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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第3期13卷 66-68页

作者： Takahiko Nagamine Department of psychiatric Internal Medicine Sunlight Brain Research CenterHofu 7470066YamaguchiJapan

Medical procedures are inherently invasive and carry the risk of inducing pain to the mind and ***,efforts have been made to alleviate the discomfort associated with invasive medical procedures through the use of virtual reality(VR)*** has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for pain associated with medical procedures,as well as for chronic pain conditions for which no effective treatment has been *** precise mechanism by which the diversion from reality facilitated by VR contributes to the diminution of pain and anxiety has yet to be ***,the provision of positive images through VR-based visual stimulation may enhance the functionality of brain *** salience network is diminished,while the default mode network is ***,the medial prefrontal cortex may establish a stronger connection with the default mode network,which could result in a reduction of pain and *** research into the potential of VR technology to alleviate pain could lead to a reduction in the number of individuals who overdose on painkillers and contribute to positive change in the medical field.

关键词： Virtual reality Pain Anxiety Salience network Default mode network

An investigation into the physical assessment abilities of critical care nurses in an internationally recognized hospital

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Frontiers of Nursing 2025年第1期12卷 99-106页

作者： Gideon Victor Faisal Aziz Jamal Hussain Noman Iqbal Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University Shifa College of NursingIslamabadPakistan center for Biomarker research in Medicine Medical University of GrazGrazAustria Intensive Care Unit PAEC General HospitalIslamabadPakistan Intensive Care Nursing IslamabadNursing CollegeBhara KahuIslamabadPakistan

Objective: Physical assessment is an indispensable and pivotal skill that nurses must aptly monitor, evaluate, and deliver timely care, particularly in the context of critically ill patients. However, studies have revealed instances where nurses demonstrate inaccurate practices. This study is aimed to measure the physical assessment skills of critical care nurses and the differences between levels of nursing education. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted involving a simple random sample of 101 nurses employed in critical care units. Results: Of the 101 participants, 56.4% were identified as female and 43.6% were male. In the sample, 71.0% held a diploma in nursing, while 29.0% held a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN). Vital signs, orientation, and skin assessments were performed correctly in ≥90% of cases, whereas the majority (≥60%) did not correctly assess neck veins, Homan’s signs, breath sounds, heart sounds, and bowel sounds. Only ≤10% of participants accurately executed these assessments. Significant associations were found between sex and pain (P=0.034), as well as between the type of education and closure of the health assessment (P=0.041). Further, female nurses scored 10.0 ± 2.3, and male nurses 8.5 ± 2.5, diploma holders scored 9.4 ± 1.8, and BSN holders scored 9.3 ± 2.7 at the global rating. Conclusions: The presence of an existing gap in the accurate assessment of patients poses a potential risk to patient care. It is essential to investigate the factors contributing to this gap and to develop strategies to address it, thereby enhancing the quality of physical assessment and ultimately improving patient care.

关键词： critical care nursing nurses patient physical assessment

Decoding molecular mechanisms:brain aging and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2279-2299页

作者： Mahnoor Hayat Rafay Ali Syed Hammad Qaiser Mohammad Uzair Khalid Al-Regaiey Roaa Khallaf Lubna Abdullah Mohammed Albassam Imdad Kaleem Xueyi Wang Ran Wang Mehwish SBhatti Shahid Bashir Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences(ASAB) National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)IslamabadPakistan Department of Biotechnology Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabadPakistan Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Basic&Applied SciencesInternational Islamic University Islamabad(IIUI)IslamabadPakistan Department of Bioengineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahranSaudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Neurology Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Mental Health Neuroscience CenterKing Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia Department of Biosciences Commission on Science and Technology for Sustainable Development in the South(COMSATS University)IslamabadPakistan Department of Psychiatry The First Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Mental Health Institute of Hebei Medical University ShijiazhuangHebei ProvinceChina Department of Neurobiology and Behavior University of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA Neuroscience center King Fahad Specialist Hospital DammamDammamSaudi Arabia

The complex morphological,anatomical,physiological,and chemical mechanisms within the aging brain have been the hot topic of research for *** aging process alters the brain structure that affects functions and cognitions,but the worsening of such processes contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders,such as Alzheimer's *** these observable,mild morphological shifts,significant functional modifications in neurotransmission and neuronal activity critically influence the aging *** these changes is important for maintaining cognitive health,especially given the increasing prevalence of age-related conditions that affect *** review aims to explore the age-induced changes in brain plasticity and molecular processes,differentiating normal aging from the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease,thereby providing insights into predicting the risk of dementia,particularly Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain aging cognitive health dementia molecular mechanisms neuronal activity neuroplasticity neurotransmission

Glial response in the midcingulate cortex in Huntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第1期20卷 207-208页

作者： Thulani H.Palpagama Andrea Kwakowsky center for Brain research and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Pharmacology and Therapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CenterUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

Huntington’s disease(HD)is a genetic disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of the striatum and *** can present with a variety of symptoms that can broadly be classified into motor symptoms,inclusive of choreatic movements and rigidity,mood and psychiatric symptoms,such as depression and apathy,and cognitive symptoms,such as cognitive *** causal mutation underlying HD results from an expansion of a CAG repeat sequence on the IT15 gene,resulting in the formation and accumulation of a mutant huntingtin protein.

关键词： Huntington degeneration cortex

Genome-wide association analysis reveals regulatory genes for the metabolite synthesis of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in aromatic coconut(Cocos nucifera L.)

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第2期52卷 179-188页

作者： Hao Ding Xiang Lv Guangzhen Zhou Xiaomei Liu Xiwei Sun Jing Li Amjad Iqbal Yaodong Yang Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Oil Crops Biology/Coconut research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural SciencesWenchangHainan 571339China Hainan Coconut International Joint research center WenchangHainan 571339China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan ProvinceCollege of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikouHainan 570228China Department of Food Science&Technology Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan23200Pakistan

Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.)is a key tropical economic tree valued for its fruit flavor,particularly 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2AP),a vital aroma *** enhance high-aromatic coconut breeding efforts,it is essential to deeply understand the hereditary factors governing the production of *** this study,a genome-wide association analysis identifies 32 loci that exhibit significant associations with 2AP content based on single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)variations from 168 aromatic coconut germplasm *** analysis then pinpoints 22 candidate genes near significant loci involved in 2AP *** encoded by these genes are involved in amino acid metabolism,glycolysis,and secondary *** these,Asparagine synthetase coding gene ASN1,Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase coding gene GSH1,and UbiA prenyltransferase coding gene UBIA are enriched in the linkage region constructed by significant locus Chr04_*** particular,the SNP mutation of CnASN1 leads to amino acid changes in the functional region of the coding protein,potentially resulting in differences in 2AP content among haplotype *** variations in related candidate genes,particularly the gene CnASN1,provides molecular markers closely associated with 2AP synthesis for coconut breeding and offers further insights into the metabolic mechanisms of 2AP.

关键词： Aromatic coconut 2AP SNP Genome-wideassociation study(GWAS) Haplotype analysis

Biochar as a Climate-Smart Agricultural Practice: Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Promoting Sustainable Farming

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2025年第1期94卷 65-99页

作者： Muhammad Nazim Abdul Ghafoor Abida Hussain Mehwish Tabassum Aamir Nawaz Muhammad Ahmad Murad Muhammad Muqarrab Ali State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsXinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China center for Water and Environmental Studies College of Agricultural and Food SciencesKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Department of Climate Change Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental SciencesMuhammad Nawaz Shareef University of AgricultureMultan66000Pakistan Department of Botany Division of Science and Technology University of EducationLahore54000Pakistan Institute of Chemistry Faculty of Chemical and Biological SciencesThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad38040Pakistan

In recent years, the world has faced rising global temperatures, accumulative pollution, and energy crises, stimulating scientists worldwide to strive for eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions. Biochar has materialized as a favorable tool for environmental remediation, indicating efficacy as an efficient sorbent substance for both inorganic and organic pollutants in environmental field. These unique properties exclude improved surface functionality, porous morphology, large specific surface area (SSA), cation exchange capacity (CEC), robust adsorption capabilities, environmental stability, and embedded micronutrients. Biochar exhibited potential characteristics for environmental oversight, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction, and soil fertility improvement. This review explores the impact of fundamental factors such as retention time, pyrolysis temperature, gas flow rate, and reactor design on biochar yield and properties. Collected data revealed the various applications of biochar, ranging from waste management and construction materials to the adsorptive removal of hydrocarbon lubricants from aqueous media, contaminant immobilization, and carbon sequestration. It has played mostly a significant share in climate change mitigation and an important role in soil amendments. Biochar improves soil improvement by increasing water retention (10%–30%), carbon sequestration, soil surface functionality, and providing high surface area with chemical stability. The assessment also reports the prospects and contests associated with biochar application uses in various agriculture cropping ecosystems. Inclusive, this review highlights the multifaceted characteristics of biochar as an adjustable on top of a sustainable solution addressing greenhouse gas emission, carbon sequestration, and environmental stresses. However, further research is needed to understand its long-term impacts and optimal applications fully.

关键词： Agro-ecology biochar carbon storage greenhouse gas reduction sustainable agriculture

A Latency-Aware and Fault-Tolerant Framework for Resource Scheduling and Data Management in Fog-Enabled Smart City Transportation Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 1377-1399页

作者： Ibrar Afzal Noor ul Amin Zulfiqar Ahmad Abdulmohsen Algarni Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21300Pakistan Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia

Thedeployment of the Internet of Things(IoT)with smart sensors has facilitated the emergence of fog computing as an important technology for delivering services to smart environments such as campuses,smart cities,and smart transportation *** computing tackles a range of challenges,including processing,storage,bandwidth,latency,and reliability,by locally distributing secure information through end *** of endpoints,fog nodes,and back-end cloud infrastructure,it provides advanced capabilities beyond traditional cloud *** smart environments,particularly within smart city transportation systems,the abundance of devices and nodes poses significant challenges related to power consumption and system *** address the challenges of latency,energy consumption,and fault tolerance in these environments,this paper proposes a latency-aware,faulttolerant framework for resource scheduling and data management,referred to as the FORD framework,for smart cities in fog *** framework is designed to meet the demands of time-sensitive applications,such as those in smart transportation *** FORD framework incorporates latency-aware resource scheduling to optimize task execution in smart city environments,leveraging resources from both fog and cloud *** simulation-based executions,tasks are allocated to the nearest available nodes with minimum *** the event of execution failure,a fault-tolerantmechanism is employed to ensure the successful completion of *** successful execution,data is efficiently stored in the cloud data center,ensuring data integrity and reliability within the smart city ecosystem.

关键词： Fog computing smart cities smart transportation data management fault tolerance resource scheduling

Social function scores and influencing factors in patients with residual depressive symptoms

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2025年第1期15卷 117-127页

作者： Zong-Ling Liao Xiao-Li Pu Zhi-Yi Zheng Jie Luo Department 1 of Psychiatry Gele Mountain Hospital of Chongqing Mental Health CenterChongqing 400030China Department of Psychology Chongqing Jiangjin District Psychiatric HospitalChongqing 402260China Department of Psychiatry Chongqing Third Social Welfare InstituteChongqing 400036China Women and Children’s Mental Health center Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Population and Family Planning Research InstituteChongqing 400020China

BACKGROUND At present,the influencing factors of social function in patients with residual depressive symptoms are still *** depressive symptoms are highly harmful,leading to low mood in patients,affecting work and interpersonal communication,increasing the risk of recurrence,and adding to the burden on *** the influencing factors of their social function is of great *** To explore the social function score and its influencing factors in patients with residual depressive *** This observational study surveyed patients with residual depressive symptoms(case group)and healthy patients undergoing physical examinations(control group).Participants were admitted between January 2022 and December *** functioning was assessed using the Sheehan Disability Scale(SDS),and scores were compared between *** influencing SDS scores in patients with residual depressive symptoms were analyzed by applying multiple linear regression while using the receiver operating characteristic curve,and these RESULTS The SDS scores of the 158 patients with depressive symptoms were 11.48±*** with the control group,the SDS scores and all items in the case group were *** scores were higher in patients with relapse,discon-tinuous medication,drug therapy alone,severe somatic symptoms,obvious residual symptoms,and anxiety scores≥*** history,medication compliance,therapy method,and residual symptoms correlated positively with SDS scores(r=0.354,0.414,0.602,and 0.456,respectively).Independent influencing factors included disease history,medication compliance,therapy method,somatic symptoms,residual symptoms,and anxiety scores(P<0.05).The areas under the curve for predicting social functional impairment using these factors were 0.713,0.559,0.684,0.729,0.668,and 0.628,respectively,with sensitivities of 79.2%,61.8%,76.8%,81.7%,63.6%,and 65.5%and specificities of 83.3%,87.5%,82.6%,83.3%,86.7%,and 92.1%,respectively.C

关键词： Depressive Residual symptoms Social function Influence factors

Enhancing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography safety: Predictive insights into gastric retention

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2025年第3期17卷 418-421页

作者： Asad Gul Rao Abdulqadir J Nashwan Clinical Medicine Dow Medical CollegeKarachi 74200Pakistan Department Nursing and Midwifery research Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is a vital tool for diagnosing and treating biliary and pancreatic disorders,but its safety and efficacy are marred by preoperative gastric *** et al retrospectively analyzed 190 patients who underwent ERCP and found that gastrointestinal obstruction,jaundice,opioid use,female sex,and primary diseases were in-dependent predictors and risk factors of preoperative gastric *** on these findings and comprehensive analysis,a proposed predictive model offers clinicians valuable tools to tailor preoperative strategies,improving the proce-dural safety and efficacy of *** having several limitations,like single-center design and limited generalizability,the study marks a significant advan-cement in optimizing ERCP outcomes through predictive *** research with larger populations and prospective designs is warranted to establish these findings.

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Gastric retention Gastro-paresis Preoperative assessment

Challenges in using virtual reality technology for pain relief

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第16期13卷 76-79页

作者： Takahiko Nagamine psychiatric Internal Medicine Sunlight Brain Research CenterHofu 7470066YamaguchiJapan

The present paper addresses two issues pertaining to the use of virtual reality(VR).One issue pertains to the equipment *** technology can be classified into two main categories:Immersive and *** immersive type of technology necessitates the use of substantial equipment,yet it is demonstrably ***,the efficacy of this approach is enhanced when combined with relaxation and biofeedback *** other issue is that the efficacy of this approach is diminished when applied to chronic pain,in comparison to acute *** relief of chronic pain is a challenging endeavor due to the diminished functionality of the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)within the default mode *** the close relationship between the mPFC and the reward system dopamine,it is essential to develop a program that activates the reward system dopamine through the use of VR technology.

关键词： Virtual reality Acute pain Chronic pain Brain network:Medial prefrontal cortex Dopamine