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Beak Measurements of Octopus (Octopus variabilis) in Jiaozhou Bay and Their Use in Size and Biomass Estimation

Journal of Ocean University of China 2013年第3期12卷 469-476页

作者： XUE Ying REN Yiping MENG Wenrong LI Long MAO Xia HAN Dongyan MA Qiuyun Fisheries College Ocean University of China oceanic and fishery administration of lianyun district Nantong Station Regional Bureau of East China Sea Fishery ManagementMinistry of Agriculture of China

Cephalopods play key roles in global marine ecosystems as both predators and *** estimation of original size and weight of cephalopod from beak measurements is a powerful tool of interrogating the feeding ecology of predators at higher trophic *** this study,regressive relationships among beak measurements and body length and weight were determined for an octopus species(Octopus variabilis),an important endemic cephalopod species in the northwest Pacific Ocean.A total of 193 individuals(63 males and 130 females) were collected at a monthly interval from Jiaozhou Bay,*** relationships among 6 beak measurements(upper hood length,UHL;upper crest length,UCL;lower hood length,LHL;lower crest length,LCL;and upper and lower beak weights) and mantle length(ML),total length(TL) and body weight(W) were *** showed that the relationships between beak size and TL and beak size and ML were linearly regressive,while those between beak size and W fitted a power function *** and UCL were the most useful measurements for estimating the size and biomass of *** relationships among beak measurements and body length(either ML or TL) were not significantly different between two sexes;while those among several beak measurements(UHL,LHL and LBW) and body weight(W) were sexually *** male individuals of this species have a slightly greater body weight distribution than female individuals,the body weight was not an appropriate measurement for estimating size and biomass,especially when the sex of individuals in the stomachs of predators was *** relationships provided essential information for future use in size and biomass estimation of ***,as well as the estimation of predator/prey size ratios in the diet of top predators.

关键词： Octopus variabilis Jiaozhou Bay beak measurement body size hood length crest length

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Mechanical Stress Induces Neuroendocrine and Immune Responses of Sea Cucumber(Apostichopus japonicus)

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2015年第2期14卷 350-356页

作者： TAN Jie LI Fenghui SUN Huiling GAO Fei YAN Jingping Gai Chunlei Chen Aihua WANG Qingyin College of Marine Life Sciences Ocean University of China College of Fisheries and Life Science Shanghai Ocean University Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Key Laboratory of Mariculture Disease Treatment Provincial Mariculture Institute of Shandong Municipal oceanic and fishery administration of Rushan

Grading procedure in routine sea cucumber hatchery production is thought to affect juvenile sea cucumber immunologi- cal response. The present study investigated the impact of a 3-min mechanical perturbation mimicking the grading procedure on neuroendocrine and immune parameters of the sea cucumber Apostichopusjaponicus. During the application of stress, concentrations of noradrenaline and dopamine in coelomic fluid increased significantly, indicating that the mechanical perturbation resulted in a transient state of stress in sea cucumbers. Coelomocytes concentration in coelomic fluid increased transiently after the beginning of stressing, and reached the maximum in 1 h. Whereas, coelomocytes phagocytosis at 3 min, superoxide anion production from 3 min to 0.5 h, acid phosphatase activity at 0.5 h, and phenoloxidase activity from 3 min to 0.5 h were all significantly down-regulated. All of the immune parameters recovered to baseline levels after the experiment was conducted for 8 h, and an immunostimulation occurred after the stress considering the phagocytosis and acid phosphatase activity. The results suggested that, as in other marine invertebrates, neuroendocrine/immnne connections exist in sea cucumber A. japonicus. Mechanical stress can elicit a profound influence on sea cucumber neuroendocrine system. Neuroendocrine messengers act in turn to modulate the immunity fimctions. Therefore, these ef- fects should be considered for developing better husbandry procedures.

关键词： Apostichopusjaponicus mechanical stress neuroendocrine immune response

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