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Feasibility Study of Assist-Linked Brief Intervention for Substance Use Disorders in a Rural Community of Plateau state, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 206-222页

作者： Nwoga Charles Nnaemeka Audu Moses David Sambo Jacob Dusu Mafai Danboyi Kwei Dakwak Samuel Joseph Ndak Andarawus Zuhumnan Babatunde Stephen Psychiatry Department Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences University of Jos Jos Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria Psychology Department Quintessential Healthcare Centre Jos Plateau State Nigeria Psychology Department University of Jos Jos Nigeria Plateau state hospital management board Jos Plateau State Nigeria Department of Psychology Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye Ogun State Nigeria

Objective: We studied the feasibility of using Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) linked with Brief Intervention (ALBI) in treating Substance Use Disorder in Nigeria. There is a clear gap in meeting the needs for treatment and care for people with drug use disorders in Nigeria with many users reporting a self-perceived need for treatment and about 40% of them wanting to receive drug treatment but were unable to access such services. Methods: ASSIST questionnaire was used to gather baseline data, and ALBI along with Motivational Interviewing (MI) was used to intervene for 6 weeks following which ASSIST score was repeated and compared with baseline. Results: Majority of the participants were aged 21 - 30 years, mostly males with (61.3%) lacking steady jobs. Lifetime prevalence of any drug use was (88.2%). Three months prevalence was nicotine (72.0%), alcohol (66.7%), cannabis (47.3%), opioids (11.8%) among others. The ASSIST scores were mostly on the severe ranges. ASSIST result after six weeks showed marked reduction. The Mean Difference (MD) in the ASSIST scores after intervention was significant for tobacco, opioids, alcohol, and cannabis. The Cohen’s D effect size was large for tobacco (1.08), alcohol (0.92) and cannabis (0.73) but low for other substances. Conclusion: ALBI along with MI was helpful in combating the menace of substance use.

关键词： ASSIST ALBI SUD Rural Community Nigeria

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Association between ICU quality and in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients—the ECMO quality improvement action(EQIA)study:a national cohort study in China from 2017 to 2019

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 315-326页

作者： Wei Cheng Jieqing Chen Xudong Ma Jialu Sun Sifa Gao Ye Wang Longxiang Su Lu Wang Wei Du Huaiwu He Yujie Chen Zunzhu Li Qi Li Jianhua Sun Hongbo Luo Jinbang Liu Guangliang Shan Bing Du Yanhong Guo Dawei Liu Chang Yin Xiang Zhou on behalf of the China National Critical Care Quality Control Center-the ECMO quality improvement action(EQIA)study Department of Critical Care Medicine State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China Information Center Department/Department of Information management State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare DiseasesPeking Union Medical College HospitalPeking Union Medical College&Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100730China Department of Medical Administration National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing100044China School of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medicine SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China National Institute of hospital Administration National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeijing100044China 不详

This cohort study was performed to explore the influence of intensive care unit(ICU)quality on in-hospital mortality of veno-venous(V-V)extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)-supported patients in *** study involved all V-V ECMO-supported patients in 318 of 1700 tertiary hospitals from 2017 to 2019,using data from the National Clinical Improvement System and China National Critical Care Quality Control *** quality was assessed by quality control indicators and capacity *** the 2563 V-V ECMO-supported patients in 318 hospitals,a significant correlation was found between ECMO-related complications and *** reintubation rate within 48 hours after extubation and the total ICU mortality rate were independent risk factors for higher in-hospital mortality of V-V ECMO-supported patients(cutoff:1.5%and 7.0%;95%confidence interval:1.05–1.48 and 1.04–1.45;odds ratios:1.25 and 1.23;P=0.012 and P=0.015,respectively).Meanwhile,the V-V ECMO center volume was a protective factor(cutoff of≥50 cases within the 3-year study period;95%confidence interval:0.57–0.83,odds ratio:0.69,P=0.0001).The subgroup analysis of 864 patients in 11 high-volume centers further strengthened these ***,ICU quality may play an important role in improving the prognosis of V-V ECMO-supported patients.

关键词： veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in-hospital mortality high-volume centers quality control intensive care unit capacity parameters

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Small-scale outbreak of measles in the Irewole local government area of osun state in Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第6期2卷 33-36页

作者： Fatiregun AA Olowookere SA Abubakar O Aderibigbe A Department of Epidemiology Medical Statistics and Environmental HealthFaculty of Public HealthCollege of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadan osun state hospital management board State Hospital AsubiaroOsogbo osun state Ministry of Health Epidemiology UnitAbereOsogbo Department of Primary Health Care Disease Surveillance UnitIrewole Local Government AreaIkire

Objective:An investigation of an outbreak of measles in a district in Nigeria was initiated following confirmation of the *** objectives of the study were to assess the size and determine the cause of the outbreak. Methods:Visits were made to health facilities and affected *** were line-listed using specified forms and descriptive epidemiology carried out on collected ***:A total of 18 cases and 0 deaths were identified over a period of six *** of the cases(11%) were < 9 months of *** proportion of zero-dose children was 39%.Conclusion:Low herd immunity was suggested as the cause of the outbreak.

关键词： Measles Measles outbreak Outbreak investigation Nigeria

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Larval habitats of mosquito fauna in Osogbo metropolis,Southwestern Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第9期3卷 673-677页

作者： Monsuru Adebayo Adeleke Wasiu Olalekan Adebimpe Abdulwasiu Oladele Hassan Sunday Olukayode Oladejo IsmailOlaoye Ganiyu Olatunji Olatunde Taiwo Adewole Department of Biological Sciences Osun State University College of Health Sciences Osun State University Ladoke Akintola University Teaching hospital Department of Biology Osun StateCollege of Education Department of Economics Fountain University

Objective:To determine the larval habitats of mosquito fauna and possible impact of land use/land cover changes on the epidemiology of mosquito-bome diseases in Osogbo metropolis,Southwestern,***:All accessible larval habitats were surveyed between May and September,2011in Osogbo metropolis while Land Use/Land cover of the city was analyzed using 2 Lansat Multispectral Scanner satellite imagery of SPOT 1986 and *** TM ***:A total of six species namely,Aedes aegypti,Aedes albopictus,Aedes vittatus,Anopheles gambiae complex,Culex quinquefascialus and Erelmapodite chrysogaster were encountered during the *** occurrence and contribution of disused tyres was significantly higher(P0.05).The accessible land use/land covered of the study area between 1986 and 2009 showed that the wet land coverage and settlement area increased from 0.19 lo 9.09 hectare and 1.00 to 2.01 hectare respectively while the forest area decreased from 60.18 to 50.14 ***:The contribution of the habitats coupled with the increasing rale of flooded environment which could provide ample breeding sites for mosquitoes call for sustained environmental sanitation and management in Osogbo metropolis.

关键词： Larval habitats Mosquitoes Land use/land cover Nigeria

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Diabetes and peripheral artery disease:A review

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第6期12卷 827-838页

作者： David Olubukunmi Soyoye Olugbenga Olusola Abiodun Rosemary Temidayo Ikem Babatope Ayodeji Kolawole Anthony Olubunmi Akintomide Department of Medicine Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife 220282Osun StateNigeria Department of Medicine Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching HospitalIle-Ife 220282Osun StateNigeria Department of Medicine Federal Medical CentreJabi 900211AbujaNigeria

Peripheral arterial disease(PAD)refers to partial or complete occlusion of the peripheral vessels of the upper and lower *** usually occurs as part of systemic atherosclerosis in the coronary and cerebral *** prevalence of PAD is expected to continue to increase in the foreseeable future owing to the rise in the occurrence of its major risk *** ulcers,limb amputation and physical disability are some of its major *** mellitus(DM)remains a major risk for PAD,with DM patients having more than two-fold increased prevalence of PAD compared with the general *** clinical presentation in people with DM also differs slightly from that in the general *** addition,PAD in DM may lead to diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs),which precipitate hyperglycaemic emergencies and result in increased hospital admissions,reduced quality of life,and *** the epidemiological and clinical importance of PAD,it remains largely under diagnosed and hence undertreated,possibly because it is largely *** has been placed on neuropathy as a cause of DFUs,however PAD is equally *** review examines the epidemiology,pathophysiology and diagnosis of lower limb PAD in people with diabetes and relates these to the general *** also highlights recent innovations in the management of PAD.

关键词： Diabetes Peripheral arterial disease Diabetic foot ulcers Lower limb complications

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Prospective Evaluation of Outcomes of Mechanical Devices in Women with Symptomatic Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Ogbomoso, South-Western Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第4期11卷 461-473页

作者： Akintunde Olusegun Fehintola Olufemi Timothy Awotunde Olumuyiwa Ayotunde Ogunlaja Lawrence Olujire Olujide Samuel Eniola Akinola Sunday Adekunle Oladeji Babatola Bakare Olurotimi Idowu Aaron Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Perinatology Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Osun State Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso Oyo State Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Royal Hampshire County Hospital Winchester UK Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Unimed Teaching Hospital Ondo Ondo State Nigeria Department of Anaesthesia Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Osun State Nigeria

Background: Symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (POP) impacts the sufferers’ quality of life negatively. There is a preference for a mechanical device in certain conditions though the definitive management of POP is surgical. Objectives: We conducted the study to evaluate the outcome of management of POP using mechanical devices. Methods: It was a prospective study. It took place in the gynecology unit of the Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso between May 2014 and April 2019. We followed up with eligible patients who opted for pessary use for a median duration of 18 months (Range 12 - 84 months). We excluded those who refuse to participate in the study. Results: Of the 127 patients with symptomatic POP, seventy-five (59.1%) opted for the use of mechanical devices, and 70 successfully retained them four weeks after insertion. We lost Six (9.2%) patients to follow up. Of the 64 women included in the analysis, 16 (25%) discontinued use at so

关键词： Mechanical Device Symptomatic Pelvic Organ Prolapse Complications Dis-continuation

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Substance Use Pattern among Nursing Students in Jos, North Central Nigeria

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第2期11卷 80-90页

作者： Nwoga Charles Ndak Zuhumnan Danboyi Mafai Dakwak Samuel Piwuna Christopher Armiyau Aishetu Department of Psychiatry University of Jos Jos Plateau State Nigeria hospital management board Jos Plateau State Nigeria Quintessential Healthcare Centre Jos Plateau State Nigeria Department of Psychology University of Jos Jos Plateau State Nigeria Jos University Teaching hospital Jos Plateau State Nigeria

Aim: To establish the substance use pattern and psychological distress among the in-coming nursing students of the College with a view towards recommending ways to prevent or reduce complications of substance use disorder in the college. Study design: A cross-sectional design was used. Place and duration: The study took place at the College of Nursing and Midwifery, Jos, Plateau state between the 3rd and 14th of February, 2020. Methodology: The study was carried out during the orientation program of the 206 first-year students of the college. Following approval, a health talk and explanation of the aims and objectives, their consent was obtained in writing. Two-staged sampling with a sociodemographic questionnaire and Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 followed by urine drug testing was done. The participants were debriefed on the findings while maintaining strict confidentiality. There were 65 males and 141 females. Results: Lifetime prevalence rate of any substance use was 21.8%. More females 33 (23.4%) than males 12 (18.5%) used substances. Only 9 (4.5%) volunteered their substance use, the rest was revealed by the urine testing. Prevalence of alcohol was 23 (11.2%), ketamine 13 (6.3%), nicotine 3 (1.5%), benzodiazepines 3 (1.5%), cannabis 2 (1.0%) and opiods 1 (0.5%). Symptoms of psychological distress were high as 118 (57.3%) and 82 (38.8%) were symptomatic for anxiety and depression respectively. Alcohol use was significantly related with having symptomatic anxiety (P = 0.02) and depression (P = 0.00) in the study. Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of substance use among the participants, educational intervention and policies should be designed to prevent substance dependence with its complications within the students.

关键词： Substance Use Students Jos Nigeria

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Relationship of Pre-Existing Maternal/Caregiver Acute Respiratory Infection in the Pattern and Risk of Acute Respiratory Infection among Infants in Rivers state, Nigeria

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2018年第10期9卷 787-798页

作者： A. S. Ibama I. N. S. Dozie O. C. Abanobi A. N. Amadi G. Iwuoha T. Jaja P. Dennis Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria University of Port Harcourt Teaching hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Rivers state Primary Health Care management board Port Harcourt Nigeria

History of upper respiratory tract infection in the mother or siblings was associated with higher risk of acute lower respiratory tract infection in cases. Most upper respiratory tract infections were caused by viral pathogens and likely to occur in many members of the family. The study aimed to determine the existence and pattern of relationship between risk of acute respiratory infection (ARI) among infants and exposure to pre-existing maternal/caregiver acute respiratory tract infection. The study was designed as a community-based Nested case-control study of 1100 infants randomly selected from 12 communities out of 6 Local Government Areas of the 3 senatorial districts of Rivers state. A multistage random sampling technique was used in selecting the subjects up to the community level. Descriptive method was used to represent the characteristics of the subjects and the differences in ARI between exposed and unexposed infants were tested in a bivariate logistics regression at 5% level of significance. Odds ratio (OR) was used to interpret the size effect measures of ARI on exposure to pre-existing maternal/caregiver ARI differences. A total of 275 Cases of ARI and 825 controls were included in the study. Among exposed infants (N = 104), ARI cases were found to be higher n = 80 (76.9%) than in control n = 24 (23.1%). Whereas, among unexposed infants N = 991, ARI cases were found to be lower n = 195 (19.7%) than in control n = 796 (80.3%). For the exposed infants, the odds for ARI were 13.5 times significantly higher compared to those of their unexposed counterparts (OR-Unadjusted = 13.52, (p < 0.0001, 95% CI = 0.047 - 0.121)). The findings will widen the horizon in the etiological consideration of ARI among infants vis-à-vis exposure potential to pre-existing maternal/caregiver ARI via nursing care. Therefore, community-based sensitization programme on barrier nursing care techniques and personal hygiene practices should be on focus.

关键词： Acute-Respiratory-Infection Pattern Risk-Factor Maternal/Caregiver Pre-Existing Barrier-Nursing

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A retrospective Evaluation of Antibacterials Used in themanagement of Diabetics in a Tertiary hospital inSouth-western Nigeria

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2015年第3期3卷 146-151页

作者： Mopelola Ibidunni Ayeni Ezekiel Olugbenga Akinkunmi, RosemaryTemitope Ikem Patrick Osemene Adunni Morohunfola Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration. Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-lfe Osun State.22005.Nigeria Department of Pharmaceuties Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-lfe Osun State 22005.Nigeria Department of Medicine Obafemi Awolowo University lle-lfe Osun State 22005.Nigeria Tots & Tykes Pediatrics 3750 S University Dr Ste 200 Fort Worth TX 76006. USA

Objective： Co-medication with antibacterials is often necessary in the management of diabetic patients. There is a constantneed to evaluate the use of these antibacterials to improve therapeutic outcomes and to avoid practices that could possibly increase theemergence of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utilization of antibacterials in the diabetic clinic of aNigerian tertiary hospital. Methods： A retrospective evaluation and analysis of patients＇ case notes written by physicians in the diabeticclinic over a three-year period （January, 2008-December, 2010） was conducted. The case notes were the individual medical records for150 different hospitalized diabetic patients with infection as co-indication. Data was collected using a WHO instrument for studies ofrational drug use. Results： Descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency, percentages and standard deviation were used to analyzecategorical data obtained from the demographic variables. Fisher exact test and chi square test were employed to determine whetherthere were statistically significant differences or associations between mean values of antibacterial prescription pattern and attendantdosage errors. （P =/〈 0.05 was accepted as significant）. Comparing the mean number of antibacterial drugs in each prescription yearlyyielded a mean of 1.32 in 2008, 1.37 in 2009 and 1.67 in 2010, indicating that there was no statistically significant *** were used to manage complications often seen in the diabetic patient, including; diabetic foot gangrene, injection abscess,septiceamia, diabetic foot ulcer, vaginal yeast infection, amongst others. Conclusions： The majority of prescriptions met the criteria forcompliance with the hospital＇s drug use protocol. The few instances of non-compliance with the hospital＇s antibiotic drug use protocolmay indicate the need for continuing education, especially for the less experienced prescribers.

关键词： Antibiotics, diabetes, infection, WHO, Nigeria.

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Incidence of Intestinal Parasites among Food Handlers (Hawkers) around the University of Nigeria Teaching hospital Enugu, Enugu state, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2014年第1期4卷 23-28页

作者： R. C. Egbuobi M. A. Nwagbaraocha J. N. Dike-Ndudim H. M. Okorie I. A. Ogamaka L. N. Egbuobi P. C. Enwuru J. E. Ereh Department of Medical Laboratory Science Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Microbiology Imo State University Owerri Nigeria hospital management board Ministry of Health Owerri Nigeria Public Health Laboratory Ministry of Health Owerri Nigeria St. John’s Medical Laboratory Owerri Nigeria

Incidence of intestinal Parasites has been described as one of the most common problems of developing countries like Nigeria. World Health Organization estimated that 3.5 billion people worldwide are infected with some types of intestinal parasites, and as many as 450 million of them are sick as a result. This work therefore is carried out to access the carrier status of food handlers around the University of Nigeria Teaching hospital Enugu in Enugu state of Nigeria as well as to ascertain the common offending parasite. Three hundred and six (306) stool samples were randomly collected between January and August, 2001 from food vendors occupying the zones around the Teaching hospital which include: UNTH Road, Railway track, Prison old park and Dean’s cook. The samples were transported to the University of Nigeria Teaching hospital Parasitology Laboratory within 1 hour of production and analysed Parasitologically using Physiological saline and iodine direct mount and formal ether concentration techniques. Out of the 306 stool samples analysed, 126 representing 41.2% tested positive to parasites. Entamobe histolytica showed the highest incidence of 52.4% followed by Ascaris lumbricoidis with 23.8% and the least was Tricharis trichura with 40%. The incidence of mixed infection was 44.4%. Female food handlers were more infected 44.2% than the male food handlers 36.8%. Whereas Meat handlers were most infected 66.7% among other food handlers. From the result of the work, it can be inferredthat the incidence of intestinal parasites among food handlers around the University of Nigeria Teaching hospital Enugu is high and this can be attributed mainly to poor sanitary condition of this area. We therefore recommend that Enugu state Government should intensify her sanitation programme especially where public foods are being handled, as well as provide enlightenment campaign for food handlers to save the lives of her citizenry.

关键词： Parasite University hospital Teaching Sanitary Helminthes

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