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geological conditions and reservoir characteristics of various shales in major shalehosted regions of china

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china Geology 2024年第1期7卷 138-149页

作者： Shu-jing Bao Tian-xu Guo Jin-tao Yin Wei-bin Liu Sheng-jian Wang Hao-han Li Zhi Zhou Shi-zhen Li Xiang-lin Chen The Key Laboratory of Unconventional Petroleum Geology China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural Resources100083 BeijingChina oil and gas survey China Geological Survey100083 BeijingChina Research Institute of Yanchang Petroleum(Group)CO.LTD 710076 Xi’anChina

china is home to shales of three facies:Marine shale,continental shale,and marine-continental transitional *** types of shale gas are associated with significantly different formation conditions and major controlling *** study compared the geological characteristics of various shales and analyzed the influences of different parameters on the formation and accumulation of shale *** general,shales in china’s several regions exhibit high total organic carbon(TOC)contents,which lays a sound material basis for shale gas *** strata generally show high degrees of thermal *** contrast,continental shales manifest low degrees of thermal evolution,necessitating focusing on areas with relatively high degrees of thermal evolution in the process of shale gas surveys for these *** shales of the Wufeng and Silurian formations constitute the most favorable shale gas reservoirs since they exhibit the highest porosity among the three types of *** shales are followed by those in the Niutitang and Longtan *** contrast,the shales of the Doushantuo,Yanchang,and Qingshankou formations manifest low ***,the shales of the Wufeng and Longmaxi formations exhibit high brittle mineral *** a low siliceous mineral content,the shales of the Doushantuo Formation feature a high carbonate mineral content,which can increase the shales’brittleness to some *** marine-continental transitional shales,where thin interbeds of tight sandstone with unequal thicknesses are generally found,it is recommended that fracturing combined with drainage of multiple sets of lithologic strata should be employed to enhance their shale gas production.

关键词： Shale gas Marine shale Continental shale Marine-continental transitional shale Neoproterozoic-Cretaceous strata geological conditions Reservoir characteristics Petroleum geological survey engineering

Novel method for identifying the stages of discharge underwater based on impedance change characteristic

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 133-145页

作者：高崇康忠健龚大建张扬王玉芳孙一鸣 Department of New Energy China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580People’s Republic of China Shanghai Ruida Fengzhi Science and Technology Corporation Shanghai 201703People’s Republic of China china National Petroleum Group General Research Institute of Engineering and Technology Corporation Beijing 100029People’s Republic of China oil and gas Resource survey Center China Geological SurveyBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China

It is difficult to determine the discharge stages in a fixed time of repetitive discharge underwater due to the arc formation process being susceptible to external environmental influences. This paper proposes a novel underwater discharge stage identification method based on the Strong Tracking Filter(STF) and impedance change characteristics. The time-varying equivalent circuit model of the discharge underwater is established based on the plasma theory analysis of the impedance change characteristics and mechanism of the discharge process. The STF is used to reduce the randomness of the impedance of repeated discharges underwater, and then the universal identification resistance data is obtained. Based on the resistance variation characteristics of the discriminating resistance of the pre-breakdown, main, and oscillatory discharge stages, the threshold values for determining the discharge stage are obtained. These include the threshold values for the resistance variation rate(K) and the moment(t).Experimental and error analysis results demonstrate the efficacy of this innovative method in discharge stage determination, with a maximum mean square deviation of Scrless than 1.761.

关键词： discharge underwater discharge stage identification impedance characteristics strong tracking filter

Structural features in the mid-southern section of the Kyushu–Palau Ridge based on satellite altimetry gravity anomaly

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 50-60页

作者： Feifei Zhang Dingding Wang Xiaolin Ji Fanghui Hou Yuan Yang Wanyin Wang School of geological Engineering and Geomatics Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710054China Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological SurveyQingdao 266071China Information and Navigation College Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an 710077China National Engineering Research Center of Offshore oil and gas Exploration Beijing 100028China Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China

The Kyushu–Palau Ridge(KPR),an anti-S-shaped submarine highland at the center of the Philippine Sea Plate(PSP),is considered the residual arc of the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Island Arc,which retains key information about the cessation of the Western Philippine Basin(WPB)expansion and the Parece Vela Basin(PVB)***,using the new generation of satellite altimetry gravity data,high-precision seafloor topography data,and newly acquired ship-borne gravity data,the topographic and gravity characteristics of the KPR mid-southern section and adjacent region are *** distribution characteristics of the faults were delineated using the normalized vertical derivative–total horizontal derivative method(NVDR-THDR)and the minimum curvature potential field separation *** Moho depth and crustal thickness were inverted using the rapid inversion method for a double-interface model with depth *** on these results,the crust structure features in the KPR mid-southern section,and the“triangular”structure geological significance where the KPR and Central Basin Rift(CBR)of the WPB intersect are *** KPR crustal thickness is approximately 6–16 km,with a distinct discontinuity that is slightly thicker than the normal oceanic *** KPR mid-southern section crust structure was divided into four segments(S1–S4)from north to south,formed by the CBR eastward extension joint action and clockwise rotation of the PVB expansion axis and the Mindanao fault zone blocking effect.

关键词： structural features satellite altimetry gravity data Kyushu-Palau Ridge Central Basin Rift faults Moho depth

Genesis of the Nuri Cu-W-Mo Deposit,Tibet,china:Constraints from in situ Trace Elements and Sr Isotopic Analysis of Scheelite

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 117-131页

作者： WANG Yiyun WU Zhishan CHEN Wenqing DU Qing’an TANG Liwei SHI Hongzhao MA Guotao ZHANG Zhi LIANG Wei WU Bo MIAO Hengyi Chengdu Center China Geological Survey(Geoscience Innovation Center of Southwest China)Chengdu 610081China The Second geological Institute of china’s Metallurgical Geology Bureau Fuzhou 351111China

The Nuri deposit is the only Cu-W-Mo polymetallic deposit with large-scale WO3 resources in the eastern section of the Gangdese metallogenic belt,Tibet,***,the genetic type of this deposit has been controversial since its *** on a study of the geological characteristics of the deposit,this study presents mineralization stages,focusing on the oxide stage and the quartz-sulfide stage where scheelite is mainly formed,referred to as Sch-A and Sch-B,*** LA-ICP-MS trace element and Sr isotope analyses,the origin,evolutionary process of the oreforming fluid and genesis of the ore deposit are *** Electron Microscope-Cathodoluminescence(SEMCL)observations reveal that Sch-A consists of three generations,with dark gray homogenous Sch-A1 being replaced by relatively lighter and homogeneous Sch-A2 and Sch-A3,with Sch-A2 displaying a gray CL image color with vague and uneven growth bands and Sch-A3 has a light gray CL image color with hardly any growth *** contrast,Sch-B exhibits a‘core-rim’structure,with the core part(Sch-B1)being dark gray and displaying a uniform growth band,while the rim part(Sch-B2)is light gray and *** normalized distribution pattern of rare earth elements in scheelite and Sr isotope data suggest that the early ore-forming fluid in the Nuri deposit originated from granodiorite porphyry and,later on,some country rock material was mixed in,due to strong water-rock *** the O-H isotope data further indicates that the ore-forming fluid in the Nuri deposit originated from magmatic-hydrothermal sources,with contributions from metamorphic water caused by water-rock interaction during the mineralization process,as well as later meteoric *** intense water-rock interaction likely played a crucial role in the precipitation of scheelite,leading to varying Eu anomalies in different generations of scheelite from the oxide stage to the quartz-sulfide stage,while also causing a

关键词： trace elements in situ Sr isotopes tungsten mineralization Gangdese metallogenic belt Tibet

Geochronology,Geochemistry,and Sr-Nd-Hf Isotopes of the Diorite Porphyrites from the Weining Beishan Area,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region:Constraints on Their Source and Tectonic Implications

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 462-475页

作者： Anlu Liu Lianfu Hai Jinke Liu Xiaojun Zhang Haifeng Li Fengshun Zhao Guoliang Zhao Jinhe Bai Yifu Museum China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Earth Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Mineral geological survey Institute of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Yinchuan750021China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mineral Exploration Education China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Coal geological survey Institute of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Yinchuan750021China Zhuhai Engineering investigation Institute of Guangdong Province Zhuhai519000China

The Weining Beishan area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is located at on the western edge of the Helanshan tectonic belt,which is a tectonic joint among Alxa Block,Ordos Block,and North Qilian orogenic ***,the tectonic evolution of this area remains unclear due to the lack of magmatic *** paper conducted researches on geochronology,geochemistry,and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes of the diorite porphyrites exposed in the Weining Beishan *** zircon U-Pb dating yields two ages of 145.0±1.1 and 146.2±1.5 Ma,and the whole-rock geochemical data indicate that the diorite porphyrites are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous and high-K calc-alkaline *** characteristics of highly initial^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios(0.70816 to 0.71047),negativeε_(Nd)(t)(−8.9 to−8.4),and negativeε_(Hf)(t)(−13.8 to−21.2)indicate that the diorite porphyrites originated from partial melting of the middle-lower ancient crust related to the North china *** with the regional geology,we suggested that partial melting was triggered by a tectonic activity of deep faults cutting through the crust under the regional stress transformation from compressing to extension during the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous,which is probably related to the westward subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate.

关键词： zircon U-Pb dating Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes magma source diorite porphyrite Weining Beishan area Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region geochronology geochemistry

Dynamic Effect of Landslides Triggered by Earthquake:A Case Study in Moxi Town of Luding County,china

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 221-234页

作者： Hongfu Zhou Fei Ye Wenxi Fu Bin Liu Tian Fang Rui Li Chengdu Center China Geological SurveyChengdu 610081China State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain Rivers Protection Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Sichuan geological survey Chengdu610081China Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266590China

The dynamic effect is a very important issue widely debated by scholars when studying the genetic and disaster-causing mechanisms of earthquake-triggered ***,the dynamic effect mechanism and phenomena of earthquake-triggered landslides were summarized in this ***,the primary types of dynamic effects were further used to interpret the Mogangling landslide in Moxi Town of Luding County,china.A field investigation,remote sensing,numerical calculation and theoretical analysis were carried out to illustrate the failure mechanism of slope rock masses affected by *** interaction between seismic waves and slope rock masses and the induced dynamic effect of slope rock masses were primarily accounted for in the *** slope topography,rock mass weathering and unloading characteristics,river erosion,regional seismogenic structure,and rock mass structure characteristics were also *** results showed that the formation of the Mogangling landslide was mainly related to the high amplification effect of seismic acceleration and back slope effects,interface dynamic stress effects,and double-sided slope effects of seismic waves caused by the catastrophic Ms 7.75 Moxi Earthquake in *** principles for the site and route selection of large-scale infrastructure in the planning stage and the scientific prevention of seismic geological disasters were proposed on the basis of the dynamic effect of earthquake-induced landslides.

关键词： dynamic effect coupling of endogenic and exogenic processes landslides earthquakes disaster prevention

Quaternary Activity Characteristics and Regional Tectonic Significance of the Jiulong Fault in Jiujiang,Jiangxi Province,china

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1107-1117页

作者： Xin Qi Yuyong Jiao Qinghua Li Bin Li Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Wuhan Center China Geological SurveyWuhan430205China Institute of geological survey China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

Obtaining geological and landform dislocation features,as well as the measured stratigraphic activity age,provides direct evidence to evaluate fault activity,which is more difficult to do in areas with low tectonic activity,such as eastern and central china.A detailed investigation of the fault activity,trenching,drilling joint geological profile,geological survey,and chronological analysis were used to obtain the spatial geometry,fault kinematics,and activity chronology of the Jiulong *** conclusions are as follows:(1)The Jiulong fault was a fracture zone composed of four branch faults,with a width of around 30–40 m and good extendibility,while the maximum surface rupture length was 373 m.(2)The Jiulong fault has many strata dislocations,and the dislocation distance decreased from bottom to top,demonstrating synsedimentary structure characteristics,with a maximum stratigraphic dislocation distance of 18.2 m.(3)Preliminary analysis suggested the Jiulong fault as a secondary fracture of the Xiangfan-Guangji fault zone and provided evidence of the southeastward extension of the Xiangfan-Guangji fault.A preliminary hypothesis purported the Xiangfan-Guangji fault as the seismogenic fault of the Ms 5.0 magnitude earthquake in 1911.(4)According to OSL and ESR dating analyses,the upper breakpoint of the Jiulong fault cuts into the Late Pleistocene Xingang Formation(Qp3x)strata,and the latest active age of the Jiulong fault was 57.6 *** chronology analysis confirmed an active fault from the Late Pleistocene and identified a weak tectonic in Jiujiang Province,which represents the largest active fault outcrop uncovered in the area so *** study provides evidence and research materials for the evaluation of fault activity and seismic stability in this region.

关键词： active fault regional tectonic earthquakes seismic intensity tectonics

Thermal and exhumation history of the Songnan Low Uplift,Qiongdongnan Basin:constraints from the apatite fission-track and zircon(U-Th)/He thermochronology

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 40-49页

作者： Xiaoyin Tang Kaixun Zhang Shuchun Yang Shuai Guo Xinyan Zhao Zhizhao Bai Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Tectonic Reconstruction Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geomechanics China Geological SurveyBeijing 100081China china National Offshore oil Corporation(CNOOC)Research Center Beijing 100028China

Significant advancements have been made in the study of Mesozoic granite buried hills in the Songnan Low Uplift(SNLU)of the Qiongdongnan *** findings indicate that the bedrock buried hills in this basin hold great potential for *** samples taken from the granite buried hills in the SNLU were analyzed using apatite fission track(AFT)and zircon(U-Th)/He data to unravel the thermal history of the basement *** information is crucial for understanding the processes of exhumation and alteration that occurred after its *** modeling of a sample from the western bulge of the SNLU revealed a prolonged cooling event from the late Mesozoic to the Oligocene period(~80-23.8 Ma),followed by a heating stage from the Miocene epoch until the present(~23.8 Ma to present).In contrast,the sample from the eastern bulge experienced a more complex thermal *** underwent two cooling stages during the late Mesozoic to late Eocene period(~80-36.4 Ma)and the late Oligocene period(~30-23.8 Ma),interspersed with two heating phases during the late Eocene to early Oligocene period(~36.4-30 Ma)and the Miocene epoch to recent times(~23.8-0 Ma),*** differences in exhumation histories between the western and eastern bulges during the late Eocene to Oligocene period in the SNLU can likely be attributed to differences in fault *** typical passive continental margin basins,the SNLU has experienced accelerated subsidence after the rifting phase,which began around 5.2 Ma *** possible mechanism for this abnormal post-rifting subsidence may be the decay or movement of the deep thermal source and the rapid cooling of the ***-term and multi-episodic cooling and exhumation processes play a key role in the alteration of bedrock and contribute to the formation of *** the other hand,rapid post-rifting subsidence(sedimentation)promotes the formation of cap rocks.

关键词： granite buried hills (U-Th)/He dating fission-track dating exhumation Songnan Low Uplift

Two stages power generation test of the hot dry rock exploration and production demonstration project in the Gonghe Basin,northeastern Qinghai-Tibet plateau,china

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china Geology 2024年第3期7卷 409-421页

作者： Er-yong Zhang Dong-guang Wen Gui-ling Wang Xian-peng Jin Lin-you Zhang Hai-dong Wu Wen-shi Wang Cheng-ming Ye Wei Weng Kuan Li Jin-sheng Wu Xian-chun Tang Chong-yuan Zhang Qing-da Feng Sheng Lian Li-sha Hu Gui-lin Zhu Xing-long Xie Bin Wu Dan Wang Xue Niu Zhao-xuan Niu Dong-lin Liu Hui Zhang Wen-hao Xu Shu-qing Yao Li Yang Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology survey China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesTianjin 300304China Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChina Geological SurveyShijiazhuang 050061China Institute of Exploration Techniques Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChina Geological SurveyLangfang 065000China Institute of Exploration Engineering China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China Institute of Exploration Technology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChengdu 611734China Chinese Academy of geological Sciences China Geological SurveyBeijing 100037China Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesChina Geological SurveyBeijing 100081China Geoscience Documentation Center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100083China

The Hot Dry Rock(HDR)is considered as a clean and renewable energy,poised to significantly contribute to the global energy decarbonization *** HDR projects worldwide have accumulated valuable experience in efficient drilling and completion,reservoir construction,and fracture *** 2019,china geological survey(CGS)initiated a demonstration project of HDR exploration and production in the Gonghe Basin,aiming to overcome the setbacks faced by HDR *** the ensuing four years,the Gonghe HDR project achieved the first power generation in 2021,followed by the second power generation test in *** establishing the primary well group in the initial phase,two directional wells and one branch well were *** progress was made in successfully constructing the targeted reservoir,realizing inter-well connectivity,power generation and grid connection,implementing of the real-time micro-seismic monitoring.A closed-loop technical validation of the HDR exploration and production was ***,many technical challenges remain in the process of HDR industrialization,such as reservoir fracture network characterization,efficient drilling and completion,multiple fracturing treatment,continuous injection and production,as well as mitigation of induced seismicity and numerical simulation technology.

关键词： Power generation Hot dry rock(HDR) Enhanced geothermal system(EGS) Genesis mechanism Gonghe Basin Directional drilling Reservoir construction Circulation test Induced seismicity Clean energy exploration engineering