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Radiomics in sarcoma trials:a complement to RECISt for patient assessment

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Journal of Cancer metastasis and treatment 2022年第1期8卷 607-614页

作者： Caryn Geady David B.Shultz Albiruni R.Abdul Razak Scott Schuetze Benjamin haibe-Kains Radiation medicine Program Princess Margaret Cancer CentreTorontoON M5G 2C1Canada Department of medical Biophysics University of TorontoTorontoON M5G 1L7Canada Department of medical Oncology and hematology Princess Margaret Cancer CentreTorontoON M5G 2C1Canada Department of Internal medicine University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109-5624USA Department of Computer Science University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 2E4Canada Department of Biostatistics Dalla Lana School of Public HealthTorontoON M5T 3M7Canada Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence TorontoON M5G 1M1Canada ontario Institute for Cancer Research TorontoON M5G 0A3Canada

Radiological imaging has a critical role in the diagnosis of sarcomas and in evaluating therapy response *** current gold standard for response assessment in solid tumors is the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid tumors,which evaluates changes in tumor size as a surrogate endpoint for therapeutic ***,tumors may undergo necrosis,changes in vascularization or become cystic in response to therapy,with no significant volume changes;thus,size assessments alone may not be *** morphological changes may give rise to radiographic phenotypes that are not easily detected by human ***,recent advances in high-performance computing and machine learning algorithms have enabled deep analysis of radiological images to extract features that can provide richer information about intensity,shape,size or volume,and texture of tumor *** is growing evidence to suggest that these image-derived or“radiomic features”are sensitive to biological processes such as necrosis and glucose ***,radiomics could prove to be a critical tool for assessing treatment response and may present an integral complement to existing response criteria,opening new avenues for patient assessment in sarcoma trials.

关键词： Clinical trials response assessment radiology radiomics machine learning

Effects of Additional hONO Sources on Visibility over the North China Plain

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第5期31卷 1221-1232页

作者： LI Ying AN Junling Ismail GULtEPE State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Cloud Physics and Severe Weather Research Section Environment CanadaToronto Ontario M3H 5T4 Canada

the objective of the present study was to better understand the impacts of the additional sources of nitrous acid （hONO） on visibility, which is an aspect not considered in current air quality models. Simulations of hONO contributions to visibility over the North China Plain （NCP） during August 2007 using the fully coupled Weather Research and Forecasting/Chemistry （WRF/Chem） model were performed, including three additional hONO sources：（1） the reaction of photo-excited nitrogen dioxide （NO~） with water vapor; （2） the NO2 heterogeneous reaction on aerosol surfaces; and （3） hONO emissions. the model generally reproduced the spatial patterns and diurnal variations of visibility over the NCP well. When the additional hONO sources were included in the simulations, the visibility was occasionally decreased by 20%-30% （3-4 km） in local urban areas of the NCP. monthly-mean concentrations of NO3, Nh＋, SO]- and Pm2.5 were increased by 20%-52% （3-11μg m-3）, 10%-38%, 6%-10%, and 6%-11% （9-17 μg m-3）, respectively; and in urban areas, monthly-mean accumulation- mode number concentrations （AmNC） and surface concentrations of aerosols were enhanced by 15%-20% and 10%-20%, respectively. Overall, the results suggest that increases in concentrations of Pm2.5, its hydrophilic components, and AmNC, are key factors for visibility degradation. A proposed conceptual model for the impacts of additional hONO sources on visibility also suggests that visibility estimation should consider the heterogeneous reaction on aerosol surfaces and the enhanced atmospheric oxidation capacity due to additional hONO sources, especially in areas with high mass concentrations of NOx and aerosols.

关键词： hONO visibility aerosols WRF/Chem North China Plain

Desulphurization of hot metal and Ferronickel With Calcium Aluminate Fluxes

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2011年第S2期18卷 74-83页

作者： mcLEAN Alex BARAtI mansoor Department of material Science and Engineering University of Toronto Ontario Canada M5S 3E4

traditionally, fluxes containing calcium fluoride and other additives are used for the treatment of hot metal and molten steel. Recently, magnesium powder or lime-mg mixture is used more popularly in hot metal desulphurization. however, the use of calcium fluoride has been restricted due to environmental concerns, and the supply of magnesium is uncertain for the countries, which are short of magnesium resource. For those reasons, calcium aluminate fluxes are a possible alternative to replace slags containing calcium fluoride or magnesium. Calcium aluminate fluxes can be produced from three different raw materials: (1) high-quality bauxite, (2) residuals from aluminum dross treatment processes and (3) waste products from alumina production. Due to the limited amount and high cost associated with high-quality bauxite, the other two sources are preferred based on both economic and environmental considerations. the objective of this paper is to examine the use of waste slags and by-products from the aluminum industry as potential refining fluxes for the steel industry so that waste disposal from the aluminum industry can be reduced with economical and environmental benefits for both industrial sectors.

关键词： calcium aluminate environmental concern ferronickel hot metal desulphurization

Divergent trajectories of lean vs obese non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients from listing to post-transplant:A retrospective cohort study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第26期28卷 3218-3231页

作者： Fakhar Ali Qazi-Arisar Raj Uchila Catherine Chen Cathy Yang Shi-Yi Chen Ravikiran Sindhuvalada Karnam Amirhossein Azhie Wei Xu Zita Galvin Nazia Selzner Leslie Lilly mamatha Bhat Ajmera transplant Program Toronto General HospitalUniversity Health NetworkToronto M5G 2N2OntarioCanada Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of TorontoToronto M5G 2N2OntarioCanada National Institute of Liver and GI Diseases Dow University of Health SciencesKarachi 75330Pakistan Department of Biostatistics Princess Margaret Cancer CenterUniversity Health NetworkToronto M5G 2C1OntarioCanada Division of Biostatistics Dalla Lana School of Public HealthUniversity of TorontoToronto M5G 2C1OntarioCanada

BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASh)cirrhosis is the second most common indication for liver transplantation(Lt).the role of body mass index(BmI)on outcomes of NASh cirrhosis has been *** to compare the longitudinal trajectories of patients with lean vs obese NASh cirrhosis,from listing up to post-transplant,having adjusted their BmI for *** We retrospectively reviewed all adult NASh patients listed for Lt in our program from 2012 to ***-Gray Competing Risk analyses and Cox Proportional-hazard models were performed to examine the cumulative incidence of transplant and survival outcomes *** Out of 265 NASh cirrhosis listed patients,176 were *** age was 61.0 years;46%were females.111 patients underwent *** robust patients had better waitlist survival[hazard ratio(hR):0.12;95%CI:0.05–0.29,Pth higher instantaneous rate of transplant(hR:5.71;95%CI:1.26–25.9,P=0.02).Lean NASh patients had a substantially higher risk of graft loss within 90 d post-Lt(1.2%vs 13.8%,P=0.032)and death post-Lt(2.4%vs 17.2%,P=0.029).1-3-and 5-year graft survival was poor for lean NASh(78.6%,77.3%and 41.7%vs 98.6%,96%and 85%respectively).Overall patient survival post-Lt was significantly worse in lean NASh(hR:0.17;95%CI:0.03–0.86,P=0.0142)with 83%lower instantaneous rate of death in obese *** Although lean NASh is considered to be more benign than obese NASh,our study suggests a paradoxical correlation of lean NASh with waitlist outcomes,and graft and patient survival post-Lt.

关键词： Outcomes Frailty Waitlist Liver transplant Survival

tunable rainbow light trapping in ultrathin resonator arrays

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 113-121页

作者： Katelyn Dixon Arthur O.montazeri moein Shayegannia Edward S.Barnard Stefano Cabrini Naomi matsuura hoi-Ying holman Nazir P.Kherani Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G4Canada Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Rd.BerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of materials Science&Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G4Canada

Rainbow light trapping in plasmonic devices allows for field enhancement of multiple wavelengths within a single ***,many of these devices lack precise control over spatial and spectral enhancement profiles and cannot provide extremely high localised field *** we present a versatile,analytical design paradigm for rainbow trapping in nanogroove arrays by utilising both the groove-width and groove-length as tuning *** couple this design technique with fabrication through multilayer thin-film deposition and focused ion beam milling,which enables the realisation of unprecedented feature sizes down to 5 nm and corresponding extreme normalised local field enhancements up to *** demonstrate rainbow trapping within the devices through hyperspectral microscopy and show agreement between the experimental results and *** combination of expeditious design and precise fabrication underpins the implementation of these nanogroove arrays for manifold applications in sensing and nanoscale optics.

关键词： rainbow trapping arrays

Dust direct radiative effects on the earth-atmosphere system over east Asia:Early spring cooling and late spring warming

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第10期56卷 1020-1030页

作者： WANG hong ZhAO tianLiang ZhANG XiaoYe GONG SunLing Centre for Atmosphere Watch and Services Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Air Quality Research Division Science & Technology Branch Environment Canada Toronto Ontario M3H 5T4 Canada

Focusing on three dust storms occurring in spring 2001,we developed a detailed aerosol parameterization scheme and integrated it in a radiative transfer model to characterize possible impacts of solar altitude angle on dust direct radiative effects over China desert regions and the North Pacific,using actual daily solar altitude *** solar altitude angle from early spring (or winter) to late spring (or summer) leads to increase of positive clear sky radiative forcing,and decrease of negative radiative forcing due to dust aerosols at the top of the *** solar altitude angle increases from early to late spring,dust-clear sky radiative forcing may change from negative to positive at the top of atmosphere,showing a change from cooling to heating of the earth-atmosphere system over high-albedo deserts and nearby *** low-albedo ocean negative clear sky radiative forcing by dust may decrease,suggesting a change from strong to weak cooling on the earth-atmosphere *** impacts of solar altitude angle on cloudy sky radiative forcing due to dust are similar to those of clear *** of low cloud on dust radiative forcing are the same as increasing surface *** causes the transition of dust cooling effects into heating effects over deserts to occur earlier,and causes decrease of negative radiative forcing over the ocean and even cause a change from weak negative radiative forcing to weak positive forcing over local *** in the same East Asian desert regions and nearby areas,the strength and sign of the radiative forcings depend on storm dates and thus solar altitude *** nearer to early spring (or winter) a dust storm occurs,the easier it leads to negative radiative forcing at the top of atmosphere,which indicates cooling effects on the earth-atmosphere *** contrast,the nearer to late spring (or summer) a dust storm occurs,the easier it leads to positive radiative forcing at the top of atmosphere,showing heat

关键词：大气系统辐射效应冷却效果东亚地区气候变暖粉尘层地球早春

Differences between delusional disorder and schizophrenia:A mini narrative review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第5期12卷 683-692页

作者： Alexandre González-Rodríguez mary V Seeman Department of mental health Mutua Terrassa University HospitalUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelona 08280Spain Department of Psychiatry University of TorontoToronto M5P 3L6OntarioCanada

Psychotic syndromes are divided into affective and non-affective *** among the non-affective forms,substantial differences *** aim of this relatively brief review is to synthesize what is known about the differences between two non-affective psychoses,schizophrenia and delusional disorder(DD),with respect to clinical,epidemiological,sociodemographic,and treatment response characteristics.A Pubmed literature search revealed the following:in schizophrenia,hallucinations,negative symptoms and cognitive symptoms are *** are rare in *** to schizophrenia patients,individuals with DD maintain relatively good function,and their delusions are believable;many are beliefs that are widely held in the general *** are generally similar in these two forms of psychosis,with the exception that antidepressants are used more frequently in DD and,for acute treatment,effective antipsychotic doses are lower in DD than in *** is with the hope that the contrasts between these two conditions will aid in the provision of safe and effective treatment for both that this review has been conducted.

关键词： Non-affective psychosis Delusional disorder Schizophrenia Epidemiology Symptoms treatment response

Levels, distributions, and source identification of organochlorine pesticides in the topsoils in Northeastern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第10期21卷 1386-1392页

作者： WANG Xu REN Nanqi QI hong mA Wanli LI Yifan International Joint Research Center for Persistent toxic Substances (IJRC-PtS) State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE) Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150090 China. Science and technology Branch Environment Canada Toronto Ontario M3H 5T4 Canada

Seventeen topsoil samples （9 urban, 4 suburban, 3 rural and 1 background） were collected in/around harbin, a typical city in northeast of China, to measure concentration levels of organocholrine pesticides （OCPs） in topsoil of Northeastern China in 2006. hexachlorohexanes （hCh）, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane （DDt）, and hexachlorobenzene （hCB） were detected in soil samples with mean concentrations （in pg/g dry weight （dw）） of 7120, 5425, and 1039, respectively. the mean concentrations for other OCPs were very low, 4.8 pg/g dw for chlordane and 3.3 pg/g dw for endosulfan. Source identification analysis reveals that all OCPs found in soil samples were due to historical use of these chemicals or from other source regions through long- and short-range atmospheric transport. DDt was mainly used in the rural sites, whereas the sources of hCB, chlordane and endosulfan were mainly in the urban area. hCh was found almost equally in both urban and rural area. Soil concentrations of all detected OCPs, except hChs, in and around harbin were much lower than those in the southeast of China, which is expected since the use of these OCPs in the former was much lower than that in the latter, however higher hCh concentrations in and around harbin than those found in most places of the Southeast China is not expected. It is suggested that high hCh concentration in soil of Northeast China was most likely due to long-range atmospheric transport （LRAt） from Southeast China and the cold condensation process.

关键词： organocholrine pesticides (OCPs) soil residue

Associations between polymorphisms in leptin and leptin receptor genes and colorectal cancer survival

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Cancer Biology & medicine 2023年第6期20卷 438-451页

作者： meizhi Du Yu Wang Jillian Vallis matin Shariati Patrick S.Parfrey John R.mclaughlin Peizhong Peter Wang Yun Zhu Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China Division of Community health and humanities Faculty of MedicineMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John's A1B 3V6Canada Clinical Epidemiology Unit Faculty of MedicineMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John's A1B 3V6Canada Dalla Lana School of Public health University of TorontoToronto M5T 3M7Canada Beatrice hunter Cancer Institute Halifax B3H 4R2Canada Centre for New Immigrant Wellbeing Markham L3R 9V1Canada

Objective:Leptin(LEP)is an obesity-associated adipokine associated with tumor cell *** examined the relevance of genetic variants of LEP and leptin receptor(LEPR)to colorectal cancer(CRC)survival by using data from the Newfoundland Familial Colorectal Cancer ***:A total of 532 patients newly diagnosed with CRC between 1997 and 2003 were followed up until April *** on their demographics and lifestyles were collected via *** of blood samples was performed with the Illumina human Omni-Quad Bead *** Cox models were used to assess the relationships of 35 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in LEP and LEPR with overall survival(OS),disease-free survival(DFS),and CRC-specific ***:At the gene level,LEP was associated with DFS(P=0.017),and LEPR was associated with both DFS(P=0.021)and CRCspecific survival(P=0.013)in patients with *** single-SNP analysis,LEP rs11763517,LEPR rs9436301,and LEPR rs7602 were associated with DFS after adjustment for multiple *** LEPR haplotypes G-C-t(rs7534511-rs9436301-rs1887285)and A-A-G(rs7602-rs970467-rs9436748)were associated with prolonged OS among patients with CRC overall(G-C-t:hR,0.63;95%CI,0.43–0.93;A-A-G:hR,0.59;95%CI,0.38–0.91)and those diagnosed with colon cancer(G-C-t:hR,0.54;95%CI,0.34–0.86;A-A-G:hR,0.49;95%CI,0.29–0.83).Similar results were observed for ***,significant interactions were found among LEPR rs7602(A vs.G),LEPR rs1171278(t vs.C),red meat intake,and BmI status:the associations between these variants and prolonged DFS were limited to patients with below-median red meat consumption and body mass index(BmI)5 kg/***:Polymorphic variations in the LEP and LEPR genes were associated with survival of patients after CRC *** LEP/LEPR-CRC survival association was modified by participants’red meat intake and BmI.

关键词： colorectal cancer intake