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Disaster Awareness and Preparedness Among Older Adults in Canada Regarding Floods, Wildfires, and Earthquakes

International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 198-212页

作者： Evalyna Bogdan Rachel Krueger Julie Wright Kyle Woods Shaieree Cottar School of Administrative Studies Disaster and Emergency Management ProgramYork UniversityTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada Department of Geography and environmental Management University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Partners for Action Faculty of EnvironmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Older adults are significantly impacted by natural hazards and disasters that are exacerbated by climate change. Understanding their awareness and preparedness is essential for enhancing disaster resilience. This study investigated the attitudes, actions, and recommendations of older adults regarding natural hazards that pose risks in their geographic area—specifically floods, wildfires, and/or earthquakes in Canada. Methods for this study included survey and focus groups with older adults(n = 161 and n = 10, respectively) and other high-risk groups from across Canada, that are vulnerable to these natural hazards. The main findings from this study are that current awareness and preparedness among older adults is low, though stronger perceptions of risks are associated with risks specific to geographic locations where respondents live. Several barriers, such as hazard vulnerability misperceptions, cost-related reasons, and lack of hazard awareness have resulted in low awareness and preparedness among these populations. The two main recommendations arising from this research are:(1) improve awareness and preparedness with tailor-made emergency preparedness materials for older adults;and(2) adopt community-based approaches to disaster preparedness through existing community groups to strengthen social connections with a focus on locally specific hazards. The findings from this research can be applied to other hazards, including heatwaves and pandemics.

关键词： Canada Community-based disaster risk management Disaster awareness and preparedness Disaster resilience Natural hazards Older adults

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Determining minimum sample size for the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling algorithm

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 530-539页

作者： Daniel D.SAURETTE Asim BISWAS Richard J.HECK Adam W.GILLESPIE Aaron A.BERG School of environmental Sciences University of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada) ontario ministry of Agriculture Food and Rural Affairs1 Stone Rd WestGuelph ON N1G 2Y4(Canada) Geography Environment&GeomaticsUniversity of Guelph50 Stone Rd EastGuelph ON N1G 2W1(Canada)

In digital soil mapping(DSM),a fundamental assumption is that the spatial variability of the target variable can be explained by the predictors or environmental *** to adequately sample the predictors have been well documented,with the conditioned Latin hypercube sampling(cLHS)algorithm receiving the most attention in the DSM *** advances in sampling design,a critical gap remains in determining the number of samples required for DSM *** propose a simple workflow and function coded in R language to determine the minimum sample size for the cLHS algorithm based on histograms of the predictor variables using the Freedman-Diaconis rule for determining optimal bin *** preprocessing was included to correct for multimodal and non-normally distributed data,as these can affect sample size determination from the *** on a user-selected quantile range(QR)for the sample plan,the densities of the histogram bins at the upper and lower bounds of the QR were used as a scaling factor to determine minimum sample *** technique was applied to a field-scale set of environmental covariates for a well-sampled agricultural study site near Guelph,ontario,Canada,and tested across a range of *** results showed increasing minimum sample size with an increase in the QR *** sample size increased from 44 to 83 when the QR increased from 50% to 95% and then increased exponentially to 194 for the 99%*** technique provides an estimate of minimum sample size that can be used as an input to the cLHS algorithm.

关键词： bin width digital soil mapping normal distribution quantile range sampling design

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Analytical Solutions for Testing of Baroclinic and Wind-Driven Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamic Models

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第8期12卷 2866-2884页

作者： Cheng He National Water Research Institute Environment Canada Burlington Ontario Canada

It is always a challenge for a model developer to verify a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, especially for the baroclinic term over variable topography, due to a lack of observational data sets or suitable analytical solutions. In this paper, exact solutions for the periodic forcing by surface heat flux and wind stress are given by solving the linearized equations of motion neglecting the rotation, advection and horizontal diffusion terms. The temperature at the bottom is set to a prescribed periodic value and a slip condition on flow is enforced at the bottom. The geometry of the quarter annulus, which has been extensively studied for two- and three-dimensional analytical solutions of unstratified water bodies, is used with a general power law variation of the bottom slope in the radial direction and is constant in the azimuthal direction. The analytical solutions are derived in a cylindrical coordinate system, which describes the three-dimensional fluid field in a Cartesian coordinate system. The results presented in this paper should provide a foundation for studying and verifying the baroclinic term over a varied topography in a three-dimensional numerical model.

关键词： 3D Model Baroclinic Force Analytical Solutions Model Verification

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Embracing digital mindsets to ensure a sustainable future

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 177-179页

作者： Chengjun Li Riqing Yu Wenjing Ning Huan Zhong Christian Sonne Institute of environmental Research at Greater Bay Area Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Department of Biology Center for EnvironmentBiodiversity and ConservationThe University of Texas at TylerTylerTX 75701USA School of environment Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210000China environmental and Life Science Program Trent UniversityPeterboroughOntarioK9H 0A1Canada Faculty of Science and Technology Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark 4000The Kingdom of Denmark Sustainability Cluster School of EngineeringUniversity of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradunUttarakhand 248001India

The 19th Asian Games astounded global audiences with an opening spectacle that showcased stunning digital fireworks(International Olympic Committee,2021;Zhe,2023).The groundbreaking display was brought to life through virtual reality(VR)and augmented reality(AR)*** sets a pioneering example to replace conventional fireworks in major international events as well as in other large-scale entertainment activities,marking a historic milestone in the pursuit of a sustainable and healthy future.

关键词： Wildlife Climate Change Heavy metals Noise LAN Light pollution

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Nanozyme catalysis in a crowded environment:The impact of diffusion and surface shielding

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5795-5800页

作者： Vasily G.Panferov Juewen Liu Department of Chemistry Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Nanozymes are widely used in various applications as nanosized catalysts for replacing *** accurate estimation of the catalytic activity of nanozymes in real conditions is *** this article,for the first time,we systematically studied the effect of macromolecular molecules co-existing in the real system on the oxidoreductase(peroxidase,oxidase,and catalase)-mimicking nanozymes made of a gold nanoparticle core and a platinum shell,Prussian Blue,Mn_(2)O_(3) and CoO *** were made with horseradish *** distinguished two main mechanisms of the negative impact of macromolecules on nanozyme catalysis—slowed diffusion and surface shielding of *** the first mechanism is typical for enzymes,the second one is specific only for *** the mechanisms is essential for developing approaches to reduce the unavoidable impact of macromolecules for various analytical and biomedical applications.

关键词： molecular crowding biosensors nanoparticles

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A comparison of fish tissue mercury concentrations from homogenized fillet and nonlethal biopsy plugs

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2019年第6期31卷 137-145页

作者： Alexis Knight Satyendra P.Bhavsar Brian A.Branfireun Peter Drouin Ram Prashad Steve Petro Moustapha Oke Department of Biology and Centre for environment and Sustainability Western University ontario ministry of the environment Conservation and Parks

The use of biopsy plugs to sample fish muscle tissue for mercury analyses is a viable alternative to lethal sampling; however, the practice has yet to be widely implemented in routine monitoring due to concerns about variability of mercury concentrations in fish muscle tissues. Here we examine distribution of mercury in fillets of four fish species(Walleye, Northern Pike, Smallmouth Bass and Lake Trout), suitability of left/right side of fillet for biopsy sampling, and appropriateness of re-using a biopsy punch. The results showed that average mercury concentrations in left and right fillets of fish are *** concentrations in biopsy plug samples, taken from the anterior dorsal area of the fish fillet, were statistically equivalent to the mercury concentrations in homogenized fillets. There was no discernible cross contamination between samples when a biopsy punch was reused after washing in hot soapy water, and as such, biopsy punches can be recycled during sampling to reduce the sampling cost. If a tissue mass collected from a specific site on the fillet is insufficient, then we suggest sampling corresponding locations on the other fillet rather than sampling two adjacent sites on one fillet to obtain more tissue. The results presented here can improve the accuracy of fillet biopsy plug sampling,minimize fish mortality for mercury monitoring, and reduce labor and material costs in monitoring programs.

关键词： Hg or mercury Fish advisory Nonlethal Monitoring Muscle tissue Biopsy punch plug

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Cumulative Air Quality Impacts from Twenty-Two Major Power Plants

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Journal of environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2024年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Md M.Karim Navin Bindra Arub Masud environment Health and Safety DepartmentGEEC Ltd.108 Earlsbridge Blvd.BramptonOntarioL7A 3W7Canada Department of Health Science University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioN2L 3G1Canada

Cumulative assessment is a tool for the project developer to try and take into consideration not only their contribution to cumulative impacts but also other projects and external factors that may place their developments at *** study assessed the cumulative impacts of air emissions from 22 major power plants in southeast Bangladesh planned to generate 21,550 MW of *** also includes anticipated growth in small to medium size industries,brickfields,highway traffic,inland water transport,transhippers,jetty,and vessel transports used for transporting fuel resources for these power plants.A 50 km by 50 km airshed is considered for air quality *** analysis indicates that predicted MGLCs(Maximum Ground Level Concentrations)of NO2 and CO are complying with both Bangladesh NAAQS(National Ambient Air Quality Standards)and WBG(World Bank Group)*** daily average MGLC of PM_(2.5)(62.45µg/m^(3))from all sources complies with NAAQS,however,exceeds the WBG *** PM_(2.5) concentration(15.45µg/m^(3))exceeds NAAQS and WBG *** PM10 concentration complies with the NAAQS for both 24-hour and annual averaging *** average concentration(23.12µg/m^(3))exceeds WBG *** average SO2 concentration(102.49µg/m^(3))complies with the NAAQS however,it exceeds the WBG guideline *** concentrations of PM_(2.5) and SO2 are due to the contribution of transboundary emissions and secondary pollutants in the *** dispersion modeling outcome can be used by the policymakers for the pollution reduction strategy.

关键词： CIA(Cumulative Impact Assessment) dispersion modeling power generation Bangladesh.

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Advantageous properties of halide perovskite quantum dots towards energy-efficient sustainable applications

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Green Energy & environment 2024年第6期9卷 949-965页

作者： Qian Zhao Shuo Wang Young-Hoon Kim Shekhar Mondal Qingqing Miao Simiao Li Danya Liu Miao Wang Yaxin Zhai Jianbo Gao Abhijit Hazarika Guo-Ran Li School of Materials Science and Engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin300350China Department of Energy Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea Polymers and Functional Materials Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical TechnologyUppal RoadTarnakHyderabad500007India Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of ministry of Education Department of PhysicsHunan Normal UniversityChangshHunan410081China Department of Chemistry Brock University1812 Sir Isaac WaySt CatharinesOntarioCanada

As lead halide perovskite(LHP)semiconductors have shown tremendous promise in many application fields,and particularly made strong impact in the solar photovoltaic area,low dimensional quantum dot forms of these perovskites are showing the potential to make distinct marks in the fields of electronics,optoelectronics and *** so-called perovskite quantum dots(PQDs)not only possess the most important features of LHP materials,i.e.,the unusual high defect tolerance,but also demonstrate clear quantum size effects,along with exhibiting desirable optoelectronic properties such as near perfect photoluminescent quantum yield,multiple exciton generation and slow hot-carrier ***,we review the advantageous properties of these nanoscale perovskites and survey the prospects for diverse applications which include lightemitting devices,solar cells,photocatalysts,lasers,detectors and memristors,emphasizing the distinct superiorities as well as the challenges.

关键词： Perovskite quantum dot Light-emitting Detector Laser Solar cell

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氮添加对内蒙古草原植物地上和地下碳氮磷化学计量学特征的影响

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第1期17卷 57-67页

作者： Ziqi Wang Jie Wang Honghui Wu Tian Yang Yixin An Yunlong Zhang Jianlin Bian Ying Li Haiyan Ren Ariuntsetseg Lkhagva Xu Wang Qiang Yu School of Grassland Science Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China National Hulunber Grassland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Nutrition and Fertilization Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Department of Biology University of Western OntarioLondonONCanada College of Grassland Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Resource environment and Tourism Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China College of Agro-grassland Science Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Biology School of Arts and SciencesNational University of MongoliaUlaanbaatar 14200Mongolia

氮沉降对生态系统功能和过程具有显著影响。已有研究表明氮添加会影响植物叶片C:N:P化学计量特征。然而,氮添加对植物根系C:N:P化学计量特征影响的研究罕有报道。本论文的主要目的是对比氮添加对草原植物群落地上和地下C:N:P化学计量特... 详细信息

氮沉降对生态系统功能和过程具有显著影响。已有研究表明氮添加会影响植物叶片C:N:P化学计量特征。然而,氮添加对植物根系C:N:P化学计量特征影响的研究罕有报道。本论文的主要目的是对比氮添加对草原植物群落地上和地下C:N:P化学计量特征的影响。我们在内蒙古锡林郭勒草原开展了一个7年的氮添加实验,该实验包括6个处理,分别是对照:control;N1:0.4 mol·m-2 N;N2:0.8 mol·m^(-2) N;N3:1.6 mol·m^(-2) N;N4:2.8 mol·m^(-2) N;N5:4 mol·m^(-2) N,每个处理6次重复。我们测量并分析了植物地上、地下生物量和C:N:P化学计量特征。研究结果表明,氮添加会导致植物群落地上部分碳浓度降低,氮浓度和磷浓度升高,C:N和C:P比值降低,N:P升高,而且地上碳、氮、磷库均因施氮而增加。然而,氮添加对0-10,10-30,30-50和50-100 cm 4个土层的地下部分碳、氮、磷浓度、比例、库和化学计量特征没有显著影响。综上所述,氮添加会显著改变植物群落地上部分C:N:P化学计量特征,进而影响草地生态系统的功能和过程,但对地下C:N:P化学计量特征几乎没有影响。

关键词：氮沉降 C:N:P 化学计量草地生态系统群落地下

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The new kid on the block in insect pest management:sprayable RNAi goes commercial

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 1766-1768页

作者： Junjie Yan Ralf Nauen Stuart Reitz Andrei Alyokhin Jiang Zhang David Mota-Sanchez Yonggyun Kim Subba Reddy Palli Silvia I.Rondon Brian A.Nault Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes Michael S.Crossley William E.Snyder Angharad M.R.Gatehouse Myron P.Zalucki Bruce E.Tabashnik Yulin Gao State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Bayer AG Crop Science DivisionR&DPest ControlMonheim 40789Germany Department of Crop and Soil Science Oregon State UniversityOntario 97914USA School of Biology and Ecology University of MaineOrono 04469USA Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Synthetic BiologyMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518000China Department of Entomology Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing 48864USA Department of Plant Medicals Andong National UniversityAndong 36729Republic of Korea Department of Entomology University of KentuckyLexington 40503USA Oregon State University Oregon Integrated Pest Management CenterCorvallis 97838USA Department of Entomology Cornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGeneva 14456USA Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology University of TennesseeKnoxville 37996USA Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology University of DelawareNewark 19716USA Department of Entomology University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgia 30602USA School of Natural and environmental Sciences Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE17RUUK School of the environment University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Shandong Engineering Research Center for environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management College of Plant Health and MedicineQingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao 266109China Department of Entomology University of ArizonaTucson 85721USA National Center of Excellence for Tuber and Root Crop Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Insect pest damage to crops is a threat to global food security(Tilman et al.,2011).Climate change,the evolution of insecticide resistance,and the phasing out of insecticides due to environmental and safety concerns exacerbate this *** urgently need safe and effective crop protection tools to sustainably generate yields that meet ever-increasing global demand.

关键词： crops damage pest

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