biliary AP and in 4 patients with traumatic *** AP-related death was ***:p SOFA score accurately reflects the severity and prognosis of AP in children.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Children Organ dysfunction Prognosis pSOFA score

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Is Chloroplast Movement in Tobacco Plants Influenced Systemically after Local Illumination or Burning Stress?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第10期50卷 1292-1299页

作者： Jan Nau Monika Rolencov Vladimíra Hlavkov Laboratory of Biophysics Department of Experimental Physics Palacky' University tr. Svobody 26 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic

Chloroplast movement has been studied in many plants mainly in relation to the local light, mechanical or stress effects. Here we investigated possible systemic responses of chloroplast movement to local light or burning stress in tobacco plants （Nicotisna tabacum cv. Samsun）. Chloroplast movement was measured using two independent methods： one with a SPAD 502 Chlorophyll meter and another by collimated transmittance at a selected wavelength （676 nm）. A sensitive periodic movement of chloroplasts was used in high or low （2 000 or 50 μmol/m2 per s photosynthetically active radiation, respectively） cold white light with periods of 50 or 130 min. Measurements were carried out in the irradiated area, in the non-irradisted area of the same leaf or in the leaf located on the stem below the irradiated or bumed one. No significant changes in systemic chloroplast movement in non-irradiated parts of the leaf and in the non-treated leaf were detected. Our data indicate that chloroplast movement in tobacco is dependent dominantly on the intensity and spectral composition of the incident light and on the local stimulation and state of the target tissue. No systemic signal was strong enough to evoke a detectable systemic response in chloroplast movement in distant untreated tissues of tobacco plants.

关键词： buming chloroplast movement irradiance systemic response tobacco.

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Domestication-related changes in seed dispersal and pigmentation:Visual selection and functional trait?

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Molecular Plant 2023年第8期16卷 1240-1242页

作者： Petr Smykal Travis Parker Department of Botany Palacky University in Olomouc77900 OlomoucCzech Republic Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA

The development of agriculture is one of the most transformative changes in the history of *** the most common changes occurring during plant domestication are reductions in seed dispersal and changes in *** there are archaeological records of these processes,the advancement of genomics offers a tool to achieve greater insight into the process of converting wild plants into crops(Smýkal et al.,2018).This involved and resulted in a set of specific phenotypic changes referred to collectively as the domestication ***,less obvious domestication-related modifications have also been identified,including changes in plant *** processes are often *** example,among visible changes,selection for visual appearance such as pigmentation is governed by modulation of specific metabolic *** genomic tools,the improvement of analytical methods provides the opportunity to reveal metabolomic changes involved in plant domestication.

关键词： Visual collective crops

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MXene-Based Composites as Nanozymes in Biomedicine: A Perspective

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第12期14卷 447-463页

作者： Siavash Iravani Rajender S.Varma Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of SciencePalacky University in OlomoucSlechtitelu2778371 OlomoucCzech Republic

MXene-based nanozymes have garnered considerable attention because of their potential environmental and biomedical *** materials encompass alluring and manageable catalytic performances and physicochemical features,which make them suitable as(bio)sensors with high selectivity/sensitivity and ***-based structures with suitable electrical conductivity,biocompatibility,large surface area,optical/magnetic properties,and thermal/mechanical features can be applied in designing innovative nanozymes with area-dependent electrocatalytic *** the advances made,there is still a long way to deploy MXene-based nanozymes,especially in medical and healthcare applications;limitations pertaining the peroxidaselike activity and sensitivity/selectivity may restrict further practical applications of pristine ***,developing an efficient surface engineering tactic is still required to fabricate multifunctional MXene-based nanozymes with excellent *** obtain MXene-based nanozymes with unique physicochemical features and high stability,some crucial steps such as hybridization and modification ought to be ***,(nano)toxicological and long-term biosafety analyses along with clinical translation studies still need to be comprehensively *** very limited reports exist pertaining to the biomedical potentials of MXene-based nanozymes,the future explorations should transition toward the extensive research and detailed analyses to realize additional potentials of these structures in biomedicine with a focus on clinical and industrial *** this perspective,therapeutic,diagnostic,and theranostic applications of MXene-based nanozymes are deliberated with a focus on future per-spectives toward more successful clinical translational *** current state-of-the-art biomedical advances in the use of MXene-based nanozymes,as well as their developmental challenges and future prospects are also *** v

关键词： MXenes MXene-based nanozymes Therapeutics Diagnostics Theranostics

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