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Bulking Up the Bay-Position Substituents Enables Enhanced Selectivity of C_(s)‑Symmetric Boron Subphthalocyanine−Subnaphthalocyanine hybrids

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第4期2卷 161-181页

作者： Nina F.Farac Alan J.Lough timothy P.Bender Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E5Canada Department of Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3H6Canada Department of materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E4Canada Department of mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G8Canada

the precise synthesis of subporphyrinoid hybrids withπ-expanded topologies and unique material properties plays a promising role in the design of functional ***,selective,and controllable routes to boron subphthalocyanine−subnaphthalocyanine hybrids,Bsub(Pc_(3‑p)-Nc_(p))s,are desirable for this purpose yet synthetically challenging due to random mixtures of C_(s-),C_(3v-),and,in some cases,C_(1)-symmetric compounds that form during traditional statistical mixed ***,we addressed this issue by developing a sterically driven mixed cyclotrimerization with enhanced selectivity for the targeted C_(s)-symmetric hybrid and complete suppression of sterically crowded macrocyclic *** process,coupled with a rationally designed precursor bearing bulky phenyl substituents,enabled the synthesis and characterization of bay-position phenylated Ph_(2)-(R_(p))_(8)Bsub(Pc_(2)-Nc_(1))hybrids with halogens(Rp=Cl or F)in their peripheral isoindole *** selectivity ranged between 59 and 72%with remarkable yields,significantly higher than that of conventional mixed *** findings were augmented by theoretical calculations on precursor Lewis basicity as guiding principles into hybrid macrocycle ***,the incorporation of unfused phenyl groups and halogen atoms into the hybrid framework resulted in fine-tuned optical,structural,electronic,and electrochemical *** straightforward approach achieved improved selectivity and controlled narrowing of the product distribution,affording the efficient synthesis of structurally sophisticated Bsub(Pc_(2)-Nc_(1))*** then expands the library of 3-dimensionalπ-extended macrocycles for use in a range of applications,such as in optoelectronic devices with precisely tailored optical properties.

关键词： subphthalocyanine hybrids low-symmetry aromatic macrocycle selective cyclotrimerization sterically driven chemistry broad absorption material properties

Planetary health risks in urban agriculture

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Global health Journal 2024年第1期8卷 4-10页

作者： Nilanjana Ganguli Anna maria Subic Janani maheswaran Byomkesh talukder Dahdaleh Institute for Global health Research&Faculty of Environmental&Urban Change York UniversityTorontoOntario M3J1P3Canada Dalla Lana School of Public health University of TorontoTorontoOntario 5T3M7Canada Faculty of health York UniversityTorontoOntario M3J1P3Canada Department of Global health Florida International UniversityMiamiFlorida 33199USA

Urban agriculture is gaining recognition for its potential contributions to environmental resilience and climate change adaptation,providing advantages such as urban greening,reduced heat island effects,and decreased air ***,it indirectly supports communities during weather events and natural disasters,ensuring food security and fostering community ***,concerns about planetary health risks persist in highly urbanized and climate-affected *** electronic databases such as Web of Science and Pubmed and adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-Analyses guidelines,we identified 55 relevant papers to comprehend the planetary health risks associated with urban agriculture,the literature review identified five distinct health risks related to urban agriculture:(1)trace metal risks in urban farms;(2)health risks associated with wastewater irrigation;(3)zoonotic risks;(4)other health risks;and(5)social and economic *** study highlights that urban agriculture,while emphasizing environmental benefits,particularly raises concerns about trace metal bioaccumulation in soil and vegetables,posing health risks for *** well studied risks included wastewater irrigation and backyard livestock *** main limitations in the available literature were in studying infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance associated with urban agriculture.

关键词： Urban agriculture Urbanization Systems-thinking Planetary health impacts Comprehensive risk analysis Planetary health Risks Analysis of Urban Agriculture Framework(PhRAUAF) heuristic

An emerging terpolymeric nanoparticle pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor of celecoxib in controlled release amorphous solid dispersion beads:Experimental studies and molecular dynamics analysis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第6期14卷 2669-2684页

作者： Jamie Anne Lugtu-Pe Xuning Zhang Sako mirzaie hao han R.Chang Nour AL-mousawi Kuan Chen Yongqiang Li Anil Kane Daniel Bar-Shalom Xiao Yu Wu Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoToronto M5S 3M2Canada Candoo Pharmatech Company Inc. Mississauga L5N 5M1Canada Department of Pharmacy University of CopenhagenCopenhagen DK-2100Denmark Patheon by thermo Fisher Scientific Toronto Region Operations(TRO)Mississauga L5N 3X4Canada

Solid oral controlled release formulations feature numerous clinical advantages for drug candidates with adequate solubility and dissolution ***,most new chemical entities exhibit poor water solubility,and hence are exempt from such *** combining drug amorphization with controlled release formulation is promising to elevate drug solubility,like other supersaturating systems,the problem of drug recrystallization has yet to be resolved,particularly within the dosage ***,we explored the potential of an emerging,non-leachable terpolymer nanoparticle(tPN)pore former as an internal recrystallization inhibitor within controlled release amorphous solid dispersion(CRASD)beads comprising a poorly soluble drug(celecoxib)reservoir and insoluble polymer(ethylcellulose)*** to conventional pore former,polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),tPN-containing membranes exhibited superior structural integrity,less crystal formation at the CRASD bead surface,and greater extent of celecoxib ***-atom molecular dynamics analyses revealed that in the presence of tPN,intra-molecular bonding,crystal formation tendency,diffusion coefficient,and molecular flexibility of celecoxib were reduced,while intermolecular h-bonding was increased as compared to *** work suggests that selection of a pore former that promotes prolonged molecular separation within a nanoporous controlled release membrane structure may serve as an effective strategy to enhance amorphicity preservation inside CRASD.

关键词： Controlled release amorphous solid dispersion Poorly soluble drug Internal recrystallization membrane-reservoir coated beads molecular dynamics simulation Effect of pore formers terpolymer nanogel Drug-polymer interactions

Intermittent fasting-a double edged sword for atherosclerosis

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Life metabolism 2024年第3期3卷 9-11页

作者： Jacques togo hoon-Ki Sung translational medicine Program The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntario M5G 0A4Canada Department of Laboratory medicine and Pathobiology University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 1A8Canada

the impact of alternate-day fasting(ADF)on atherosclerosis remains poorly understood,particularly in high-risk popula*** a recent paper published in Life metabolism,Deng et *** that ADF exacerbated both early and advanced atherosclerotic lesion development in Apoe^(-/-)mice through suppression of hepatic activating transcription factor 3(AtF3)and consequent dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism.

关键词： fasting atherosclerosis al.

high-throughput screening of single-atom catalysts confined in monolayer black phosphorus for efficient nitrogen reduction reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2360-2367页

作者： Xiao-Yan Li manyi Duan Pengfei Ou Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 1A4Canada School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China Department of Chemistry Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

the discovery of metal-nitrogen centers as the active sites for electrolysis has aroused significant interest in utilizing single-atom catalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR).Properly designed nanostructured catalysts that strongly interact with nitrogen molecules(N_(2))can promote adsorption and activation,thereby resulting in efficient catalysts with high stability,activity,and *** this study,using density functional theory calculations,we selected monolayer black phosphorus(BP)as the substrate and screened a series of single-atom transition metals confined in tri-coordinated and tetra-coordinated active centers(without and with N dopants)to electro-catalyze *** a result,we have identified two promising candidates(hf_(1)-N_(1)P_(2)-1 and tc_(1)-N_(4)),which exhibit not only low overpotentials of 0.56 and 0.49 V but also high thermodynamic and electrochemical stability,as well as good selectivity towards NRR over the competing hydrogen evolution *** also demonstrate the ability of hf_(1)-N_(1)P_(2)-1 and tc_(1)-N_(4) to activate and hydrogenate N_(2) by donating electrons and regulating charge *** study not only predicts new BP-based promising catalysts but also provides guidance for the rational design of high-performance NRR electrocatalysts under ambient conditions.

关键词： N_(2) electroreduction reaction single-atom catalysts black phosphorus density functional theory high-throughput calculations

Disaster Awareness and Preparedness Among Older Adults in Canada Regarding Floods, Wildfires, and Earthquakes

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 198-212页

作者： Evalyna Bogdan Rachel Krueger Julie Wright Kyle Woods Shaieree Cottar School of Administrative Studies Disaster and Emergency Management ProgramYork UniversityTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada Department of Geography and Environmental management University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Partners for Action Faculty of EnvironmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Older adults are significantly impacted by natural hazards and disasters that are exacerbated by climate change. Understanding their awareness and preparedness is essential for enhancing disaster resilience. this study investigated the attitudes, actions, and recommendations of older adults regarding natural hazards that pose risks in their geographic area—specifically floods, wildfires, and/or earthquakes in Canada. methods for this study included survey and focus groups with older adults(n = 161 and n = 10, respectively) and other high-risk groups from across Canada, that are vulnerable to these natural hazards. the main findings from this study are that current awareness and preparedness among older adults is low, though stronger perceptions of risks are associated with risks specific to geographic locations where respondents live. Several barriers, such as hazard vulnerability misperceptions, cost-related reasons, and lack of hazard awareness have resulted in low awareness and preparedness among these populations. the two main recommendations arising from this research are:(1) improve awareness and preparedness with tailor-made emergency preparedness materials for older adults;and(2) adopt community-based approaches to disaster preparedness through existing community groups to strengthen social connections with a focus on locally specific hazards. the findings from this research can be applied to other hazards, including heatwaves and pandemics.

关键词： Canada Community-based disaster risk management Disaster awareness and preparedness Disaster resilience Natural hazards Older adults

how completely are randomized controlled trials of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion reported? A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第4期13卷 537-547页

作者： Jacqueline Josee van Ierssel Olivia Galea Kirsten holte Caroline Luszawski Elizabeth Jenkins Jennifer O’Neil Carolyn A Emery Rebekah mannix Kathryn Schneider Keith Owen Yeates Roger Zemek Children’s hospital of Eastern ontario Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada the Centre for health Activity and Rehabilitation ResearchUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9016New Zealand Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Alberta Children’s hospital Research Institute University of Calgary CalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada Department of Psychology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada g Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada School of Rehabilitation Sciences University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Bruyere Research Institute OttawaON K1N 5C8Canada Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency medicine University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada

Purpose:the study aimed to examine the reporting completeness of randomized controlled trials(RCts)of non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We searched mEDLINE,Embase,PsycInfo,CINAhL,and Web of Science up to may *** reviewers independently screened studies and assessed reporting completeness using the template for Intervention Description and Replication(tIDieR),Consensus on Exercise Reporting template(CERt),and international Consensus on therapeutic Exercise aNd training(i-CONtENt)*** information was sought my study authors where reporting was *** of bias(ROB)was assessed with the Cochrane ROB-2 *** examining non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We included 89 RCts(n=53 high ROB)examining 11 different interventions for concussion:sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise,cervicovestibular therapy,physical/cognitive rest,vision therapy,education,psychotherapy,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,transcranial magnetic stimulation,blue light therapy,osteopathic manipulation,and head/neck *** scores were:tIDieR 9/12(75%;interquartile range(IQR)=5;range:5-12),CERt 17/19(89%;IQR=2;range:10-19),and i-CONtENt 6/7(86%;IQR=1;range:5-7).Percentage of studies completely reporting all items was tIDieR 35%(31/89),CERt 24%(5/21),and i-CONtENt 10%(2/21).Studies were more completely reported after publication of tIDieR(t_(87)=2.08;p=0.04)and CERt(t_(19)=2.72;p=0.01).Reporting completeness was not strongly associated with journal impact factor(tIDieR:rs=0.27;p=0.01;CERt:r_(s)=-0.44;p=0.06;i-CONtENt:r_(s)=-0.17;p=0.48)or ROB(tIDieR:rs=0.11;p=0.31;CERt:rs=0.04;p=0.86;i-CONtENt:rs=0.12;p=0.60).Conclusion:RCts of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion demonstrate moderate to good reporting completeness,but are often missing key components,particularly modifications,motivational strategies,and qualified *** completeness improved after tIDieR and CERt publication,but p

关键词： Concussion Intervention Randomized controlled trial Systematic review

Disorders of potassium homeostasis after kidney transplantation

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World Journal of transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 40-51页

作者： Abdelhamid Aboghanem G V Ramesh Prasad School of medicine University of TorontoToronto M5C 2T2OntarioCanada Kidney transplant Program St.Michael's HospitalToronto M5C 2T2OntarioCanada

Disturbances of potassium balance are often encountered when managing kidney transplant recipients(KtR).Both hyperkalemia and hypokalemia may present either as medical emergencies or chronic outpatient *** the high incidence of hyperkalemia and its potential life-threatening implications,consensus on its management in KtR is *** in KtR is also well-described,although it is given less attention by clinicians compared to *** article discusses the etiology,pathophysiology and management of both types of potassium disorders in *** any emergent situation has been corrected,treatment approaches include correcting insulin deficiency if present,adjusting non-immunosuppressive and immunosuppressive medications,elimi-nating or supplementing potassium as needed,and dietary *** commonly of multifactorial etiology,ascertaining the specific cause in a particular patient will help guide successful *** KtR through regular laboratory testing is essential to detect serious disturbances in potassium balance since patients are often asymptomatic.

关键词： Balance Dialysis hyperkalemia hypokalemia Kidney metabolism Potassium

Insights into the hydrogen evolution reaction in vanadium redox flow batteries:A synchrotron radiation based X-ray imaging study

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 132-144页

作者： Kerstin Köble Alexey Ershov Kangjun Duan monja Schilling Alexander Rampf Angelica Cecilia tomášFaragó marcus Zuber tilo Baumbach Roswitha Zeis helmholtz Institute Ulm Karlsruhe Institute of Technology89081 UlmGermany Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76131 KarlsruheGermany Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation Karlsruhe Institute of Technology76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Department of Electrical Electronicsand Communication EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(FAU)91058 ErlangenGermany Department of mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoToronto M5S 3G8OntarioCanada

the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction(hER)in the negative half-cell of vanadium redox flow batteries(VRFBs)causes severe efficiency ***,a deeper understanding of this process and the accompanying bubble formation is *** benchmarking study locally analyzes the bubble distribution in thick,porous electrodes for the first time using deep learning-based image segmentation of synchrotron X-ray *** large three-dimensional data set was processed precisely in less than one minute while minimizing human errors and pointing out areas of increased hER activity in *** study systematically varies the electrode potential and material,concluding that more negative electrode potentials of-200 m V *** hydrogen electrode(RhE)and lower cause more substantial bubble formation,resulting in bubble fractions of around 15%–20%in carbon felt ***,the bubble fractions stay only around 2%in an electrode combining carbon felt and carbon *** detected areas with high hER activity,such as the border subregion with more than 30%bubble fraction in carbon felt electrodes,the cutting edges,and preferential spots in the electrode bulk,are potential-independent and suggest that larger electrodes with a higher bulk-to-border ratio might reduce hER-related performance *** described combination of electrochemical measurements,local X-ray microtomography,AI-based segmentation,and 3D morphometric analysis is a powerful and novel approach for local bubble analysis in three-dimensional porous electrodes,providing an essential toolkit for a broad community working on bubble-generating electrochemical systems.

关键词： Vanadium redox flow battery Synchrotron X-ray imaging tomography hydrogen evolution reaction Gas bubbles Deep learning