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Spatial variations in responses of vegetation autumn phenology to climate change on the tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 744-752页

作者： Nan Cong Miaogen Shen Shilong Piao Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences16 Lincui RoadBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences 16 Lincui RoadBeijing 100101China

Aims Information about changes in the start and end of the vegetation growing season(SOS and EOS)is crucial for assessing ecosystem responses to climate change because of the high sensitivity of both to climate and their extensive influence on ecological processes in temperate and cold *** warming substantially advanced SOS on the tibetan Plateau from 1982 to ***,it is unclear why EOS showed little delay despite increasing tem-perature over this *** We used multiple methods to determine EOS from the satellite-observed normalized-difference vegetation index and investigated the relationships between EOS and its potential drivers on the tibetan Plateau over *** findings We found a slight but non-significant delay in regionally averaged EOS of 0.7 day decade−1(P=0.18)and a widespread but weak delaying trend across the Plateau over this *** inter-annual variations in regionally averaged EOS were driven mainly by pre-season temperature(partial R=0.62,P0.10).Pre-season warming delayed EOS mainly in the eastern half and north-western area of the *** the south-west,EOS was significantly and positively related to SOS,suggesting potentially indirect effects of winter weather conditions on the following autumn’s phenology through regulation of spring *** was more strongly related with pre-season temperature in colder and wetter areas,reflecting vegetation adaptation to local ***,pre-season temperature had weaker delaying effects on EOS for vegeta-tion with a shorter growing season,for which SOS had a stronger control on inter-annual variations in EOS than for vegetation with a longer growing *** indicates that shorter-season tibetan Plateau vegetation may have lower plasticity in adjusting the length of its growing season,whenever it begins,and that climate change is more likely to shift the growing season than e

关键词： climate change vegetation phenology temperature end of growing season remote sensing tibetan Plateau

"Teaching to Fish"Rather Than"Giving a Fish"Is China Contributing to the Global Sustainable Futures?

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学术界 2015年第12期 257-266页

作者： Yuan Tingting (Liverpool Hope University UK L16 9JD)

"Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day;teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime".This proverb now becomes the slogan of China's international *** paper is based on my previous empirical studies on China's"donor logic"of *** than looking at the motives of Chinese aid and how it is challenging the Western ideas,this paper focuses on policy discourse and tries to seek the recent trends and knowledge transformations of China's international cooperation of education.

关键词：全球可持续发展中国鱼国际援助国际合作知识形成

Effects of tropical forest conversion into oil palm plantations on nitrous oxide emissions:A meta-analysis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 865-869页

作者： Taiki Mori Kyushu Research Center Forestry and Forest Products Research InstituteFFPRIKurokami 4-11-16Kumamoto 860-0862Japan

Oil palm plantations have dramatically expanded in tropical Asia over the past *** their establishment has been projected to increase nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions,earlier reports have shown inconsistent *** study analyzed these previously published data to compare N_(2)O emissions in oil palm plantations to reference forests.A linear mixed-eff ects model was used to examine the signifi cance of the eff ect of establishing oil palm plantations on N_(2)O emissions,rather than to calculate mean eff ect sizes because of limitations in the data *** results indicated that N_(2)O emissions were signifi cantly greater from oil palm plantations than from reference forests,as *** is the fi rst study to report the eff ect of oil palm plantations on N_(2)O emissions by synthesizing previously published *** quantify the size of this eff ect,additional studies with frequent and long-term monitoring data are needed.

关键词： Meta-analysis Nitrogen fertilization Nitrous oxide Oil palm plantation Tropical forest

Effects of total replacement of corn silage with sorghum silage on milk yield,composition, and quality

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 652-659页

作者： M.Cattani N.Guzzo R.Mantovani L.Bailoni Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science(BCA) University of PadovaViale dell'Universita 1635020 LegnaroPDItaly Department of Agronomy Food Natural resources Animals and Environment(DAFNAE) University of PadovaViale dell'Università1635020 LegnaroPDItaly

Background： In the last years, difficulties occurring in corn cultivation（i.e., groundwater shortages, mycotoxin contamination） have been forcing dairy farmers to consider alternative silages. Some experiments conducted on lactating cows have proven that the total replacement of corn silage with sorghum silage did not reduce milk ***, this kind of substitution involves supplementing sorghum-based diets with grains, to compensate for the lower starch content of sorghum silage compared to corn silage. Change of silage type and inclusion of starch sources in the diet would influence rumen fermentations, with possible effects on milk composition（i.e., fatty acid profile） and coagulation properties. A worsening of milk coagulation properties would have a negative economic impact in Italy, where most of the milk produced is processed into *** study was designed to compare milk composition and quality, with emphasis on fatty acid profile and coagulation properties, in dairy cows fed two diets based on corn or sorghum ***： The sorghum diet reduced milk yield（P = 0.043） but not 4% fat corrected milk（P = 0.85）. Feeding sorghum silage did not influence milk contents of protein（P = 0.07） and lactose（P = 0.65）, and increased fat content（P = 0.024）.No differences emerged for milk concentrations of saturated（P = 0.61） and monounsaturated fatty acids（P = 0.50）,whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids were lower（P 〈 0.001） for the sorghum diet. Concentrations of n-6（P 〈 0.001） and n-3 fatty acids（P = 0.017） were lower in milk of cows fed the sorghum diet. Milk coagulation properties did not differ between the two diets, except the ＂a30＂（the curd firmness, expressed in mm, 30 min after rennet addition）, that was lower（P = 0.042） for the sorghum ***： Feeding a forage sorghum silage, properly supplemented with corn meal, as total replacement of corn silage maintained milk composition and did not influence negatively milk coagulation properties, whic

关键词： Dairy cows Forage sorghum silage Mean particle size Milk coagulation properties Milk fatty acid profile

Properties of Natural Rubber Biocomposities Filled with Alkaline Modified Oat Straw

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第7期6卷 746-754页

作者： Marcin Masłowski Justyna Miedzianowska Krzysztof Strzelec Institute of Polymer&Dye Technology Lodz University of TechnologyStefanowskiego 12/1690-924 LodzPoland

Novel elastomer biocomposites based on straw fibers (raw or chemically modified) as reinforcing elements ofnatural rubber (NR) were reported and studied. Oat straw fibres with different average lengths were *** materials were incorporated into the elastomer, before and after chemical surface modificationinvolving sodium hydroxide. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and microscopy techniques wereemployed for characterization of fillers. The kinetics of rubber mixtures, as well as rheometric properties ofcompounds were determined. The cross-linking density was executed on the basis of equilibrium solventswellingmeasurements applying the modified Flory–Rehner equation. The morphology of biocompositessamples was analyzed by a scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical characteristic: the values of hardness,tensile strength and attenuation coefficient were also determined. The physical and chemical investigations haveproved the reinforcing effect of treated oat straw on natural rubber vulcanizates.

关键词： Alkalization biocomposites natural fibres natural rubber straw

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and fatty liver: Association or causal link?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4243-4252页

作者： Mohamed H Ahmed Christopher D Byrne Chemical Pathology Department Southampton University Hospital NHS Trust Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom Endocrinology and Metabolism DOHaD Division University of Southampton and Southampton University Hospitals Trust Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex disorder that consists of upper airway obstruction, chronic intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation. OSA is well known to be associated with hypoxia, insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, and these factors can occur in the presence or absence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Although it is well established that insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and obesity occur frequently with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), it is now becoming apparent that hypoxia might also be important in the development of NAFLD, and it is recognized that there is increased risk of NAFLD with OSA. This review discusses the association between OSA, NAFLD and cardiovascular disease, and describes the potential role of hypoxia in the development of NAFLD with OSA.

关键词： Sleep apnea syndrome Hyperlipidemia Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Insulin resistance

Human thrombin for the treatment of gastric and ectopic varices

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第41期18卷 5912-5917页

作者： Norma C McAvoy John N Plevris Peter C Hayes Department of Hepatology University of EdinburghRoyal Infirmary of EdinburghEdinburgh EH16 4SAUnited Kingdom

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of human thrombin in the treatment of bleeding gastric and ectopic ***:Retrospective observational study in a Tertiary Referral *** January 1999-October 2005,we identified 37 patients who were endoscopically treated with human thrombin injection therapy for bleeding gastric and ectopic *** details including age,gender and aetiology of liver disease/segmental portal hypertension were *** thrombin was obtained from the Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service and prepared to give a solution of 250 IU/mL which was injected via a standard injection *** patient case notes were reviewed and the total dose of thrombin given along with the number of endoscopy sessions was *** haemostasis rates,rebleeding rates and mortality were catalogued along with the incidence of any immediate complications which could be attributable to the thrombin *** duration of follow up was also *** study was conducted according to the United Kingdom research ethics ***:Thirty-seven patients were included.33 patients(89%) had thrombin(250 U/mL) for gastric varices,2(5.4%) for duodenal varices,1 for rectal varices and 1 for gastric and rectal varices.(1) Gastric varices,an average of 15.2 mL of thrombin was used per ***-bleeding occurred in 4 patients(10.8%),managed in 2 by a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPSS)(one unsuccessfully who died) and in other 2 by a distal splenorenal shunt;(2) Duodenal varices(or type 2 isolated gastric varices),an average of 12.5 mL was used per patient over 2-3 endoscopy ***-bleeding occurred in one patient,which was treated by TIPSS;and(3) Rectal varices,an average of 18.3 mL was used per patient over 3 endoscopy *** re-bleeding occurred in this ***:Human thrombin is a safe,easy to use and effective therapeutic option to control haemorrhage from gastric and ectopic varices.

关键词： Variceal haemorrhage Ectopic Varices Gastric varices, Portal hypertension Thrombin

CLASSES OF MEROMORPHIC FUNCTIONS ASSOCIATED WITH CONIC REGIONS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2012年第2期32卷 765-774页

作者： J.Dziok Institute of Mathematics University of Rzesz'owul.Rejtana 16APL-35-310 RzeszówPoland

The object of this article is to introduce new classes of meromorphic functions associated with conic regions. Several properties like the coefficient bounds, growth and distortion theorems, radii of starlikeness and convexity, partial sums, are investigated. Some consequences of the main results for the well-known classes of meromorphic functions are also pointed out.

关键词： Meromorphic functions conic regions varying argument subordination Hadamard product convolution

Two coplanar cracks in a functionally graded piezoelectric material strip under mechanical and transient thermal loadings

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第11期55卷 2088-2099页

作者： UEDA Sei Department of Mechanical Engineering Osaka Institute of Technology5-16-1 OmiyaAsahi-kuOsaka535-8585Japan

In this paper,the fracture problem of a functionally graded piezoelectric material strip(FGPM strip) containing two coplanar cracks perpendicular to its boundaries is *** problem is solved for an FGPM strip that is suddenly heated from the bottom surface under static mechanical *** top surface is maintained at the initial *** crack faces are supposed to be completely *** properties are assumed to be exponentially dependent on the distance from the bottom *** using the Laplace and Fourier transforms,the thermoelectromechanical fracture problem is reduced to a set of singular integral equations,which are solved *** stress intensity factors for the cases of the two embedded cracks,two edge cracks,and an embedded crack and an edge crack are computed and presented as a function of the normalized time,the nonhomogeneous and geometric parameters.

关键词： functionally graded piezoelectric material fracture mechanics elasticity coplanar cracks stress intensity factor integral transform transient response