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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2019年第3期7卷 468-474页

作者： Robert Kennedy SMITH U.S. Department of energy Office of Fossil Energy

Several factors have led to the decline of electricity generation from coal over the past decade, and projections forecast high rates of growth for wind and solar technologies in coming years. This analysis uses hourly generation data from large coal-fired power stations to determine how operations have been modified in recent years and describes the implications of these changes for plant equipment and unit reliability. The data shows increasing variability in intraday generation output that affects nearly all of the units in the sample, but the magnitude of increase varies widely among plants. Outage patterns were examined as was the relationship between renewable energy growth in a region and the changes in coal plant operations. Aggregate direct and indirect costs associated with running coal plants as load-following units have not yet been quantified in large-scale studies on a sector-wide basis, largely due to differences in how specific equipment responds to output fluctuations. Due to findings from the hourly generation data analysis and the high degree of potential impact on coal plant equipment, the study suggests the development of a new modeling tool that will represent the costs of running coal-fired power plants at lower capacity factors.

关键词： Coal generation Emission intensity Baseload power Capacity factor

Evolving carbon dioxide emission rate intensities of coal-fired power plant on U.S. electricity operating systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean energy 2018年第6期6卷 1103-1112页

作者： Robert Kennedy SMITH U.S. Department of energy Office of Fossil Energy

For many years, coal-fired power plant generation comprised the largest share of electricity in the *** sector. While natural gas plants now constitute a greater portion of the total, coal is projected to remain a shrinking but significant component of U.S. electricity production. Natural gas-fired technologies are dispatchable and versatile generation sources, but the recent and anticipated growth of wind and solar technologies will add nondispatchable, intermittent power generation sources to *** grids. Numerous emissions-related benefits arise from the deployment of these technologies, but they must coexist with coal plants, many of which run most efficiently under baseload operating procedures. Historical monthly emissions data has been analyzed on a sample of coal plants to show how modified coal operations have affected plant emission rates, as measured by carbon dioxide emitted per unit of electricity output. Statistically significant correlations between plant capacity factors and emission rate intensity have been observed by the majority of the sample, showing a worsening under more sporadic operations. Since nearly all of the coal plants in the sample are generating less electricity, determining the emission impact of operational decisions will assist policymakers as they seek to minimize total system emissions without severe disruptions to electricity cost and service reliability.

关键词： Coal Emission intensity Renewable generation Baseload power generation

Lithium Resources in Brine of China's Sea Salt Field Operations

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第2期90卷 767-768页

作者： LI Xiaoguang HOU Lisheng LI Zhidan JIN Ruoshi LI Ying RAN Shuming Laboratory of Non-fossil energy Minerals Tianjin Center of China Geological Survey

Objective With the rapid development of mobile power and electronic vehicles, the application of lithium is in the ascendant, and the contradiction between its supply and demand is prominent.

关键词： lithium contradiction carbonate processed producing saturated Tianjin extracting magnesium operations

Beneficiation of coal using supercritical water and carbon dioxide extraction:sulfur removal

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2021年第4期8卷 717-726页

作者： Matthew J.DeCuir Ram B.Gupta Bhima Sastri Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering Virginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23284-3068USA office of fossil energy U.S.Department of Energy19901 Germantown RoadGermantownMD 20874-1290USA

This work explores the use of carbon dioxide,water,and their mixtures as solvent for the precombustion beneficiation of raw coal without using any toxic mineral acids in the temperature range of 200-400℃.The fluid polarity,ionic constant,and supercritical point can be adjusted by H_(2)O/CO_(2)ratio and *** carbon dioxide to hydrothermal fluid also increases the ionization by forming carbonic *** with supercritical fluids have several benefits including enhanced mass transport,ease of separation and recycle,wide range of extractive capability and tunability,better inherent safety,and in the case of carbon dioxide and water-low cost.A semi-continuous extraction system was designed and built in which pressure,temperature and the relative flow rates of CO_(2)and H_(2)O can be *** powder is kept in a packed bed and the extraction is carried out at 143 bar *** sulfur as a model heteroatom,extractive efficiency is examined as a function of the temperature,fluid composition,fluid flow,and extraction *** results indicate that carbon dioxide,water,and supercritical water-carbon dioxide(ScWC)all can effectively extract about 50%of total sulfur from bituminous coal in 1 *** above 350℃decreased effectiveness,and extraction above the supercritical point of pure water caused hydrothermal *** extraction may provide necessary control to prevent organic dissolution while removing sulfur.

关键词： Coal Supercritical Sulfur Beneficiation Cleaning Extraction

Study on the in situ desulfurization and viscosity reduction of heavy oil over MoO_(3)–ZrO_(2)/HZSM-5 catalyst

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Petroleum Science 2023年第6期20卷 3887-3896页

作者： Rui-Qi Liu Li-Qiang Zhang Hui-Da Pan Yi-Ya Wang Jin-Yu Li Xin-Wei Wang Zheng-Da Yang Xin-Lu Han Ri-Yi Lin College of New energy Qingdao Engineering Research Center of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Fossil EnergyChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao266580ShandongChina

Heavy oil is characterized by high *** viscosity makes it challenging to recover and ***-5,MoO_(3)/HZSM-5,ZrO_(2)/HZSM-5 and MoO_(3)–ZrO_(2)/HZSM-5 catalysts were developed to promote in situ desulfurization and viscosity reduction of heavy *** physical and chemical properties of catalysts were characterized by XPS,XRD,TEM,NH3-TPD,*** effects of temperature,catalyst type and addition amount on viscosity and composition of heavy oil were *** results showed that the presence of MoO_(3)–ZrO_(2)/HZSM-5 nanoparticles during aquathermolysis could improve the oil quality by reducing the heavy *** reduced viscosity by 82.56%after the reaction at 280℃ and catalyst addition of 1 wt%.The contents of resins and asphaltic in the oil samples were 5.69%lower than that in the crude *** content decreased from 1.45%to 1.03%.The concentration of H2S produced by the reaction was 2225 *** contents of sulfur-containing functional groups sulfoxide and sulfone sulfur in the oil samples decreased by 19.92%after the catalytic *** content of stable thiophene sulfur increased by 5.71%.This study provided a basis for understanding the mechanism of heavy oil desulfurization and viscosity reduction.

关键词： Heavy oil Hydrothermal cracking MoO_(3)-ZrO_(2)/HZSM-5 catalyst Desulfurization Viscosity reduction

Effect of heat treatment on the microstructure of a Ni–Fe based superalloy for advanced ultra-supercritical power plant applications

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第2期26卷 204-209页

作者： Xinbao Zhao Yingying Dang Hongfei Yin Jintao Lu Yong Yuan Zhen Yang Jingbo Yan Yuefeng Gu Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. National Energy R&D Center of Clean and High-Efficiency Fossil-Fired Power Generation Technology

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructure and microhardness of a Ni–Fe based superalloy for700 °C advanced ultra-supercritical coalfi red power plants was investigated. Results showed that the main phases in the alloy were γ, γ′, MC and M23C6, and no harmful phase was observed in the alloy.M23C6-type carbides discretely distributed nearby grain boundaries as the alloy was aged at above840 °C. The microhardness decreased with increasing aging temperature. The coarsening of γ′ led to the increment of microhardness at 780 °C and 810 °C for a short aging time, and a signi fi cant decrease in microhardness after aging at 840 °C. The aging temperature had more signi fi cant role on the microstructure than holding time. Therefore, to obtain optimum strengthening effect for this alloy, the aging temperature should not exceed 810 °C.

关键词： Ultra-supercritical power plant Ni – Fe based superalloy Heat treatment Microstructure Microhardness

A case study of digital-twin-modelling analysis on power-plant-performance optimizations

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Clean energy 2019年第3期3卷 227-234页

作者： Bin Xu June Wang Xinping Wang Zhihong Liang Liming Cui Xiao Liu Anthony Y.Ku China energy National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon energy Future Science CityChangping DistrictBeijingChina China energy Qinhuangdao Power Generation Co.Ltd Qinhuangdao City Hebei ProvinceChina China energy fossil Fuel Power Generation Operation Management Center FuchengmenBeijingChina

China energy’s National Institute of Clean-and-Low-Carbon energy(NICE)is developing a Power Plant Smart Management(PPSM)platform that employs digital-twin technology to undertake techno-economic modelling analysis on China energy’s existing coal-fired power-plant units and explore cost-effective solutions to improve those plant units’thermal efficiencies and operating *** paper presents a case study of PPSM on a 320-MWe coal-fired thermal power-plant unit,demonstrating how the digital-twin technology was employed to explore and analyse optimization *** optimization solutions and their cost-effectiveness were assessed using the digital-twin-modelling analysis;the results indicated the optimization solutions are expected to improve the plant unit’s operating efficiency and reduce its current electricity-generation coal consumption by up to 3.5 g/kWh standard coal equivalent(sce),worth annual fuel-cost savings of approximately 4 million RMB for a single unit or 8 million RMB for the two identical 320-MWe units that the power plant currently *** digital twin was also employed to assess the power-plant unit’s operating economics during both summer and *** summer,when the unit operates in electricity-generation-only mode,the unit’s operating thermal efficiency could drop by up to 6%points following the grid demand of load changes from 100%maximum continuous rating(MCR)down to 30% MCR,resulting in an~45 RMB/MWh increase of electricity-generation *** winter,when the unit operates in combined heat and power(CHP)cogeneration mode,for the same boiler load,the CHP operation increases the plant unit’s operating profit with increasing district-heating duty,although the relative profit gain from the CHP cogeneration could start to decrease when the district-heating steam-extraction flow increases to a certain point that varies depending on the market prices of heat and electricity,while the fuel cost was found to be equivalent to~50% o

关键词： thermal power plant smart management digital twin modelling simulation performance optimization

Research Program of Determination of Geological Age by Thermal Analysis Method

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Journal of Earth Science 2013年第4期24卷 657-662页

作者：杨铜锁辛督强王团部王登武史永谦李义国 Department of Basic Courses of Xijing College Reactor Engineering Research and Design office of China Institute of Atomic energy

On the basis of previous research achievements of measuring the solid state nuclear track in apatite by thermal analysis method, the author further proposes the research program to measure the energy deposited by the solid state nuclear track contained in zircon, sphene, epidote, apatite and other samples, in order to study the geological age and geothermal history. Compared with the measurement of nuclear track density by etching method, this one does not need to conduct so many processing programs for samples, but can improve the measurement accuracy.

关键词： solid state nuclear track detector thermal analysis geological age annealing heat.

Engineering fronts in fields of energy and Electrical Science and Technologies in the report of Engineering Fronts 2022

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Frontiers in energy 2023年第1期17卷 5-8页

作者： Yonglin JU Ruiqin LIU Lingxiao FU Editorial office of Frontiers in energy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE)released the Engineering Fronts 2022 on December 15,2022[1].Over 90 engineering research fronts and 90 engineering development fronts,including 3 engineering research fronts and 3 engineering development fronts in the fields of energy and Electrical Science and Technologies were selected by the Engineering Fronts 2022,which summarized the new trends and characteristics of engineering innovation in this discipline worldwide,and was an important guide for the future development of energy and Electrical Science and *** Fronts 2022 also provided a reference for the topic selection of Frontiers in energy,one of the engineering journals of the CAE(Transactions of CAE).

关键词： summarized engineering discipline

Engineering Fronts 2023 announced engineering fronts in fields of energy and Electrical Science and Technology

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Frontiers in energy 2024年第1期18卷 4-7页

作者： Ruiqin LIU Liang YIN Lingxiao FU Editorial office of Frontiers in energy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

1 Introduction An engineering front refers to important directions that have a significant impact on and lead the future innovation of engineering science and *** is characterized by its forward looking,leading,and exploratory *** 2017,the Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE)has annually organized a project known as“Global Engineering Fronts,”identifying and releasing engineering research fronts and engineering development fronts,tracking the trends in engineering science and technology,and actively guiding the academic development and promoting innovation in engineering science and technology.

关键词： technology. annually looking