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Onchocerca volvulus as a risk factor for developing epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic regions in the Democratic Republic of Congo:a case control study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 781-786页

作者： Michel Mandro Patrick Suykerbuyk Floribert Tepage Degratias Rossy Francoise Ngave Mirza Nazmul Hasan An Hotterbeekx Germain Mambandu Jean Marie Kashama Anne Laudisoit Robert Colebunders Provincial Health Division of Ituri Ministry of HealthBuniaDemocratic Republic of Congo Global Health Institute University of AntwerpAntwerpBelgium Ministry of Health ButaDemocratic Republic of Congo Programme national de lutte contre l’onchocercose KisanganiDemocratic Republic of Congo Centre de Recherche en Maladies Tropicales de l’Ituri RethyDemocratic Republic of Congo University of Hasselt Campus DiepenbeekHasseltBelgium office of the governor of tshopo KisanganiDemocratic Republic of Congo Neuropsychopathologic Centre of Mont Amba(CNPP) University of KinshasaKinshasaDemocratic Republic of Congo EcoHealth Alliance New YorkUSA

Background:A high prevalence of epilepsy has been observed in onchocerciasis endemic areas in the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC).With this study we aimed to investigate whether Onchocerca volvulus infection is a risk factor for developing epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic regions in the ***:Between October and December 2015,a multi-centre case control study was performed in onchocerciasis endemic health zones(HZ)in the DRC:one study site was situated in tshopo Province in the HZ of Wanierukula(village of Salambongo)where there had been 13 annual community distributions of treatment with ivermectin(CDTI),a second was situated in Ituri Province in the HZ of Logo(village of Draju)where ivermectin had never been distributed and in the HZ of Rethy(village of Rassia)where there had been THREE CDTI annual campaigns before the *** with unprovoked convulsive epilepsy of unknown etiology were enrolled as cases(n=175).Randomly selected healthy members of families without epilepsy cases from the same village and age-groups and were recruited as controls(n=170).Results:Onchocerciasis associated symptoms(e.g.,itching and abnormal skin)were more often present in cases compared to controls(respectively,OR=2.63,95%CI:1.63-4.23,P<0.0001 and OR=3.23,95%CI:1.48-7.09,P=0.0034).A higher number of cases was found to present with microfilariae in skin snips and with *** IgG4 antibodies in the blood compared to ***,the microfilariae load in skin snips was 3-10 times higher in cases than ***:This case control study confirms that *** is a risk factor for developing epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic regions in the DRC.

关键词： Onchocerciasis Epilepsy Case control study Risk factors Democratic Republic of Congo

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MODIFICATION OF STEAM GENERATOR SYSTEM TO PREVENT OVERHEATING TUBE RAPTURE ACCIDENTS AT MONJU

MODIFICATION OF STEAM GENERATOR SYSTEM TO PREVENT OVERHEATIN...

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第十八届国际反应堆结构力学大会

作者： Makoto Matsuura Makinori Ikeda Maintenance Engineering Section MONJU Construction Office Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute （JNC） Maintenance Engineering Section MONJU Construction Office Japan Nuclear Cycle Development Institute （JNC）

＜正＞ 1 INTRODUCTION MONJU is a prototype fast breeder reactor （FBR） with 280 MW electric capacity in Japan. It uses plutonium oxide fuel and liquid sodium coolant. The construction started in 1985 and the reactor achieved criticality in 1994. However in 1995, MONJU was faced with a sodium leak accident on the secondary cooling loop. The reactor has been shut down up to now. But in recent days, the modification plan, which would solve technical and social problems and enable to restart the reactor, was licensed by the regulatory authorities and also approved by the local governor in February of 2005.

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APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLE OF "PREVENTION IN PREFERENCE TO TREATMENT OF DISEASES" IN ACUPUNCTURE-MOXIBUSTION CLINIC

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World Journal of Acupuncture-Moxibustion 2004年第3期14卷 52-57页

作者：王茎 Dean 's office of Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hefei 230038 Chinan the present paper the author reviews the viewpoint of "preventive treatment of diseases" in the ancient literature of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its clinical application from (1)prevention first before the occurrence of diseases and (2) preventing development after onset of diseases. In the preventive treatment of diseases the ancient Chinese doctors usually (1) regulated qi of both Conception Vessel and Governor Vessel for health care (2) performed regular moxibustion and (3) applied plaster to the acupoint in summer for treating winter-diseases. In the treatment of diseases after onset the ancient Chinese usually (1) tried best to make early diagnosis and early treatment and (2) strengthened the related internal organ in advance to check their development and (3) employed appropriate remedies to recuperate the patient's health.

In the present paper the author reviews the viewpoint of 'preventive treatment of diseases' in the ancient literature of traditional Chinese medicine (TCN) and its clinical application from (1) prevention first before the occurrence of diseases; and (2) preventing development after onset of diseases. In the preventive treatment of diseases, the ancient Chinese doctors usually (1) regulated qi of both Conception Vessel and governor Vessel for health care; (2) performed regular moxibustion; and (3) applied plaster to the acupoint in summer for treating winter-diseases. In the treatment of diseases after onset, the ancient Chinese usually (1) tried best to make early diagnosis and early treatment; and (2) strengthened the related internal organ in advance to check their development; and (3) employed appropriate remedies to recuperate the patient's health.

关键词： Preventive treatment of diseases Acupuncture and moxibustion Preventing development of diseases

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