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Energy Engineering 2024年第4期121卷 1007-1026页

作者： Zhuo Chen Ningning Wang Wenbo Jin Dui Li The Second oil production Plant Sinopec Northwest Oilfield CompanyUrumqi830011China Yingmaili oil and gas production Management Area PetroChina Tarim Oilfield CompanyKorla841001China College of Petroleum Engineering Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an710065China

A hard problem that hinders the movement of waxy crude oil is wax deposition in oil *** ensure the safe operation of crude oil pipelines,an accurate model must be developed to predict the rate of wax deposition in crude oil *** at the shortcomings of the ENN prediction model,which easily falls into the local minimum value and weak generalization ability in the implementation process,an optimized ENN prediction model based on the IRSA is *** validity of the new model was confirmed by the accurate prediction of two sets of experimental data on wax deposition in crude oil *** two groups of crude oil wax deposition rate case prediction results showed that the average absolute percentage errors of IRSA-ENN prediction models is 0.5476% and 0.7831%,***,it shows a higher prediction accuracy compared to the ENN prediction *** fact,the new model established by using the IRSA to optimize ENN can optimize the initial weights and thresholds in the prediction process,which can overcome the shortcomings of the ENN prediction model,such as weak generalization ability and tendency to fall into the local minimum value,so that it has the advantages of strong implementation and high prediction accuracy.

关键词： Waxy crude oil wax deposition rate chaotic map improved reptile search algorithm Elman neural network prediction accuracy

Effect of high-multiple water injection on rock pore structure and oil displacement efficiency

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 234-238页

作者： Xiao Lei Chunpeng Zhao Qiaoliang Zhang Panrong Wang Runfu Xiong Zhanjiang branch Company CNOOCZhanjiang524057GuangdongChina SINOPEC Petroleum exploration and production Research Institute Beijing100083China

Experimental methods,including mercury pressure,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and core(wateroil)displacement,are used to examine the effects of high-multiple water injection(*** injection with high injected pore volume)on rock properties,pore structure and oil displacement efficiency of an oilfield in the western South China *** results show an increase in the permeability of rocks along with particle migration,an increase in the pore volume and the average pore throat radius,and enhanced heterogeneity after high-multiple water *** with normal water injection methods,a high-multiple water injection is more effective in improving the oil displacement *** degree of recovery increases faster in the early stage due to the expansion of the swept area,and the transition from oil-wet to *** degree of recovery increases less in the late stage due to various factors,including the enhancement of heterogeneity in the *** both the economic aspect and the production limit of water flooding,it is recommended to adopt other technologies to further enhance oil recovery after 300 PV water injection.

关键词： High multiple Water injection Rock permeability Pore structure oil displacement efficiency

Hydrodynamic resistance of pore–throat structures and its effect on shale oil apparent permeability

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第2期11卷 101-110页

作者： Wendong Wang Qian Zhang Jilong Xu Da Zheng Lifeng Liu Yuliang Su Key Laboratory of Unconventional oil and gas Development Ministry of EducationQingdao 266580China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580ShandongChina PetroChina oil Gas and New Energies CompanyBeijing 100083China Research Institute of Petroleum exploration and Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China

oil transport is greatly affected by heterogeneous pore–throat structures present in *** is therefore very important to accurately characterize pore–throat ***,it remains unclear how pore–throat structures affect oil transport *** this paper,using finite element(FE)simulation and mathematical modeling,we calculated the hydrodynamic resistance for four pore–throat *** addition,the influence of pore throat structure on shale oil permeability is *** to the results,the hydrodynamic resistance of different pore throat structures can vary by 300%.The contribution of additional resistance caused by streamline bending is also in excess of 40%,even without slip ***-thermore,Pore–throat structures can affect apparent permeability by more than 60%on the REV scale,and this influence increases with heterogeneity of pore size distribution,organic matter content,and organic matter ***,modeling shale oil flow requires consideration of porous–throat structure and additional resistance,otherwise oil recovery and flow capacity may be overestimated.

关键词： Pore–throat structure Hydrodynamic resistance Apparent permeability REV-scale Shale oil

A hybrid WUDT-NAFnet for simultaneous source data deblending

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1649-1659页

作者： Chao-Fan Ke Shao-Huan Zu Jun-Xing Cao Xu-Dong Jiang Chao Li Xing-Ye Liu Key Laboratory of Earth exploration and Information Technology of Ministry of Education Chengdu University of Technology State Key Laboratory of oil and gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Chengdu University of Technology College of Geophysics Chengdu University of Technology

Simultaneous source technology,which reduces seismic survey time and improves the quality of seismic data by firing more than one source with a narrow time interval,is compromised by the massive blended ***,deblending algorithms have been developed to separate this ***,deep learning(DL)has been proved its great potential in suppressing the *** most popular DL method employs neural network as a filter to attenuate the blended noise in an iterative estimation and subtraction framework(IESF).However,there are still amplitude distortion and blended noise residual problems,especially when dealing with weak signal submerged in strong *** address these problems,we propose a hybrid WUDT-NAFnet,which contains two *** first network is a wavelet based U-shape deblending transformer network(WUDTnet),incorporated into IESF as a robust regularization term to iteratively separate the blended *** second network is a nonlinear activate free network(NAFnet)designed to recover the event amplitude and further suppress the weak noise residual in *** the hybrid network,the blended noise can be separated purposefully and *** using synthetic and field seismic data demonstrate that the WUDTNAFnet outperforms traditional curvelet transform(CT)based method and the deblending transformer(DT)model in terms of ***,for field applications,the data augmentation method of bicubic interpolation is applied to mitigate the feature difference between synthetic and field ***,the trained network exhibits strong signal preservation ability in numerical field example without requiring additional training.

关键词： Simultaneous-source Deblending Deep learning Transformer

Cratonic Strike-Slip Faults in the Southwest Ordos Basin(Central China)， and Their Influence on Hydrocarbon Accumulation

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Zhao Wang Lei Huang Chiyang Liu Faqi He Huichong Jia Fubin Wang Peng Yang Fei Yang Xiaowei Li Sixuan Wu State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics， Northwest University Institute of oil and gas Basin， Northwest University Xi'an Sinopec North China oil and gas branch Geology and Geophysics Program， Missouri University of Science and Technology exploration and Development Research Institute， PetroChina Southwest oil & gasfield Company

Cratonic strike-slip fault， despite its potentially significant influence on hydrocarbon accumulation， has attracted limited attention. This study investigates the geometry and kinematics of the cratonic strike-slip faults newly identified within the southwest Ordos Basin， Central China， based on 3D seismic reflection data. We recognized three dominant sets of faults with strike-slip nature trending respectively in NW， ENE， and N–S directions in the study area. These faults exhibit a stratified style characterized by distinct trends across various strata， with ENE-trending faults in the Mesozoic strata (Area A)， N-S-trending faults in the Paleozoic strata， and vertically discontinuous structures in the Mesozoic and Paleozoic strata (NW-trending Yudu fault zone and ENE-trending Yulinzi and Zaosheng fault zones). The contrasting kinematics of strike-slip faults observed in deep and shallow layers further confirm such fault stratification， suggesting isolated fault evolution within respective layers. The quantified fault parameters obtained from seismic reflection data， including length， width and displacement， suggest that these cratonic strike-slip faults in the Ordos Basin are immature. Comparisons with strike-slip faults in other cratonic basins and active tectonic settings suggest that the strike-slip faults within the Ordos Basin are representative of cratonic strike-slip faults， characterized by low maturity and a stratified faulting style， and they have special propagation mechanism (preferentially occurring in the shallow strata of the interior of the basin). Moreover， these fault characteristics have dual impacts on petroleum accumulation in the southwest Ordos Basin. The low faulty maturity makes the fault zone a special hydrocarbon reservoir (fault-fracture volume) in tight sandstone， while the stratified faulting style vertically separates the Mesozoic and Paleozoic petroleum systems in the southwest Ordos Basin. Our findings therefore contribute significa

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A new model simulating the development of gas condensate reservoirs

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 239-248页

作者： Yang Yang Zengmin Lun Rui Wang Maolei Cui Wei Hu Petroleum exploration and production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing100083China

A new simulation model for the development of gas condensate reservoirs is introduced based on the influence that phase change,non-Darcy flow,and capillary pressure have on the production of gas *** model predicts well performance,including bottom-hole pressure,oil/gas production rate,oil/gas recovery,gaseoil ratio,and the change in produced fluid *** also calculates dynamic characters,such as the change of pressure field and oil/gas saturation field during the development of gas condensate *** model is applicable to different boundary conditions(both constant-pressure and sealed boundary)and different production modes(both constant-pressure and constant-volume production modes).Model validation attempted using numerical simulation results for sealed boundary conditions with constant-pressure production mode has shown a relatively good match,proving its *** constant-pressure boundary conditions with constant-volume production mode,four stages are defined according to the dynamic behavior of production performance in the development of gas condensate reservoirs.

关键词： gas condensate reservoir Phase behavior Numerical simulation Pseudo-pressure method

Progress in research on the exploration and evaluation of deep geothermal resources in the Fujian-Guangdong-Hainan region,China

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 1-13页

作者： Herong Zheng Jun Luo Petroleum exploration and production Research Institute SINOPECBeijing 102206China

Deep geothermal resources in the Fujian-Guangdong-Hainan region,China,offer significant potential for sustainable *** diverse igneous rock formations along the southeast coast present intricate geological challenges that impede exploration and evaluation *** this study,we address critical concerns related to the Fujian-Guangdong-Hainan region's deep geothermal resources,encompassing heat source composition,formation conditions,strategic favorable areas,and exploration *** methods involve the analysis of regional geothermal reservoirs and cap *** findings include:the primary heat sources in the Fujian-Guangdong-Hainan region consist of the radioactive heat generation from granites in the crust,heat conduction in the mantle,and,in specific areas like Yangjiang and Shantou,melts within the middle and lower crust;the deep,high-temperature geothermal resources in the region predominantly reside in basins'depressed *** areas are characterized by the confluence of triple heat sources:heat from the Earth's crust,mantle,and other supplementary sources;our analysis led to the identification of three strategic areas favorable for deep geothermal resources in the Fujian-Guangdong-Hainan *** are the Beibu Gulf Basin's continental area,the Yuezhong Depression,and the Fuzhou-Zhangzhou area.

关键词： Deep geothermal resources Geology of geothermal energy Strategic selection

A tectono-thermal perspective on the petroleum generation,accumulation and preservation in the southern Ordos Basin, North China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1459-1473页

作者： Peng Yang Zhan-Li Ren Jin-Hua Fu Hong-Ping Bao Hui Xiao Zheng Shi Kun Wang Yuan-Yuan Zhang Wen-Hui Liu Wen-Hou Li State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi'an710069ShanxiChina National Engineering Laboratory for exploration and Development of Low-Permeability oil and gas Fields Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield CompanyXi'an710018ShaanxiChina Shaanxi Key Lab of Petroleum Accumulation Geology School of Earth Science and EngineeringXi'an Shiyou UniversityXian710065ShaanxiChina Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology Petroleum Exploration and Production Research InstituteSINOPECWuxi214126JiangsuChina

The southern Ordos Basin has excellent petroleum exploration ***,the tectono-thermal history and the controls on petroleum generation,accumulation and preservation conditions in southern basin are *** this study,we analyzed the present geothermal field,paleo-geothermal gradient,maturity of the hydrocarbon source rocks,uplift and cooling process and tectono-thermal evolution *** the study area,for the Ordovician,Permain and the Triassic strata,the present temperature is low(3070℃)in the southeastern area but high(80140℃)in the northwestern *** paleogeothermal gradient varied from 24℃/km to 30℃/km with a heat flow of 58—69 m W/m^(2)(i.e.,a medium-temperature basin).The paleo-temperatures are higher than the present temperatures and the maximum paleo-temperatures controlled the thermal maturity of the source *** vitrinite reflectance(Ro)values of the Triassic strata are>0.7%and the thermal maturity reached the middlemature oil generation *** Rovalues of the Permian-Ordovician strata are>1.8%and the thermal maturity reached the over-mature gas generation *** southern Ordos Basin has experienced the multiple tectonic events at the Late Ordovician Caledonian(452 Ma),Late Triassic(215 Ma),Late Jurassic(165160 Ma),End-Early Cretaceous(110100 Ma)and Cenozoic(since 40 Ma).A large-scale tectonothermal event occurred at the End-Early Cretaceous(110100 Ma),which was controlled by lithospheric extension,destruction and *** event led to the highest paleo-temperatures and thermal maturities and coeval with the peak period of petroleum generation and *** southern Ordos Basin has undergone rapid and large-scale uplift since the Late Cretaceous due to expansion of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau,uplift of the Qinling orogenic belt and thrust faulting in the Liupanshan tectonic *** southern Ordos Basin experienced tectonic overprinting that was strong in the south and weak in the *** str

关键词： Fission-track dating Vitrinitereflectance Geothermal field Tectono-thermal evolution Petroleum geology Ordos Basin

Progress and prospects of EOR technology in deep,massive sandstone reservoirs with a strong bottom-water drive

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 249-255页

作者： Haiying Liao Ting Xu Hongmin Yu SINOPEC exploration&production Research Institute Beijing100083China

The Triassic massive sandstone reservoir in the Tahe oilfield has a strong bottom-water drive and is characterized by great burial depth,high temperature and salinity,a thin pay zone,and strong *** present,the water-cut is high in each block within the reservoir;some wells are at an ultrahigh water-cut stage.A lack of effective measures to control water-cut rise and stabilize oil production have necessitated the application of enhanced oil recovery(EOR)*** paper investigates the development and technological advances for oil reservoirs with strong edge/bottom-water drive globally,and compares their application to reservoirs with characteristics similar to the Tahe *** the technological advances,gas injection from the top and along the direction of structural dip has been used to optimize the flow field in a typical bottom-water drive ***-water coning is restrained by gas injection-assisted water *** addition,increasing the lateral driving pressure differential improves the plane sweep efficiency which enhances oil recovery in *** injection technology in combination with technological measures like channeling prevention and blocking,and water plugging and profile control,can achieve better results in reservoir *** flooding tests in the Tahe oilfield are of great significance to identifying which EOR technology is the most effective and has the potential of large-scale application for improving development of deep reservoirs with a strong bottomwater drive.

关键词： Edge water Bottom water Water coning Massive reservoir Water injection gas injection

Screening and field application of microbial-flooding activator systems

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第2期5卷 14-20页

作者： Xiutian Yao Lipeng Gai Yun Feng Runlin Zhao Yang Gao Yucui Zhang Chuanzhi Cui Jun Ma Zhongwei Wu Gudao oil production Plant Sinopec Shengli Oilfield BranchDongyingShandong257231China Sinopec Shengli oilfield branch Petroleum Engineering Technology Research InstituteDongyingShandong257000China School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum(East China)QingdaoShandong266580China Hubei Key Laboratory of Drilling and production Engineering for oil and gas Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China

This study aims to further enhance the oil recovery of reservoirs in the Zhong-2 Block of the Gudao oilfield by identifying the most effective microbial-flooding activator systems and applying them in the *** began by analyzing the structure of the reservoirs'endogenous microbial communities to understand the potential impact of microbial *** was followed by determining commonly used activator systems based on their abilities to stimulate oil-displacement functional *** laboratory experiments on oil displacement efficiency and sweep characteristics,we determined the optimal activator injection method(injection ratio)and the requisite bacterial concentration for maximal microbial-flooding ***,we selected the optimal activator systems and applied them to field *** findings suggest the target block is highly receptive to *** terms of performance,the activator systems ranked as No.3>No.4>No.1>***,a deep activator system,when compared to the top-performing No.3 system,exhibited a higher bacterial concentration peak and longer peaking *** oil displacement effects were observed at a 1:4 vol ratio between the No.3 activator and deep activator systems,with bacterial concentrations of up to 106 cells/mL or *** tests with the selected activator systems,following a specific injection protocol,demonstrated a notable increase in oil production and a reduction in water cut.

关键词： Zhong-2 Block of Gudao oilfield Microbial flooding Laboratory experiment Screening of activator system Field application