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Physiological Mechanism of Salicylic Acid for Alleviation of Salt Stress in Rice

Rice science 2017年第2期24卷 97-108页

作者： D.JINI B.JOSEPH Department of biotechnology Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveli 627012Tamil NaduIndia Dean Centre for Research and ConsultancyHindustan University/Institute of Technology and SciencePadurKelambakkamChennai 603103Tamil NaduIndia

Soil salinity is one of the most important problems of crop production in estuarine and coastal zones. Improvement in salt tolerance of major food crops is an important way for the economic utilization of coastal zones. This study proved that the application of salicylic acid(SA) improved the growth and yield under salt stress conditions and investigated its physiological mechanisms for salt tolerance. The investigation on the effect of SA for salt tolerance during germination showed that the decreased rates of germination and growth(in terms of shoot and root lengths) by the salt stress were significantly increased by the SA application(SA + NaCl). The treatment of SA to the high and low saline soils enhanced the growth, yield and nutrient values of rice. The effects of SA on Na^+, K^+ and Cl~– ionic accumulation were traced under salt stress condition by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and ion chromatography. It was revealed that the increased accumulation of Na^+ and Clˉ ions by the salt stress were reduced by SA application. An increased concentration of endogenous SA level was detected from the SA-treated rice varieties(ASD16 and BR26) by liquid chromatography electrospray Ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase were increased by salt stress whereas decreased by the SA application. The study proved that the application of SA could alleviate the adverse effects of salt stress by the regulation of physiological mechanism in rice plants. In spite of salt stress, it can be applied to the coastal and estuarine regions to increase the rice production.

关键词： salicylic acid salt tolerance Oryza sativa NaCl germination physiology

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Biomarkers of Metabolic(Dysfunction)-associated Fatty Liver Disease:An Update

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第1期10卷 134-139页

作者： Jawaher Alharthi Mohammed Eslam Storr Liver centre Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead Hospital and University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Department of biotechnology Faculty of ScienceTaif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabi

The prevalence of metabolic(dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is rapidly increasing and affects up to two billion individuals globally,and this has also resulted in increased risks for cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and liver *** addition,it has also been linked to extrahepatic consequences,such as cardiovascular disease,diabetes,and various types of ***,only a small proportion of patients with MAFLD develop these ***,the identification of high-risk patients is *** fibrosis is the major determinant in developing these ***,liver biopsy is still considered the gold standard for the assessment of patients with *** of its invasive nature,among many other limitations,the search for noninvasive biomarkers for MAFLD remains an area of intensive *** this review,we provide an update on the current and future biomarkers of MAFLD,including a discussion of the associated genetics,epigenetics,microbiota,and *** also touch on the next wave of multiomic-based biomarkers.

关键词： Biomarkers Metabolic(dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease Scores

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Protecting future antimalarials from the trap of resistance:Lessons from artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) failures

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2021年第5期11卷 541-554页

作者： Nekpen Erhunse Dinkar Sahal Malaria Drug Discovery research Group International Centre for Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyNew Delhi110067India Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of BeninBenin CityEdo-StateNigeria

Having faced increased clinical treatment failures with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine(DHA-PPQ),Cambodia swapped the first line artemisinin-based combination therapy(ACT)from DHA-PPQ to artesunate-mefloquine given that parasites resistant to piperaquine are susceptible to ***,triple mutants have now emerged,suggesting that drug rotations may not be adequate to keep resistance at *** is,therefore,an urgent need for alternative treatment strategies to tackle resistance and prevent its spread.A proper understanding of all contributors to artemisinin resistance may help us identify novel strategies to keep artemisinins effective until new drugs become available for their *** review highlights the role of the key players in artemisinin resistance,the current strategies to deal with it and suggests ways of protecting future antimalarial drugs from bowing to resistance as their predecessors did.

关键词： Artemisinin resistance Quiescence K13 mutations Non-K13 mutations Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT)failure Drugs in development Malaria eradication

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Diversity of coronaviruses in wild and domestic birds in Vietnam

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第10期15卷 442-450页

作者： Vasily Y.Marchenko Natalia P.Kolosova Alexey V.Danilenko Maria K.Bragina Tran Thi Nhai Alexander B.Ryzhikov Federal Budgetary research Institution State research Center of Virology and biotechnology“Vector”Rospotrebnadzor 630559Novosibirsk regionKoltsovoRussia Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical research and Technology centre 650000Nguyen Van HuyenNghia DoCau GiayHanoiVietnam

Objective:To investigate the genetic diversity of coronaviruses in wild and domestic birds in the bird park and live poultry markets of Ca Mau province in Vietnam in ***:A total of 228 samples(121 from wild birds and 107 from poultry)were collected in the territory of Ca Mau province of Vietnam in *** avian samples were tested for the presence of the four genera of coronaviruses using reverse transcription and nested *** genetic analysis using targeted NGS sequencing of RdRp gene was performed for 29 representative samples(12 samples from wild birds and 17 from poultry).Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the neighbour joininig method with 1000 bootstrap replications using MEGA X ***:Among wild birds,21.5%samples were positive for the genetic material of coronaviruses and 38.3%samples were positive for coronaviruses among *** analysis of the partial sequence of RdRp gene from representative samples revealed that wild birds were carriers of gammacoronaviruses and *** poultry,three genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus(QX,Mass and Q1)were detected in chickens,with QX genotypes being predominant,and viruses of DCoV group were detected in domestic *** was no detection of alphacoronaviruses or betacoronaviruses in the studied ***:Coronaviruses of genera Gammacoronavirus and Deltacoronavirus were detected in wild birds.A high percentage of infectious bronchitis virus was detected in ***,there is a need for broader surveillance of coronaviruses in birds,which can be used for evaluation of diversity,evolution and distribution of coronaviruses in *** surveillance of coronaviruses circulation in wild and domestic animals is necessary for implementing strategic measures for poultry and domestic animal protection and for evaluation of possible risk of circulating coronaviruses to human health.

关键词： Avian coronavirus Gammacoronavirus Deltacoronavirus Surveillance Wild birds Poultry Vietnam

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Evaluation of the adjuvanticity of artemisinin with soluble Leishmania major antigens in BALB/c mice

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Journal of Nanjing Medical University 2009年第6期23卷 359-372页

作者： Albert Kimutai Willy K. Tonui Michael M. Gicheru Peter Kamau Ngure Johnstone Ingonga Stella Kepha Laban Ireri Njeru Dorcas Wachira Robert Karanja Muhia Milkah Mwangi Lydia B. Nyamwamu Department of Zoological Sciences Kenyatta University centre for biotechnology research and Development Kenya Medical Research Institute Science Department Daystar University School of Biological Sciences University of Nairobi

Objective： To determine the adjuvant potential of artemisinin with a soluble leishmanial antigen in vaccinating BALB/c mice. Methods： Seventy two female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned into six groups. The mice were vaccinated with soluble Leishmania antigens （SLA） alone, artemisinin co-administered with SLA, SLA and Bacille Calmette Gu fin （BCG） vaccine, and artemisinin and BCG alone. Unvaccinated mice formed the control group. The induction of cell-mediated immunity following vaccination was determined by measuring in vitro lymphocyte proliferation and the production of interleukin （IL）-4, IL-5 and gamma interferon （IFN-γ） determined by flow cytometry. Protection against L. major was determined by quantifying parasite burdens in L. major infected footpads using a limiting dilution assay and by measuring lesion sizes of the infected footpad compared to the contralateral uninfected footpad. Results： Mice receiving SLA plus artemisinin produced significantly high levels of IL-4 and IL-5 （P 〈 0.05） and low levels of IFN-γ, resulting in exacerbated disease. In addition, subcutaneous administration of SLA ＋ artemisinin, artemisinin alone or SLA alone resulted in the development of large footpad swellings and high parasite loads that were comparable to those of the control unvaccinated mice （P 〉 0.05）, resulting in exacerbated disease. Conclusion： These data suggest that artemisinin is not a suitable adjuvant for Leishmania vaccines. However, since artemisinin has been shown to be effective against Leishmania parasites in vitro and in vivo, further studies ought to be conducted to determine its immunochemotherapeutic potential when co-administered with Leishmania antigens.

关键词： Artemisinin Leishmania Soluble Leishmania antigens BALB/c mice immunity cytokine adjuvant interleukin-4 (IL-4) IL-5 IFN-γ lesion size footpad lesion vaccine parasite burden proliferation stimulation index

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Structure, composition and diversity of tree species in tropical moist deciduous forests of Eastern India: a case study of Nayagarh Forest Division, Odisha

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Journal of Forestry research 2017年第6期28卷 1212-1223页

作者： Tirthabrata Sahoo Pratap Chandra Panda Laxmikanta Acharya Taxonomy and Conservation Division Regional Plant Resource Centre Nayapalli Bhubaneswar Odisha 751015India centre of biotechnology Sikshya O Anusandhan UniversityGhatikia Bhubaneswar Odisha 751003 India

Quantitative assessment of tree species diversity from sample plots in seven forest ranges of Nayagarh Forest Division in Odisha state in the Eastern Ghats of India was made during the period April, 2011 to November, 2013. A total of 120 transects(1000 m × 5 m) were laid in Nayagarh, Odogaon, Pancharida, Khandapada, Dasapalla,Mahipur, and Gania forest ranges and tree stems of at least 30 cm GBH were measured. The regeneration potential of trees was assessed from 5 m × 5 m sample plots located within the main transect. A total of 177 tree species belonging to 120 genera and 44 families were recorded from the study area. Shorea robusta, Buchanania lanzan, Lannea coromandelica, Terminalia alata and Cleistanthus collinus were the predominant tree species. The stand density varied in the range of 355.33–740.53 stems ha)-1) while basal area ranged from 7.77 to 31.62 m2ha-1. The tree density and species richness decreased with increasing girth class. The highest number of species and maximum density was recorded in the girth class of 30–60 cm. The Shannon–Weiner and Simpson Indices with respect to trees with C30 cm GBH varied in the range of 2.07–3.79 cm and 0.03–0.37 cm respectively and the values of diversity indices are within the reported range for tropical forests of Indian sub-continent. The families, Dipterocarpaceae,Anacardiaceae, Combretaceae and Euphorbiaceae contributed to maximum species richness, stand density, and basal area. Regeneration of many tree species was observed to be poor. The present study provides baseline data for further ecological studies, forest management, and formulation of site-specific strategies for conservation of biological diversity in moist deciduous forests of Eastern India.

关键词： Eastern India Nayagarh Forest Division Odisha Tree diversity

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Biochar-Bacillus consortium for a sustainable agriculture:physicochemical and soil stability analyses

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 319-333页

作者： Aaronn Avit Ajeng Rosazlin Abdullah Tau Chuan Ling Institute of Biological Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia centre for research in biotechnology for Agriculture(CEBAR) Institute If Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Biochar has various agricultural applications,including the promising use as a carrier for beneficial ***,most recent research has demonstrated the possible attachment or immobilization of a single bacterial species onto biochar rather than a consortium of microbes for biotechnological ***,an assessment on the potential of oil palm kernel shell(OPKS)biochar as a biofilm-producing Bacillus consortium carrier through optimization study on the operating and environmental factors influencing the biofilm adhesion was conducted using response surface methodology(RSM)and the subsequent soil stability and storage potential of the *** highest Bacillus population was observed at temperature 33°C,agitation speed of 135 rpm,at a neutral pH of 7.5 with 10%(w/w)of sago starch as the co-carbon *** adhesion of Bacillus on OPKS biochar following the optimized conditions fitted pseudo-second order(PSO)of kinetic modelling(R^(2)=0.998).The optimized formulation was subjected to storage in different temperatures and in vitro soil incubation which revealed that the Bacillus biofilmadhered OPKS biochar may be stored up to 4 months with minimum range of live Bacillus viability reaching 107 CFU g^(-1) of biochar which is within the minimum range of acceptable biofertilizer viability(10^(6) CFU mL^(-1)).Formulation that is viable in room storage can be easily incorporated into current agricultural distribution networks that do not have *** work highlighted the physicochemical and soil stability qualities of optimized Bacillus consortium adhesion on biochar for agricultural usage.

关键词： Process optimization Biochar Plant growth promoting bacteria Adhesion kinetics And Isotherms

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GLP-1R Agonists Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2014年第1期19卷 27-33页

作者： ZHOU Bilan PENG Anlin GONG Hao HUANG Kun Tongji School of Pharmacy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Pharmacy the Third Hospital of Wuhan centre for Biomedicine research Wuhan Institutes of Biotechnology

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor （GLP-1R） agonists are widely used for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） be- cause of their glucose-lowering and weight-losing effects, and low risk of hypoglycemia. Hence, there is considerable interest in understanding the mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of GLP-I and developing stable and effective GLP-1R agonists. Here, we summarize the presently known mechanism of GLP-I actions, which are mainly through regulating cAMP-PKA signaling pathway; the latest developments in novel clinical GLP-1R agonists are also introduced, which are characterized with multiple properties, such as extended half-life, reduced side-effects, lower production costs and more convenient drug dosing mode. The potential risk of GLP-I-based therapeutics, an often-ignored fact, is also discussed.

关键词： glucagon-like peptide-I receptor (GLP-1R) GLP- 1R agonists type 2 diabetes

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Cancer cell cycle heterogeneity as a critical determinant of therapeutic resistance

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 189-204页

作者： Ebrahim H.Maleki Ahmad Reza Bahrami Maryam M.Matin Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceFerdowsi University of Mashhad*** MashhadIran Jagiellonian centre for Experimental Therapeutics(JCET) Jagiellonian University31-007 KrakowPoland Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences Jagiellonian University30-348 KrakowPoland Industrial biotechnology research Group Institute of BiotechnologyFerdowsi University of Mashhad*** MashhadIran Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics research Group Institute of BiotechnologyFerdowsi University of Mashhad***MashhadIran Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine research Group Iranian Academic Center for EducationCulture and Research(ACECR)Khorasan Razavi Branch917751376 MashhadIran

Intra-tumor heterogeneity is now arguably one of the most-studied topics in tumor biology,as it represents a major obstacle to effective cancer *** tumor cells are highly diverse at genetic,epigenetic,and phenotypic levels,intra-tumor heterogeneity can be assumed as an important contributing factor to the nullification of chemotherapeutic effects,and recurrence of the *** on the role of heterogeneous subpopulations of cancer cells with varying cell-cycle dynamics and behavior during cancer progression and treatment;herein,we aim to establish a comprehensive definition for adaptation of neoplastic cells against *** discuss two parallel and yet distinct subpopulations of tumor cells that play pivotal roles in reducing the effects of chemotherapy:"resistant"and"tolerant"***,this review also highlights the impact of the quiescent phase of the cell cycle as a survival mechanism for cancer *** understanding the mechanisms under-lying the quiescence,it provides an insightful perspective on cancer stem cells(CsCs)and their dual and intertwined functions based on their cell cycle state in response to ***-over,CSCs,epithelial-mesenchymal transformed cells,circulating tumor cells(CTCs),and disseminated tumor cells(DTCs),which are mostly in a quiescent state of the cell cycle are proved to have multiple biological links and can be implicated in our viewpoint of cell cycle heterogeneity in ***,increasing our knowledge of cell cycle heterogeneity is a key to identifying new therapeutic solutions,and this emerging concept may provide us with new opportunities to prevent the dreadful cancer recurrence.

关键词： Cancer stem cells(CSCs) Carcinoma Cell cycle heterogeneity Quiescence Therapy resistance Therapy tolerance Tumor dormancy

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Release rate kinetics of corrosion inhibitor loaded halloysite nanotube-based anticorrosion coatings on magnesium alloy AZ91D

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第1期9卷 202-215页

作者： Swapnil H.Adsul Uday D.Bagale Shirish H.Sonawane R.Subasri centre for Sol-Gel Coatings International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials(ARCI)BalapurHyderabad 500005Telangana StateIndia Department of Food and biotechnology South Ural State UniversityChelyabinsk 454080Russia Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004Telangana StateIndia

Halloysite nanotubes were used as nanocontainers to hold corrosion inhibitors such as Ce^(3+)-Zr^(4+),2-mercaptobenzothiazole and 8-hydroxyquinoline in their *** acid assisted etching of the nanotubes was carried out with a view to increase the lumen diameter and thereby,increase the amount of loading of the corrosion *** morphology of as-received and etched halloysite nanotubes was ob-served using TEM *** loading of corrosion inhibitors was confirmed using SEM-EDS and BET *** microcapsules were used as capping agents for the ends of the loaded HNTs following which,they were dispersed into a hybrid sol-gel silica *** coating method was used to generate coatings on AZ91D substrates followed by heat treatment at 130℃ for 1 *** release rate kinetics of corrosion inhibitors from as-received and etched nanotubes was investigated in buffer solutions of 3.5 wt%NaCl at different *** release mechanism of corrosion inhibitors from the HNT lumen was validated using various semi-empirical *** were also evaluated for their corrosion protection ability using electrochemical techniques after exposure to 3.5 wt%NaCl solution for 120 *** generated using Ce^(3+)-Zr^(4+)loaded into as-received halloysite nanotubes have shown more effective corrosion protection when compared to other corrosion inhibitors after 120 h exposure to the corrosive medium.

关键词： Sol-gel coating Halloysite nanotubes Corrosion inhibitors Release rate Magnesium alloy AZ91D

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