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Progress of Triglyceride Glucose Index in Lesion Severity and Prognosis of Acute Coronary Syndromes

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 244-257页

作者： Shaochun Li Pei Hu department of Cardiology Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Background: In response to the escalating burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) worldwide, exacerbated by lifestyle changes and socioeconomic shifts, acute coronary syndromes (ACS) stand out as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The pivotal role of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, independent of traditional risk factors, has garnered significant interest. Objective: This review aims to synthesize the recent advancements in the utilization of the triglyceride glucose index (TyG index) as a biomarker for assessing the severity and predicting the prognosis of ACS lesions. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases, incorporating keywords such as “triglyceride glucose index”, “TyG index”, “acute coronary syndrome”, “cardiovascular disease”, “insulin resistance”, “coronary artery calcification”, “SYNTAX score”, “Gensini score”, and “major adverse cardiac events”. Studies were included from the inception of each database up to July 2024. Selection criteria encompassed observational studies, case-control studies, and randomized controlled trials, with a particular emphasis on evaluating the diagnostic and prognostic value of the TyG index in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Ultimately, 46 publications met the inclusion criteria. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed in accordance with established guidelines. Results: Evidence suggests that the TyG index, reflecting insulin resistance, blood glucose, and lipid levels, is significantly associated with lesion severity in ACS, including coronary artery calcification, SYNTAX score, and Gensini score. Moreover, it demonstrates predictive power for major adverse cardiovascular events, underscoring its potential as a valuable tool in clinical decision-making. Conclusion: The review highlights the emerging role of the TyG index in the assessment and prognosis of ACS, advocating for its incorporation into clinical practice as a c

关键词： Triglyceride Glucose Index Insulin Resistance Acute Coronary Syndrome

Progress in the Treatment of DME

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 80-97页

作者： Xunyu Zou Yuxuan Liu[] Shizhou Cheng[] Zuhai Zhang department of Ophthalmology The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common ocular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and an important cause of vision loss. The pathogenesis of DME is complex and can occur at any time of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Effective methods of treating DME are essential to prevent irreversible damage to visual function. To date, laser photocoagulation, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors, and corticosteroids have demonstrated their therapeutic efficacy in large randomized controlled trials and real-life observational studies. Clinicians need to consider various factors, such as efficacy, safety, accessibility, and cost, in the selection of various options. This review summarizes the current therapeutic approaches for DME to provide new references for the treatment of DM.

关键词： Diabetic Macular Edema Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Corticosteroids Laser Photocoagulation Vitrectomy

Research Progress on the Immunomodulatory Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Chronic Periodontitis

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第2期14卷 64-71页

作者： Wenjing Wang Yi Liu department of Stomatology First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory and destructive disease of periodontal support tissue caused by microorganisms in dental plaque. During the development of periodontal disease, host immune regulation plays an important role, and unnecessary excessive immune regulation often exacerbates the course of chronic periodontal disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells with self replication ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. Many studies have found that MSCs have strong immunosuppressive effects on both adaptive and innate immunity. In recent years, literature has reported that MSCs are involved in the immune regulatory effect of chronic periodontal disease, inhibiting its inflammatory response and alveolar bone resorption, but the specific regulatory mechanism has not been elucidated. This article reviews the current research status of the immune regulatory effects of MSCs on chronic periodontitis.

关键词： Mesenchymal Stem Cells Chronic Periodontal Disease Inflammatory Response Bone Resorption Immune Regulation

A Survey on the Current Situation of Prehospital First Aid about Knowledge, Belief and Behavior among university Students in Jingzhou

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第5期14卷 1251-1261页

作者： Tianyue Zhang Hong Zhou Chenyang Xu Juan Zhou department of Medical Health Science Center Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Objective: To understand the current situation of prehospital first aid knowledge, attitude and behavior of university students in Jingzhou City. Methods: A prehospital first aid knowledge questionnaire and the convenience sampling method were used to survey 307 university students in Jingzhou City. Results: The mean score of prehospital first aid knowledge of university students in Jingzhou City was 12.85 ± 2.643, the mean score of attitude was 50.73 ± 4.114, and the mean score of behavior was 39.05 ± 8.898;There was a statistically significant difference in the scores of prehospital first aid knowledge, attitude, and behavior of university students depending on whether or not they had received prehospital first aid training (P P Conclusion: Jingzhou university students have a positive attitude toward pre-hospital first aid, but the knowledge level and behavior are low, which suggests that the government, society and the school should create good conditions to promote the improvement of pre-hospital first aid knowledge and ability.

关键词： Prehospital First Aid university Student Knowledge Attitude Behaviors

Ultrasound Combined with CTA in Diagnosis of Painless Aortic Dissection Combined with Carotid Artery Active Thrombosis: A Case Report

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yangtze Medicine 2024年第1期8卷 1-7页

作者： Jiao Li Hong Zhang department of Ultrasound The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Background: Aortic dissection (AD) is a relatively rare but dreadful illness, often accompanied by severe, sharp (or tearing) back pain or anterior chest pain, as well as acute hemodynamic compromise. Painless dissection has also been reported in rare cases and might be misdiagnosed due to its atypical symptoms leading to catastrophic outcomes. Case presentation: The patient was admitted to the hospital due to right limb weakness with speech inability for more than 10 hours. In the routine cardiac ultrasound examination, the avulsion intimal echo was found in the initial segment of the descending aorta. The rupture range was about 11 mm, and the lumen was separated into real and false lumen. Further computed tomography angiography (CTA) examination confirmed the major arterial dissection (De Bakey Type I). Conclusion: We report a case of painless aortic dissection with active carotid artery thrombosis diagnosed by ultrasound and CTA, and to improve the understanding of painless aortic dissection by reviewing relevant domestic and foreign literature.

关键词： Painless Aortic Dissection Ultrasound CTA Carotid Artery Thrombosis

The Pathogenesis and Treatment Progress of Androgenic Alopecia

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第6期12卷 149-158页

作者： Huijuan Fan Faqing Huang department of Dermatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Androgenic alopecia, also known as seborrheic alopecia, is the most common hair loss disorder in dermatology clinics, mainly characterized by hair follicle miniaturization and progressive hair loss. The etiology and pathogenesis of androgenic alopecia are not clear, but may be related to heredity and androgen metabolism. Currently, minoxidil and finasteride are the only two drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for AGA treatment, other treatments include oral minoxidil, hair transplantation, low energy laser therapy (LLLT), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), Chinese medicine microneedles, and combination therapy. With the development of medicine and science, we have ushered in the era of biologics and targeted therapy. In recent years, a variety of signaling pathways for androgenic alopecia have been found, which may provide a basis for targeted therapy for androgenic alopecia.

关键词： Androgen Alopecia Pathogenesis Gene Expression Signal Transduction Treatment Progress Targeted Therapy

Current Research Status of MicroRNAs in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第2期14卷 55-63页

作者： Wenjing Wang Yi Liu department of Stomatology First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most invasive type of oral malignant tumor, posing a serious threat to human life and health. Its pathogenesis is complex and has a high degree of malignancy. Recurrence and metastasis often lead to poor prognosis. MicroRNAs are a type of single stranded small molecule RNA with only 18 - 25 nucleotides, which can regulate the expression of various genes and participate in the occurrence and development of tumors. Studies have found that microRNA expression profiling can serve as a reliable and stable biological indicator for early diagnosis and prognosis of tumors. This article provides a review of the research status of MicroRNAs in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.

关键词： MicroRNAs Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Tumor Pathogenesis

Biochemical Insights into Siderophore Esterases

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 60-69页

作者： Dongyue Yan Yidao Jiang department of Otolaryngology Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Iron is an essential but excessively toxic nutrient. Although iron is rich in nature, the acquisition of iron is a challenge to life. Its solubility is very low because it is mostly in the form of oxidation or hydroxide. In order to overcome this, microorganisms have evolved a variety of iron absorption pathways, the most important of which is the siderophore-dependent iron absorption pathway. Both bacteria and fungi require specific siderophore esterases to encourage the release of iron within the cell. A deeper understanding of siderophore esterases is crucial for the development of new antibacterial and antifungal diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. There have been many recent studies on anti-infectives via siderophore antibiotic couplers in which siderophore esterases have also played an important role, and in this review, we provide an overview of several of the more common iron carriers as well as siderophore esterases in terms of structure as well as function.

关键词： Siderophore Siderophore Esterase Hydrolysis Enterobactin Antibiotic

Research Progress in Targeted Therapy for Esophageal Cancer

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 77-90页

作者： Jinming Hu Yanhua Xu Oncology department Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University Jingzhou China

Esophageal cancer (EC) is a prevalent malignant tumor that affects the digestive system and is often linked to a poor prognosis. The absence of effective early screening methods results in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer (EC) patients at advanced or metastatic stages. While historically considered incurable, ongoing advancements in medical research have led to the integration of various treatment modalities as primary approaches for managing advanced endometrial cancer. These modalities include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Notably, the introduction of targeted therapy and immunotherapy has significantly enhanced the survival rates of individuals with EC. Immunotherapy has appeared as the predominant treatment for advanced esophageal cancer, while targeted therapy faces certain obstacles. Consequently, this review primarily focuses on the advancements in targeted therapy for esophageal cancer (EC), evaluating the effectiveness and safety of relevant medications, and aiming to provide guidance for the comprehensive management of EC based on current research findings.

关键词： Immunotherapy Targeted Therapy Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor