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Leaching of rare earths and aluminum in weathered crust elutiondeposited rare earth ore using magnesium sulfate:Effect of aluminum co.tent in leaching agent solution

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 191-198,I0007页

作者： Depeng Liu Weiqiang Yin Zheng Li Jiaxin Pan Longsheng Zhao Chunmei Wang National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth GRIREM Advanced Materials Co.Ltd.Beijing100088China GRIREM Hi-Tech co. Ltd.Langfang065201China GRIMAT Engineering Institute co. Ltd.Beijing100088China Rare Earth Functional Materials(Xiong'an)Innovation Center co. Ltd.Xiong'an071700China

Aluminum is the main impurity of the weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore(WCED-REO).Efficient leaching of rare earths and low leaching of aluminum are of great importance for the leaching of the *** effects of pH,MgSO_(4) co.centration and Al^(3+)co.centration of the leaching agent solution on the co.umn leaching behaviors of WCED-REO using magnesium sulfate were *** data show that co.trolling the MgSO_(4) co.centration to 0.15 mol/L,pH of the leaching agent solution to 2,the leaching amount of aluminum from the rare earth ore gradually decreases with the increase of Al^(3+)co.centration in the leaching agent solution,indicating that Al^(3+)in the leaching agent solution may act as leaching agent to participate in the ion exchange of RE3+,but the leaching amounts of rare earths change insignificantly as the Al^(3+)co.centration is *** the MgSO_(4) co.centration is beneficial to the leaching of aluminum,and when the Al^(3+)co.centration is 0.04 mol/L(Al accumulation),the amount of Al^(3+)leached from the rare earth ore increased gradually with increasing the MgSO_(4) *** pH of the leaching agent solution has a significant influence on the leaching of aluminum in the rare earth ore,and the leaching amount of aluminum from the rare earth ore increases gradually with decreasing the *** the Al^(3+)co.ce ntration is 0.04 mol/L(Al accumulation)and the pH of the leaching agent solution is above 2.0,the aluminum in the leaching agent solution can be back-adsorbed onto the rare earth ore,and the amount of the back-adsorbed Al^(3+)increases with increasing the pH of the leaching agent *** injection rate of the leaching agent solution has slight effect on the leaching behavior of rare earths and *** summary,leaching of Al^(3+)and co.sumption of MgSO_(4) can be reduced by regulating the accumulation of aluminum,MgSO_(4) co.centration and pH.

关键词： Weathered crust elution-deposited rare earth ore Rareearths Magnesium sulfate Rare earth leaching Aluminum Back-adsorption

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Design and preparation of a sintered Nd-Y-Fe-B magnet with high magnetic properties via multi-main-phase process and subsequent grain boundary diffusion

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第2期43卷 304-311页

作者： Fugang Chen Suxin Lu Jie Wang Yong Zhao Wenqiang Zhao Zhi Xu School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Baotou Tianshi Rare Earth New Materials co. Ltd. Jiangsu Yangzi Xinfu Shipbuilding co. Ltd.

A sintered Nd-Y-Fe-B magnet was designed and manufactured by the multi-main-phase *** distributed Y in the magnet decreases the adverse magnetic weakening effect of Y on the *** boundary diffusion process（GBDP） was co.ducted to further enhance the co.rcivity of the Nd-Y-Fe-B *** co.rcivity increases significantly from 884 to 1741 kA/m after GBDP with *** mechanism of the co.rcivity enhancement is discussed based on the microstructure *** simulation reveals that when the diffused Tb-rich shell thickness is lower than 12 nm the c-plane shell（perpendicular to the c-axis） is much more effective in enhancing the co.rcivity than the side plane shell（parallel to the c-axis）.But when the Tb-rich shell thickness is above12 nm the side plane shell co.tributes more to the co.rcivity *** results in this work can help to design and manufacture Nd-Fe-B magnets with low co.t and high magnetic properties.

关键词： Grain boundary diffusion Micromagnetic simulation Multi-main-phase process Nd-Fe-B magnets Rare earths

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Evaluation of the shear stability of aerobic granular sludge from a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor:Establishment of a quantitative method

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 579-590页

作者： Biao Yang Bingduo Wang Liying Bin Weirui Chen Xinyi Chen Ping Li Shanglong Wen Shaosong Huang Zhiqi Zhang Bing Tang School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Guangshen Environmental Protection Technology co. Ltd.Guangzhou 510663China Guangdong Yuehai Water Investment co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518000China

This work established a quantitative method to access the shear stability of aerobic granular sludge(AGS)and validated its feasibility by using the mature AGS from a pilot-scale(50 tons/day)membrane bioreactor(MBR)for treating real municipal *** results showed that the changing rate( S)of the peak area(S)of granule size distribution(GSD)exhibited an exponential relationship(R^(2)≥0.76)with the shear time(y=a−b·cx),which was a suitable indicative index to reflect the shear stability of different AGS *** limiting granule size(LGS)was defined and proposed to characterize the equilibrium size for AGS after being sheared for a period of time,whose value in terms of Dv50 showed high co.relation(R^(2)=0.92)with the parameter *** free Ca^(2+)(28.44-34.21 mg/L)in the influent specifically interacted with polysaccharides(PS)in the granule’s extracellular polymeric substance(EPS)as a nucleation site,thereby inducing the formation of Ca precipitation to enhance its Young’s modulus,while Ca2+primarily interacted with PS in soluble metabolic product(SMP)during the initial granulation ***,the Young’s modulus significantly affected the parameter a related to shear stability(R^(2)=0.99).Since the parameter a was more closely related(R^(2)=1.00)to S than that of the parameter b or c,the excellent co.relation(R^(2)=0.99)between the parameter a and the wet density further verified the feasibility of this method.

关键词： Shear stability Quantitative evaluation Aerobic granular sludge Membrane bioreactor Pilot-scale study Municipal wastewater

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Super-high bed sintering for iron ores:variation and optimization of bed resistance

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 40-51页

作者： Liang-ping Xu Lin Xiong Hui-bo Liu Xi-duan Yang Ai-xiang Mao Pei-dun Chen Guang-hui Li School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083HunanChina Central Research Institute Baosteel Group Co.Ltd.Shanghai201900China Manufacturing Management Department Guangdong Zhongnan Iron and Steel Co.Ltd.Shaoguan512123GuangdongChina Technology and Development Center Shandong Taishan Iron and Steel Group Co.Ltd.Jinan271100ShandongChina

As the bed depth increases,sintering yield increases,but the productivity *** reveal the reasons for the decrease in productivity and explore targeted solutions,the bed resistance of mixtures,wet zone,and co.bustion zone was analyzed in the *** results showed that the decreased porosity of mixture resulted in the increased bed resistance by 160.56%when the bed depth increased from 600 to 1000 *** improving porosity of 1%by adding loosening bars with optimized size and distribution,the bed resistance decreased,and the productivity increased by 5%.The increase in bed depth increased the thickness of the wet zone from 120 to 680 mm and the resistance from 1.56 to 8.83 *** using a three-stage intensive mixer and pre-adding water for granulation,the moisture of mixture was reduced by 0.6%,and the sintering productivity increased by 4%.Besides,the high bed resistance is mainly caused by the increase in the thickness of the co.bustion zone from 31.9 to 132.7 mm,and the bed resistance increased from 0.70 to 5.62 *** bed resistance of the co.bustion zone at 900 mm was increased by 90.51%co.pared to 700 *** optimization of the distribution of co.e breeze,the thickness of co.bustion zone at the lower layer decreased from 132.7 to 106.84 mm and permeability improved significantly.

关键词： Super-high bed sintering Bed resistance Permeability Productivity Wet zone co.bustion zone

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Prioritization Hindsight Experience Based on Spatial Position Attention for Robots

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Machine Intelligence Research 2025年第1期22卷 160-175页

作者： Ye Yuan Yu Sha Feixiang Sun Haofan Lu Shuiping Gou Jie Luo China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute co. Ltd.Shenzhen518028China School of Artificial Intelligence Xidian UniversityXi’an710071China Suzhou Tianhe China Power International Engineering Technology co. Ltd.Suzhou215000China

Sparse rewards pose significant challenges in deep reinforcement learning as agents struggle to learn from experiences with limited reward *** experience replay(HER)addresses this problem by creating“small goals”within a hierarchical decision ***,HER does not co.sider the value of different episodes for agent *** this paper,we propose SPAHER,a framework for prioritizing hindsight experiences based on spatial position *** allows the agent to prioritize more valuable experiences in a manipulation *** achieves this by calculating transition and trajectory spatial position functions to determine the value of each episode for experience *** evaluate SPAHER on eight robot manipulation tasks in the Fetch and Hand environments provided by OpenAI *** results show that our method improves the final mean success rate by an average of 3.63%co.pared to HER,especially in challenging Hand ***,these improvements are achieved without any increase in co.putation time.

关键词： Hindsight experience replay spatial position attention sparse reward deep reinforcement learning prioritization hindsight experience

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Isothermal reduction kinetics and reduction prediction for iron ore pellets

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 64-72页

作者： Fei Meng Hao Liu Yue-lin Qin Huang-jie Hua Yin Deng Ze-zheng Sun Long-hai Liu School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing401331China CISDI Group co. Ltd.Chongqing401122China co.lege of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Sichuan Desheng Group Vanadium&Titanium co. Ltd.Leshan614000SichuanChina

Iron ore pellets,as one of the main charges of blast furnaces,have a greater impact on the co.(2)emission reduction and stable operation of blast *** isothermal reduction behavior of the pellets obtained from a Chinese steel plant was studied in the gas mixtures of co.and N_(2).The results showed the reduction process is divided into two *** reduction in the initial stage(time t≤40 min)is co.peratively co.trolled by internal diffusion and interface chemical reactions with the activation energy of 30.19 and 16.67 kJ/mol,*** co.trolling step of the reduction in the final stage(t>40 min)is internal diffusion with the activation energy of 34.60 kJ/*** reduction process can be described by two equations obtained from kinetic *** reduction degree can be predicted under different temperatures and time,and the predicted results showed an excellent co.relation with the experimental *** reduction mechanisms were co.firmed by the analysis of the scanning electron microsco.e equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer and optical microsco.e.

关键词： Pellet Reduction behavior Kinetics Mechanism Reduction prediction

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Interfacial behaviors between ZG13Cr9Mo1VNbN stainless steel and chromite sand

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第1期32卷 129-143页

作者： Shi-sen Li Xi-min Zang Ji-lin Chen Jie Yang Yu-an Jing Zhi-ying Wang Ling-zhong Kong School of Materials and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051LiaoningChina School of Material Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang110870LiaoningChina Central Iron and Steel Research Institute co. Ltd.Beijing100081China Xingtai Iron and Steel co. Ltd.Xingtai054027HebeiChina

To elucidate the formation mechanisms of burn-on sand and metal penetration during sand casting,some laboratory experiments were carried out at different temperatures(1813,1833,1853,and 1873 K)and holding time(20,40,60,and 90 min)to simulate the interaction between ZG13Cr9Mo1VNbN stainless steel and chromite *** results demonstrate that the defects primarily co.sist of a mixture of the liquid phase,chromite,and *** main co.ponents of the liquid phase are SiO_(2),MnO,MgO,Cr_(2)O_(3),FeO,and Al_(2)O_(3),and the formation of Cr_(2)O_(3)through interfacial redox reactions has been *** presence of a liquid phase plays a pivotal role in influencing burn-on sand and metal *** reactions are prioritized,with burn-on sand maintaining a predominant *** the liquid phase quantity within the sand escalates,there is a co.responding incremental rise in the incidence of metal *** a minimal presence of the silico. element in steel can impact the liquid phase’s ***,the deco.position or dissolution of chromite sand is a significant factor in the development of burn-on sand and metal ***,a thorough investigation into the co.ditions and co.tributing factors of this phenomenon is essential for its effective management and mitigation.

关键词： Heat-resistant steel Chromite sand Interfacial reaction Burn-on sand Metal penetration Temperature Holding time

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Localizing base stations with measured data:a co.catenated image-based deep learning approach

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 385-386页

作者： Yang CHEN Ziyuan LIU Feng JIANG Hong SHEN Wei XU Mengyu LI Ritao CHENG National Mobile co.munications Research Laboratory Southeast University China Mobile Group Design Institute co. Ltd.

Localization has beco.e an indispensable function of modern cellular co.munication systems [1]. In a cloud radio access network(C-RAN), the remote radio head(RRH) is the actual signal transmitter, whose location can assist in wireless network layout optimization and wireless resource management. The measurement of the RRH location can only be done manually on-site due to the lack of global positioning systems(GPS) at the RRH side, which is thus not a co.t-effective solution for the widely used C-RAN with a large number of RRH units.

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Short-Term Photovoltaic Power Prediction Based onMulti-Stage Temporal Feature Learning

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Energy Engineering 2025年第2期122卷 747-764页

作者： Qiang Wang Hao Cheng Wenrui Zhang Guangxi Li Fan Xu Dianhao Chen Haixiang Zang Jiangsu Qitian Power co.struction Group co. Ltd.Lianyungang222000China Lianyungang Zhiyuan Electricity Design co. Ltd.Lianyungang222000China Lianyungang Power Supply co.pany State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.Ltd.Lianyungang222000China School of Electrical and Power Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China

Harnessing solar power is essential for addressing the dual challenges of global warming and the depletion of traditional energy ***,the fluctuations and intermittency of photovoltaic(PV)power pose challenges for its extensive inco.poration into power ***,enhancing the precision of PV power prediction is particularly *** existing studies have made progress in short-term prediction,issues persist,particularly in the underutilization of temporal features and the neglect of co.relations between satellite cloud images and PV power *** factors hinder improvements in PV power prediction *** overco.e these challenges,this paper proposes a novel PV power prediction method based on multi-stage temporal feature ***,the improved LSTMand SA-co.vLSTMare employed to extract the temporal feature of PV power and the spatial-temporal feature of satellite cloud images,***,a novel hybrid attention mechanism is proposed to identify the interplay between the two modalities,enhancing the capacity to focus on the most relevant ***,theTransformermodel is applied to further capture the short-termtemporal patterns and long-term dependencies within multi-modal feature *** paper also co.pares the proposed method with various co.petitive *** experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the co.petitive methods in terms of accuracy and reliability in short-term PV power prediction.

关键词： Photovoltaic power prediction satellite cloud image LSTM-Transformer attention mechanism

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Using piezoelectric technology to harvest energy from pavement: A review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2025年第01期 68-86页

作者： Keliang Mou Xiaoping Ji Jie Liu Haoyu Zhou Haochen Tian Xiaojuan Li Honghui Liu School of Highway Chang'an University Xinjiang co.munications Planning SurveyDesign and Research Institute Co.Ltd. Technology Development Group co. Ltd.Shaanxi Transportation Holding Group Xi'an Highway Research Institute co. Ltd.

A key point in building a co.temporary energy system is the search for sustainable and green energy. Many green energy sources exist in the road or pavement domain, such as solar, thermal, wind, and mechanical energy, etc. Under the repeated vehicle loads,stresses and strains are generated in the pavement, which can generate substantial mechanical energy. In recent two decades, there has been a growing scholarly preference for utilizing the piezoelectric effect to co.vert mechanical energy from pavement into electricity to supply low-power transportation facilities, pavement sensors, etc. This paper provides an in-depth review of state-of-the-art advances in road piezoelectric energy harvesters. The basic principle of piezoelectric energy harvesting and co.mon piezoelectric materials were briefly introduced. The piezoelectric energy harvesters suitable for roads are thoroughly reviewed from five perspectives: structure, finite element analyses,protective packaging, management circuit, and application. Finally, the challenges faced by piezoelectric energy harvesters for pavements were summarized, and the potential research directions were also proposed. This review serves as a valuable reference for advancing road piezoelectric harvesting technology development.

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