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Evaluation of Some Selected Metals in Rice Cultivated in Four Local Government Areas in Enugu State, Nigeria

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2023年第11期11卷 141-150页

作者： Christopher O. Alisa Samuel C. Nwobodo Edith N. Alisa Peter C. Okeke Ali Bilar Jailen Doyle Lovell Agwaramgbo Department of Chemistry Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria opec research consult Awka Nigeria Chemistry Department Dillard University New Orleans Louisiana USA

In this study, we investigated the presence of Zn, Fe, Cu, and Ca in rice cultivated in four local government areas (Nkanu East, Aninri, Uzo Uwani, Isi Uzo) within Enugu state, Nigeria. We employed an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer with an air acetylene flame to analyze these metals after digesting the rice samples. Risk assessment studies were carried out to determine any potential health risk to consumers by evaluating the estimated daily intake (EDI), the target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI). The average concentration (mg/kg) of trace metals in the rice samples was within the acceptable limits established by FAO/WHO. Specifically, Zn ranged from 0.265 to 0.632 mg/kg, Fe from 2.73 to 4.131 mg/kg, Cu from 0.205 to 4.131 mg/kg, and Ca from 9.718 to 12.150 mg/kg. There were no statistically significant differences in metal concentrations among the various locations. Consequently, the rice analyzed in this study can be considered safe for consumption. The calculated EDI (mg/kg-day) values were below the maximum tolerable daily intake thresholds. THQ values also fell within safe levels, and the HI values were less than 1, signifying no potential health risks associated with consuming rice from these locations. In conclusion, there is no significant non-carcinogenic health risk associated with exposure to trace metals through the consumption of rice from these areas.

关键词： Trace Metals Rice Risk Assessment Target Hazard Quotient Hazard Index Enugu

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CONVERSION OF HEAVY AROMATICS TO LIGHT AROMATICS(HAL) ——Providing Cheap Raw Materials for Petroleum Processing

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石油学报(石油加工) 2000年第5期16卷 91-93页

作者： GUI Shou xi,WANG Jian wei (research institute of petroleum processing,SINopec,Beijing 100083,China) research institute of petroleum processing SIN OPEC 北京 100083

A new technology has been developed, which can be used for producing more BTX from C4 and higher alkyl-aromatics containing mainly in cracking gasoline and catalytic reforming as well as by-products of disproportionating and isomerizing processes. A catalyst consisting of noble metal and zeolite ZSM-5 has been prepared, which possesses higher activity and stability as well as lower hydrogen consumption. It is found that the reaction temperature, reaction pressure, MHSV and H/HC can influence the reaction results, and the proper reaction conditions have been determined. The pilot plant test was conducted successfully with 36%∼50% of product BTX. According to the results of the pilot plant test, reaction heat was measured and the schematic flow of the process has been proposed, which is expected to be commercialized in China in 2000.

关键词： Catalyst Heavy aromatics Light aromatics

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FCC FAMILY TECHNOLOGY BRIDGING PETROLEUM REFINING WITH PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY

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石油学报(石油加工) 2000年第5期16卷 88-90页

作者： XIE Chao gang,LI Zai ting,HUO Yong qing,ZHANG Jiu shun (research Institute of Petroleum Processing,SINopec,Beijing 100083,China) research Institute of Petroleum Processing SIN OPEC 北京 100083

FCC family technologies,such as DCC,MGG and CPP,take the advantages of both thermal and catalytic reactions A zeolite containing material is acted as heat carrier and catalyst as well Versatile objectives can be achieved through regulating the catalyst formulation and optimizing the process variables The ethylene,propylene and isobutylene yields from these FCC family technologies can be 24 3%, 22 9% and 6 1%,respectively,with heavy feeds The cracked naphtha is rich in toluene and xylenes

关键词： FCC family technologies light olefins product distribution

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FLEXIBLE NEW FCC TECHNOLOGY TO MEET THE EVER CHANGING MARKET DEMAND

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石油学报(石油加工) 2000年第5期16卷 82-84页

作者： CHEN Zu bi,LI Cai ying (research Institute of Petroleum Processing,Beijing 100083,China) research Institute of Petroleum Processing SIN OPEC 北京 100083

Being a main conversion process,FCC is evolving toward processing more heavier and dirtier feeds,and to produce varied product slates to meet the local market *** many of the product demands made on the FCC process operator are seemingly ***,with the advance of FCC process and catalyst manufacture technology over the past few years,these contradictories can be solved *** VR FCC,maximized distillate production(MDP) technique and the maximizing gas and distillate(MGD) process are the *** data of each example will be revealed and shown on the poster.

关键词： FCC technology market demand

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ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL DEVELOPMENT IN RESIDUA CATALYTIC CRACKER CONTROL

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石油学报(石油加工) 2000年第5期16卷 85-87页

作者： WANG Li xing 1,GUO Jin biao 2 (1 SINopec, Beijing 100029,China 2 research Institute of Petroleum Processing,SINopec,Beijing 100083,China) SINopec 北京 100029 research Institute of Petroleum Processing SIN OPEC 北京 100083

Process calculations and rigorous dynamic model with detailed coke combustion kine tics for two stage regeneration FCC process were developed and integrated into the advanced process control (APC) context The package was implemented in 6 SINopec commercial RFCCUs Typical 0 5%～0 8% improvement of target product yields was achieved Significant energy consumption was saved with tighter control over coke burning

关键词： advanced process control residua catalytic cracker model predictive control technique

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最少投资费用的重油浓缩

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石油学报（石油加工） 2000年第3期16卷 90-94页

作者： LONG Jun research Institute of Petroleum Processing SIN OPEC 北京 100083

By making best use of the low value by-products and maximum utilization of the existed processing units to minimize the investment cost, several heavy oil upgrading processes have been developed and put into practice in China. For domestic sweet crudes, RFCC combined with decanted oil coking or deasphalting has been selected. By RFCC-coking or deasphalting synergy, inferior quality feedstock can be accepted and needle coke and paving asphalt are produced. For imported sulfur crudes, high vacuum distillation combined with asphalt production and combined coking with the use of coke in cement industry and Fluidized Bed Combustion are recommend.

关键词：投资费用重油浓缩炼油

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Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Content of Okoubaka aubrevillei (Anunuebe) Fruit Pychnobotrya nitida (Osu) Leaf Extracts

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2022年第5期11卷 206-212页

作者： Christopher O.Alisa Edith NOkoye Peter C.Okeke Sylvia O.Anyadogh-Nwadike Lovell A.gwaramgbo Jailen Doyle Department of Chemistry Federal University of TechnologyP.M.B 1526 OwerriNigeria Department of Biotechnology Federal University of TechnologyP.M.B 1526 OwerriNigeria opec research consult AwkaAnambraNigeria Department of Chemistry Dillard UniversityNew OrleansLouisianaUSA

The antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content of Okoubaka aubrevillei(Anunuebe)and Pychnobotrya nitida(Osu)plant extracts were investigated in this study to justify their ethno medicinal *** antioxidant activity of crude extracts of both plants was investigated using the scavenging effect on DPPH(2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl Radical)assay,while the total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent *** compared to standard drug vitamin C at various concentrations,both extracts exhibited potent antioxidant activity that increased with increasing concentration of *** high positive linear correlation between the antioxidant capacity and the total phenolic content suggests that the antioxidant capacity of both plants can be largely attributed to their phenolic *** on these findings,*** fruit and *** leaf could be potential natural antioxidant sources for preventing free radical-induced diseases.

关键词： Medicinal plants Okoubaka aubrevillei Pychnobotrya nitida phenolic content antioxidant capacity

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Longtail Tuna (Thunnus tonggol) Consumption Frequency in Terengganu, Malaysia

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2020年第3期10卷 141-148页

作者： Norhazirah Abdul Aziz Adiana Ghazali Kamaruzzaman Bin Yunus Zurahanim Fasha Annual Ali Ahmad Ong Meng Chuan Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Malaysia Kulliyyah of Science International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Malaysia Environmental Health research Centre Institute for Medical Research Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Marine Fishery Resources Development and Management Department Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center (SEAFDEC) Chendering Malaysia Institute of Oceanography and Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Malaysia Ocean Pollution and Ecotoxicology (opec) research Group Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Kuala Nerus Malaysia

In Terengganu, Longtail tuna or Thunnus tonggol is one of the most popular marine fishes landed by fishermen and has a high demand among customers. This species often served with a unique local delicacy called Nasi Dagang and Ikan Singgang, one of the favourite meals during breakfast by local communities. Since people have always consumed this species, therefore this study aims to identify the consumption rate of this species among Terengganu people. Specifically, this survey data obtained from 124 respondents, ages ranged from 15 to 60 years old from five districts in Terengganu, including Besut, Kuala Nerus, Kuala Terengganu, Hulu Terengganu, and Kemaman. Generally, the estimated amount of this species consumption is 239.7 g per person and 1.83 times per week. From the formula calculated, the amount of this species consumed by one person is 437.4 g/person/week. This value can use to calculate the permissible tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) to estimate the intake of pollutants, such as heavy metals in the human body.

关键词： Thunnus tonggol Consumption South China Sea PTWI

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Global Oil and Gas M&A in 2021 and Its Prospect

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China Oil & Gas 2022年第1期29卷 39-44页

作者： Hou Mingyang Sinopec Exploration&Production research Institute

Overview of global oil and gas M&A in *** 2021,under the combined influence of factors such as the resurgence of COVID-19 all over the world and the failure of opec+to reach a production agreement,WTI and Brent,two international benchmark oil prices,showed an overall volatile upward *** climbed from US$50/bbl at the beginning of the year to the peak of approximately US$90/bbl,an increase of more than 70%and recording a high level in the past seven years,and stayed at around US$75/bbl at the end of the year,driving a strong rebound in the global oil and gas M&A activity.

关键词： opec driving recording

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Review of Global Upstream Oil and Gas Market and Outlook for 2023

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China Oil & Gas 2022年第6期29卷 46-50页

作者： Hou Mingyang Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production research Institute

Review of the global upstream oil and gas market in 2022 International oil prices whipsawed at a high level due to multifarious factors In 2022,due to the combined influence of the escalating geopolitical risks in some important oil-producing countries,the anemic global growth of investment in oil and gas exploration and development,the lower-than-expected increases in production of opec+,and the slowing global economic growth arising from recurrent COVID-19 pandemic,the international oil prices fluctuated wildly at a high level across the *** price jumped to more than USD 130 per barrel at the peak from USD 80 per barrel at the beginning of the year,rising by 60%,a record high in the recent *** returned to the original level of USD 80 at the end of the year.

关键词： Market investment Outlook

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