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Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Brain Tumors in Togo

Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2025年第1期15卷 56-64页

作者： Agbéko Komlan Doléagbénou Ablavi Oyénitwa Solange Adani-Ifè Ben Ousmane Djoubairou Ama Paula Adjidjonou Essossinam Kpélao Facult des Sciences de la Sant University of Lom Lom Togo Neurosurgery unit Regional Hospital Center of Lom Commune Lom Togo Neurosurgery unit Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital Lom Togo Medical oncology unit Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital Lom Togo Neurosurgery unit Military Hospital of Yaound Yaound Cameroon

Background: Pediatric brain tumors (PBT) are among the most common childhood neoplasms worldwide, but their management in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains under-documented. Limited access to specialized care, diagnostic tools, and adjuvant therapies poses significant challenges in sub-Saharan Africa, including Togo. Objective: This study reviews the management of pediatric brain tumors in Togo. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in the neurosurgery department at Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital between November 2017 and December 2022. Demographic, clinical, radiographic, operative, pathology, and outcome data were collected and analyzed. Results: Eighteen patients had histologically verified brain tumors. Ages ranged from 1 to 15 years (mean: 7.73 ± 4.28), with a sex ratio of 1. Symptoms of raised intracranial pressure were present in 83.4% of cases. The mean interval to presentation was 22 ± 5.32 months. Tumors were supratentorial in 66.7% of cases. Total tumor removal was achieved in 61.1%. Astrocytoma was the most common histological diagnosis, followed by ependymoma and medulloblastoma. Five patients (27.8%) died within the first month post-surgery. The estimated 5-year survival rate was 43% ± 5.4%. Conclusion: Delayed diagnosis, insufficient infrastructure, and limited access to radiotherapy and chemotherapy contribute to poor outcomes. Improving neurosurgical capacity, infrastructure, and financial support could enhance survival and outcomes for pediatric brain tumor patients in Togo.

关键词： Pediatric Brain Tumors Togo Neurosurgery Sub-Saharan Africa

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Accurate visualization colorectal cancer by monitoring viscosity variations with a novel mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 319-322页

作者： Fan Zheng Runsha Xiao Shuai Huang Zhikang Chen Chen Lai Anyao Bi Heying Yao Xueping Feng Zihua Chen Wenbin Zeng Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South University Hunan Key Laboratory of diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases Central South University Department of General Surgery Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumor Xiangya Hospital Central South University National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Department of oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Department of Otolaryngology-head and Neck Surgery and Institute of Medical Sciences Xiangya Hospital Central South University

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide, exhibiting high morbidity and mortality. Lack of efficient tools for early diagnosis and surgical resection guidance of CRC have been a serious threat to the long-term survival rate of the CRC patients. Recent studies have shown that relative higher viscosity was presented in tumor cells compared to that in normal cells, leading to viscosity as a potential biomarker for CRC. Herein, we reported the development of a series of novel viscosity-sensitive and mitochondria-specific fluorescent probes(HTB, HTI, and HTP) for CRC *** them, HTB showed high sensitivity, minimal background interference, low cytotoxicity, and significant viscous response capability, making it an ideal tool for distinguishing colorectal tumor cells from normal cells. Importantly, we have successfully utilized HTB to visualize in a CRC-cells-derived xenograft(CDX) model, enriching its medical imaging capacity, which laid a foundation for further clinical translational application.

关键词： Bioimaging Cancer diagnosis Colorectal cancer Fluorescent probe Mitochondrial-targeted Viscosity

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Adaptability of language-related brain network in a low-grade glioma patient

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第30期6卷 2372-2375页

作者： Olivera Sveljo Katarina Koprivsek Milos Lucic diagnostic Imaging Centre Oncology Institute of VojvodinaSremska KamenicaSerbia

Because functional magnetic resonance imaging can be used for dynamic observation of functional cortical changes after brain injuries, we followed up functional magnetic resonance imaging manifestations of a language-related brain network in a low-grade glioma patient. Disease progression and therapy during a 3-year period were followed up at different time points： before and after reoperation, after radiation therapy, and 1 year after irradiation. During the whole 3-year follow-up period, the patient exhibited no neurological deficits while functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed different topologies of the language-related brain network. During disease progression and after irradiation, the language-related brain network was extended or completely transferred to the nondominant （right） hemisphere. In addition, after reoperation and 1 year after irradiation, language areas were primarily found in the language dominant （left） hemisphere. Our results suggest a high level of adaptability of the language-related cortical network of the bilateral hemispheres in this low-grade glioma patient.

关键词： functional magnetic resonance imaging low-grade glioma cortical changes language-related brain network

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Pancreatic cancer:Future challenges and new perspectives for an early diagnosis

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World Journal of Clinical oncology 2025年第2期16卷 1-8页

作者： Silvia Cocca Giuseppina Pontillo Marinella Lupo Raffaele Lieto Margherita Marocchi Maria Marsico Emanuela Dell'Aquila Santi Mangiafico Giuseppe Grande Rita Conigliaro Helga Bertani Gastroenterology and Endoscopy unit Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico di ModenaModena 41121Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy unit Presidio Ospedaliero San Giuseppe Moscati(AversaCE)–ASL CasertaCaserta 81100Italy Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery University of Naples Federico IINaples 80131CampaniaItaly Department of Medical oncology 1 IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer InstituteRome 0144Italy Gastroenterology and Endoscopy unit Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Policlinico“G Rodolico–San Marco”Catania 95123SiciliaItaly

This editorial is a commentary on the case report by Furuya et al focusing on the challenging diagnosis of early pancreatic adenocarcinoma and new tools for an earlier ***,pancreatic cancer still has a poor prognosis,mainly due to late diagnosis in an advanced *** main precancerous routes have been identified as pathways to pancreatic adenocarcinoma:The first encompasses a large group of mucinous cystic lesions:intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm,and the second is pancreatic intraepithelial *** the last decade the focus of research has been to identify high-risk patients,using advanced imaging techniques(magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography or endoscopic ultrasonography)which could be helpful in finding“indirect signs”of early stage pancreatic ***,the survival rate still remains poor,and alternative screening methods are under *** retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytology could be a promising tool for identifying precursor lesions such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm,but confirming data are still needed to validate its *** a combination of cross-sectional imaging,endoscopic techniques(old and new ones)and genetic and biological biomarkers also in pancreatic juice)could be the best solution to reach an early *** could help to predict and follow the progression of early pancreatic ***,further studies are needed to validate their diagnostic reliability and to establish diagnostic algorithms to improve prognosis and survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Endoscopic ultrasonography Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography Serial pancreatic-juice aspiration cytologic examination

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Advancing precision medicine: the transformative role of artificial intelligence in immunogenomics, radiomics, and pathomics for biomarker discovery and immunotherapy optimization

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2025年第1期 33-47页

作者： Luchen Chang Jiamei Liu Jialin Zhu Shuyue Guo Yao Wang Zhiwei Zhou Xi Wei Department of diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer Departments of Biochemistry and Radiation oncology UT Southwestern Medical Center

Artificial intelligence(AI) is significantly advancing precision medicine, particularly in the fields of immunogenomics, radiomics, and pathomics. In immunogenomics, AI can process vast amounts of genomic and multi-omic data to identify biomarkers associated with immunotherapy responses and disease prognosis, thus providing strong support for personalized treatments. In radiomics, AI can analyze high-dimensional features from computed tomography(CT), magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), and positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT) images to discover imaging biomarkers associated with tumor heterogeneity, treatment response, and disease progression, thereby enabling non-invasive, real-time assessments for personalized therapy. Pathomics leverages AI for deep analysis of digital pathology images, and can uncover subtle changes in tissue microenvironments, cellular characteristics, and morphological features, and offer unique insights into immunotherapy response prediction and biomarker discovery. These AI-driven technologies not only enhance the speed, accuracy, and robustness of biomarker discovery but also significantly improve the precision, personalization, and effectiveness of clinical treatments, and are driving a shift from empirical to precision medicine. Despite challenges such as data quality, model interpretability, integration of multi-modal data, and privacy protection, the ongoing advancements in AI, coupled with interdisciplinary collaboration, are poised to further enhance AI's roles in biomarker discovery and immunotherapy response prediction. These improvements are expected to lead to more accurate, personalized treatment strategies and ultimately better patient outcomes, marking a significant step forward in the evolution of precision medicine.

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Robotic radiosurgery in pancreatic cancer: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第31期21卷 9420-9429页

作者： Milly Buwenge Francesco Cellini Nicola Silvestris Savino Cilla Francesco Deodato Gabriella Macchia Gian C Mattiucci Vincenzo Valentini Alessio G Morganti Department of Radiation oncology Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Radiation oncology Department Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico Medical oncology unit National Cancer Research Centre "Giovanni Paolo Ⅱ" Department of Medical Physics Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura Radiation oncology unit Department of ExperimentalDiagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMESUniversity of BolognaS.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital

AIM: To present a systematic review of techniques and clinical ***: A systematic review of published literature was performed. Only studies reporting patient outcome after radiosurgery(single fraction) delivered with robotic devices [i.e.,robotic radiosurgery(RRS)] have been ***: A total of 96 patients from 5 studies were included. The studies are characterized by small series and different methods in terms of dose,target definition,combination with chemotherapy and/or standard fractionated radiotherapy and evaluation modalities. Preliminary results are positive in terms of tumor response(ORR = 56%) and local control of the tumor(crude rate of local progressions: 19.5%).Results for median overall survival(11.4 mo) seem comparable with the ones of prolonged chemoradiation(range: 8.6-13.0 mo). However,gastrointestinal toxicity seems to be the main limitation of RRS,especially at the duodenal ***: RRS allows for local treatment in a shortened time(1 fraction) compared to traditional treatments(about 1 mo),providing the possibility for an easy integration with systemic therapies. Preliminary results did not show any outcome differences compared to standard chemoradiation. Thus,further efforts to reduce gastrointestinal toxicity are strongly needed.

关键词： Robotic Radiosurgery Pancreatic neoplasms Systemat

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Current status and challenges in sentinel node navigation surgery for early gastric cancer

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2017年第2期29卷 93-99页

作者： Bang Wool Eom Young-II Kim Hong Man Yoon Soo-Jeong Cho Jong Yeul Lee Chan GyooKim Soo Jin Kim Ji Yoon Rho Seok Ki Kim Myeong-Cherl Kook Young-Woo Kim Keun Won center for gastric cancer national cancer centerrepublic of korea center for diagnostic oncology national cancer centerrepublic of korea

Although a number of feasibility studies for sentinel node （SN） concepts in gastric cancer have been conducted since 2000, there remains a debate regarding detailed detection techniques and oncological safety. Two important multicenter phase II clinical trials were performed in Japan that used different methods and reached different conclusions; one confirmed acceptable results with a false-negative rate of 7%, and the other showed an unacceptably high false-negative rate of 46.4%. The Sentinel Node Oriented Tailored Approach （SENORITA） trial is a multicenter randomized controlled phase 1/I trial being performed in Korea. Patient enrollment is now complete and the long-term results are currently awaited. Recently, an image-guided SN mapping technique using infrared ray/fluorescence was introduced. This method might be a promising technology because it allows the clear visualization of SNs. With regard to the primary tumor, the non-exposed endoscopic wall-inversion surgery technique and non-exposure endolaparoscopic full-thickness resection with simple suturing technique have been reported. These methods prevent abdominal infection and tumor seeding and can be good alternatives to conventional laparoscopic gastric wedge resection. For indications, SN navigation surgery can be extended to patients who underwent non-curative endoscopic resection. Although a few studies have been performed on these patients, sentinel concepts may be beneficial to patients as they omit the need for additional gastrectomy. SN navigation surgery can lead to actual organ-preserving surgery and plays a key role in improving the quality of life of patients with early gastric cancer in the future.

关键词： Sentinel node navigation surgery early gastric cancer SENORITA

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Long-term survival of two patients with recurrent pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma treated with radiofrequency ablation:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第7期8卷 1241-1250页

作者： Mariacristina Di Marco Riccardo Carloni Stefania De Lorenzo Elisa Grassi Andrea Palloni Francesca Formica Stefano Brocchi Daria Maria Filippini Rita Golfieri Giovanni Brandi Department of Experimental Diagnosticand Specialty Medicine-DIMESSant'Orsola-Malpighi HospitalUniversity of BolognaBologna 40138Italy Medical oncology Ospedale degli InfermiFaenza 48018Italy Radiology unit Department of Diagnostic Medicine and PreventionSant'Orsola-Malpighi HospitalUniversity of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

BACKGROUND Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is a rare type of malignant pancreatic cancer that represents approximately 1%of all pancreatic *** to its very low incidence,only a few retrospective studies are *** surgery is the first choice for treatment,most patients experience recurrence(mainly in the liver) and there are no clear recommendations for patients with advanced *** SUMMARY We report two patients with PACC treated with sturgery who experienced tumour recurrence in the *** 1 carried a germline mutation in the APC *** patients were treated with gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin and gemcitabine plus capecitabine as first-and second-line therapies,*** a favoturable response to chemotherapy,the patients underwent radiofrequency ablation of the remaining liver *** patient 1,we documented a relapse in the liver after a disease-free period of 9 mo,and treatment with gemcitabine plus capecitabine was *** patient achieved a complete response,and he remains alive without evidence of disease recurrence after six *** radiofrequency ablation,patient 2 experienced disease-free survival for 21 mo,when peritoneal relapse was diagnosed and treated with *** patient achieved a stable disease state for nearly two years;nevertheless,further progressive disease was documented,and he died seven years after the first *** PACC presents different biological behaviours than pancreatic *** treatment involving local ablative therapies may be considered for PACC.

关键词： Acinar cell carcinoma Pancreas Liver metastasis Radiofrequency ablation Case report

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Systematic review of amyloid-beta clearance proteins from the brain to the periphery:implications for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and therapeutic targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第12期20卷 3574-3590页

作者： Letian Huang Mingyue Liu Ze Li Bing Li Jiahe Wang Ke Zhang Department of oncology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Developmental Cell Biology Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthChina Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Family Medicine Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina

Amyloid-beta clearance plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.H oweve r,the variation in functional proteins involved in amyloid-beta clearance and their correlation with amyloid-beta levels remain unclea *** this study,we conducted meta-analyses and a systematic review using studies from the PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library databases,including journal articles published from inception to J une 30,*** inclusion criteria included studies comparing the levels of functional proteins associated with amyloid-beta clearance in the blood,cere b rospinal fluid,and brain of healthy controls,patients with mild cognitive impairment,and patients with Alzheimer's ***,we analyzed the correlation between these functional proteins and amyloid-beta levels in patients with Alzheimer's *** methodological quality of the studies was assessed via the Newcastle-Ottawa *** to heterogeneity,we utilized either a fixed-effect or random-effect model to assess the 95%confidence interval(CI)of the standard mean difference(SMD)among healthy controls,patients with mild cognitive impairment,and patients with Alzheimer's *** findings revealed significant alterations in the levels of insulin-degrading enzymes,neprilysin,matrix metalloproteinase-9,cathepsin D,receptor for advanced glycation end products,and P-glycoprotein in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease,patients with mild cognitive impairment,and healthy *** cerebrospinal fluid,the levels of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 are altered,whereas the levels of TREM2,CD40,CD40L,CD14,CD22,cathepsin D,cystatin C,andα2 M in peripheral blood ***,TREM2 and cathepsin D showed changes in both brain(SMD=0.31,95%CI:0.16-0.47,P<0.001,I^(2)=78.4%;SMD=1.24,95%CI:0.01-2.48,P=0.048,I^(2)=90.1%)and peripheral blood(SMD=1.01,95%CI:0.35-1.66,P=0.003,I^(2)=96.5%;SMD=7.55,95%CI:3.92-11.18,P<0.001,I^(

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β blood‒brain barrier cerebrospinal fluid diagnostic biomarker meta-analysis mild cognitive impairment peripheral blood systematic review therapeutic targets

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Exploring the role of molecular biomarkers as a potential weapon against gastric cancer: a review of the literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第26期22卷 5896-5908页

作者： Marwa Matboli Sarah El-Nakeep Nourhan Hossam Alaa Habieb Ahmed EM Azazy Ali E Ebrahim Ziad Nagy Omar Abdel-Rahman oncology diagnostic unit Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo 113331 Egypt Hepatology and Gastroenterology unit Internal Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo 113331 Egypt Armed Forces College of Medicine Cairo 113331 Egypt Clinical oncology Department Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo 113331 Egypt

Gastric cancer(GC) is a global health problem and a major cause of cancer-related death with high recurrence rates ranging from 25% to 40% for GC patients staging Ⅱ-Ⅳ. Unfortunately, while the majority of GC patients usually present with advanced tumor stage; there is still limited evidence-based therapeutic options. Current approach to GC management consists mainly of; endoscopy followed by, gastrectomy and chemotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy. Recent studies in GC have confirmed that it is a heterogeneous disease. Many molecular characterization studies have been performed in GC. Recent discoveries of the molecular pathways underlying the disease have opened the door to more personalized treatment and better predictable outcome. The identification of molecular markers is a useful tool for clinical managementin GC patients, assisting in diagnosis, evaluation of response to treatment and development of novel therapeutic modalities. While chemotherapeutic agents have certain physiological effects on the tumor cells, the prediction of the response is different from one type of tumor to the other. The specificity of molecular biomarkers is a principal feature driving their application in anticancer therapies. Here we are trying to focus on the role of molecular pathways of GC and well-established molecular markers that can guide the therapeutic management.

关键词： Gastric cancer Molecular therapy Targeted therapy Biomarkers Bioinformatics

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