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Three dimensional velocity model and its tectonic implications at China Seismic Experimental Site,eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2268-2290页

作者： Jianping WU Yan CAI Wei WANG Weilai WANG Changzai WANG Lihua FANG Yaning LIU Jing LIU Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China beijing Baijiatuan Earth Science National observation and research station Beijing 1095China beijing Earthquake Agency Beijing 100080China

The China Seismic Experimental Site(CSES)is located at the intersection of the Tibetan Plateau,South China Block,and Indian Plate and has complex geological settings and intense crustal deformation,making it one of the most seismically active areas in Chinese mainland.A high-resolution,three-dimensional(3D)crust-mantle velocity structure is crucial for understanding seismotectonic environments,lithospheric deformation mechanisms,and deep dynamic *** first constructed a high-vertical-resolution 3D initial velocity model using the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface waves and then obtained a 3D P-and S-wave velocity model(CSES-VM1.0)with the highest lateral resolution of 0.25°for the CSES using double-difference *** to the limitations of the Sn observation data,the resolution of the S-wave velocity model in the lower crust and upper mantle was reduced,making it closer to the initial model provided by joint inversion.A comparison with explosive-source seismic data showed that the synthetic P-wave first-arrival travel times of the new model were closer to the observations than those of the previous velocity *** velocity cross-sections across the source areas of the 2022 Lushan MS6.1 and Ludian MS6.8 earthquakes reveal that the former earthquake occurred near a weak contact zone between the Tibetan Plateau and Sichuan Basin,and the rupture of the latter earthquake occurred in a granitic area,with the northern end blocked by rigid high-velocity bodies.A clear high-velocity anomaly zone is distributed along the western margin of the Yangtze Block,revealing the spatial distribution of Neoproterozoic intermediate-basic *** high-velocity zone significantly controls the morphology of fault zones and influences the rupture processes of major *** northeast-southwest and north-south trending high-velocity anomalies were found near Panzhihua,potentially related to Neoproterozoic and Middle-Late Permian intermediate

关键词： Eastern Tibetan Plateau China Seismic Experimental Site Yangtze Block Velocity model Double-difference tomography

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Seismogenic Structure of the 1605 Qiongshan M7½ Earthquake and Its Holocene Activity History in Northern Hainan Island, China: Evidence from Cross-Section Drilling and Shallow Seismic Profile

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第3期35卷 905-917页

作者： Chaoqun Wang Liyun Jia Daogong Hu Shibiao Bai Zhengwang Hu Dongxia Sun Xiaoxiao Yang Lei Zhang Xiumin Ma Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Active Tectonics and Geological Safety Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention of Hilly Mountains Ministry of Land and Resources(Fujian Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention)Fuzhou 350002China observation and research station of crustal stress and strain in beijing Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100081China College of Marine Science and Engineering Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory School of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The 1605 M7½ Earthquake is the only earthquake in the history of China that has caused large-scale land subsidence into the sea,with the total area of land subsidence exceeding 100 *** disaster has led to the sinking of 72 *** is still no clear understanding of the source seismogenic fault of this *** this work,we conducted a detailed study of the middle segment of the Maniao-Puqian fault(MPF),which is the epicenter area,through geomorphological survey,data collection,shallow seismic exploration,cross-section drilling,and chronological *** results showed that the middle segment of the MPF zone is composed of three nearly parallel normal faults with a dextral strike-slip:“Macun-Luodou fault(F2-1),Haixiu-Dongyuan fault(F2-2),and ChangliuZhuxihe fault(F2-3)”.And F2-2 is composed of two secondary faults,namely F2-2′and F2-2″,with a flower-shaped structure buried under the *** is distributed nearly east-west,dipping to the north and has experienced at least five stages of activities since the *** vertical activity rates of F2-2′and F2-2″are~2.32 and~2.5 mm/a,since the Holocene,*** were eight cycles of transgression and regression since the *** fault activity resulted in the thickening of the Holocene strata with a slight dip to the south,on the hanging wall,showing V-shaped *** MPF is likely the source seismogenic fault of the M7½ earthquake that hit Qiongshan in 1605.

关键词： seismogenic structure earthquakes Maniao-Puqian fault fault activity history geomorphology.

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Three-Dimensional Density Distribution and Seismic Activity along the Guxiang–Tongmai Segment of the Jiali Fault,Tibet

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第2期98卷 454-467页

作者： FAN Pengxiao YU Changqing WANG Ruixue ZENG Xiangzhi QU Chen ZHANG Yue Institute of Land and Resources Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650000China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Jiangsu Donghai Continental Deep Hole crustal Activity National Observation and Research StationLianyungangJiangsu 222000China

The Guxiang-Tongmai segment of the Jiali fault is situated northeast of the Namche Barwa Syntaxis in northeastern *** is one of the most active strike-slip faults near the syntaxis and plays a pivotal role in the examination of seismic activity within the eastern Himalayan *** study in the research region has yielded a 1:200000 gravity dataset covering an area 1500 km^(2).Using wavelet transform multiscale decomposition,scratch analysis techniques,and 3D gravity inversion methods,gravity anomalies,fault distributions,and density structures were determined across various *** the integration of our new gravity data with other geophysical and geological information,our findings demonstrate substantial variations in the overall crustal density within the region,with the fault distribution closely linked to these density *** in stratigraphic density are important causes of variations in the capacity of geological formations to endure regional tectonic *** are predominantly concentrated within the density transition zone and are primarily situated in regions of elevated *** hanging wall stress within the Guxiang-Tongmai segment of the Jiali fault exhibits a notable concentration,marked by pronounced anisotropy,and is positioned within the density differential zone,which is prone to earthquakes.

关键词： seismicity deep-density structure wavelet transform multi-scale decomposition scratch analysis 3D gravity inversion Jiali fault Tibet

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Lithospheric strength of the Anatolian plateau and implications for strong earthquake activity in Turkey

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 209-218页

作者： Yuhang Pan Shi Chen Wen Shi Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China beijing Baijiatuan Earth Science National observation and research station Beijing 100095China

On February 6, 2023, the doublet earthquake including two main shocks with magnitudes M_(W)7.8 and M_(W)7.5, occurred near the western side of the East Anatolian Fault at the southeast boundary of the Anatolian Plateau in Turkey. Based on the WGM2012 Bouguer gravity anomaly data and the Etopo1topography data, this study first introduced a joint inversion of admittance and coherence functions and used the Bayesian optimal parameter estimation method to obtain the effective elastic thickness Teand loading ratio F of the lithosphere for various tectonic units in the Anatolian Plateau. Secondly, we discussed the characteristics and influencing factors of the lithospheric mechanical strength and analyzed its relationship with seismic activity. The lithospheric mechanical strength of the Anatolian Plateau showed clear lateral heterogeneity and a "weak-strong-weak" spatial pattern from east to west,reflecting various tectonic processes. At last, the strong seismic activity was found where the lithospheric strength was low in the Anatolian Plate. We also incorporated GPS strain rate and other results to investigate the tectonic background and primary causes of the M_(W)7.8 and M_(W)7.5 doublet earthquakes in Turkey. The results have a good insight into urban safety design in the Turkish region, including postdisaster rehabilitation, earthquake hazard assessment, and loss reduction.

关键词： Effective elastic thickness Anatolian plateau Turkey doublet earthquakes Bayesian optimization

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Present-day Upper-crustal strain Rate Field in Southeastern Tibet and its Geodynamic Implications:Constraints from GPS Measurements with ABIC Method

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 265-275页

作者： YANG Shaohua PAN Jiawei LI Haibing SHI Yaolin Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Jiangsu Donghai Continental Deep Hole crustal Activity National observation and research station DonghaiJiangsu 222300China Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics College of Earth and Planetary SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The Earth’s surface kinematics and deformation are fundamental to understanding crustal *** effective research approach is to estimate regional motion field and deformation fields based on modern geodetic *** the discrete observed velocity field is obtained,the velocity related fields,such as dilatation rate and maximum shear strain rate,can be estimated by applying varied mathematical *** study applied Akaike's Bayesian Information Criterion(ABIC)method to calculate strain rate fields constrained by GPS observations in the southeast Tibetan *** with results derived from other three methods revealed that our ABIC-derived strain rate fields were more *** maximum shear strain rate highlighted the Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault system as the main boundary for the outward migration of material in southeastern Tibet,indicating rotation of eastern Tibet material around the eastern Himalaya rather than whole extrusion along a fixed ***,distinct dilatation rate patterns in the northeast and southwest regions of the fault system were *** northeast region,represented by the Longmenshan area,exhibited negative dilatational anomalies;while the southwest region,represented by the Jinsha River area north of 29°N,displayed positive dilatational *** indicates compression in the former and extension in the *** with deep geophysical observations,we believe that the upper and lower crusts of the Jinsha River area north of 29°N are in an entire expanding state,probably caused by the escape-drag effect of *** presence of a large,low-viscosity region south of 29°N may not enable the entire escape of the crust,but instead result in a differential escape of the lower crust faster than the upper crust.

关键词： strain rate differential escape ABIC GPS southeastern Tibet

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Mantle Driven Early Eocene Magmatic Flare-up of the Gangdese Arc, Tibet: A Case Study on the Nymo Intrusive Complex

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第4期98卷 878-903页

作者： MA Xuxuan Joseph GMEERT CAO Wenrong TIAN Zuolin LIU Dongliang XIONG Fahui LI Haibing Key Laboratory of Continental Tectonics and Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Jiangsu Donghai Continental Deep Borehole crustal Activity National observation and research station DonghaiJiangsu 222300China Department of Geological Sciences Neil Opdyke Paleomagnetic LaboratoryUniversity of Florida241 Williamson HallGainesvilleFL 32611USA Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering University of NevadaRenoMS-1721664 N.Virginia St.RenoNV 89557USA

Magmatic periodicity is recognized in continental arcs worldwide, but the mechanism responsible for punctuated arc magmatism is controversial. Continental arcs in the Trans-Himalayan orogenic system display episodic magmatism and the most voluminous flare-up in this system was in early Eocene during the transition from subduction to collision. The close association of the flare-up with collision is intriguing. Our study employs zircon Lu-Hf and bulk rock Sr-Nd isotopes, along with mineral geochemistry, to track the melt sources of the Nymo intrusive complex and the role of mantle magma during the early Eocene flare-up of the Gangdese arc, Tibet. The Nymo intrusive complex is composed of gabbronorite, diorite, quartz diorite, and granodiorite which define an arc-related calc-alkaline suite. Zircon U-Pb ages reveal that the complex was emplaced between ~50–47 Ma. Zircon Hf isotopes yield εHf(t) values of 8.2–13.1, while whole-rock Sr and Nd isotopes yield εNd(t) values of 2.7–6.5 indicative of magmatism dominated by melting of a juvenile mantle source with only minor crustal assimilation(~15%–25%) as indicated by assimilation and fractional crystallization modeling. Together with published data, the early Eocene magmatic flare-up was likely triggered by slab breakoff of subducted oceanic lithosphere at depths shallower than the overriding plate. The early Eocene magmatic flare-up may have contributed to crustal thickening of the Gangdese arc. This study provides important insights into the magmatic flare-up and its significant role in the generation of large batholiths during the transition from subduction to collision.

关键词： mantle magmatic flare-up subduction–collision transition Nymo intrusive complex Gangdese Tibet

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Origin of soft-sediment deformation structures in Nihewan Basin

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2022年第3期11卷 332-359页

作者： De-Chen Su Ai-Ping Sun Zhao-Li Li Song-Yong Chen Zhen-Jie Wu Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing100037China Jiangsu Donghai Continental Deep Hole crustal Activity National observation and research station China

The Nihewan Basin is a rift basin at the junction of northern Shanxi Province and northwestern Hebei Province in north *** basin is known for its rich paleontological fossils and ancient human *** are also abundant soft-sediment deformation structures(SSDS)in the thick lacustrine ***,most SSDS have been interpreted as ice-edge features or ignored ***,the authors have carried out several field surveys in the Nihewan Basin and found that many SSDS are sandwiched between normal lacustrine strata at multiple *** the excavation pit at the 10th Locality of Maliang Site(ML10),10 horizontal SSDS layers and two vertically developed geological features have been *** on genesis analysis and related criteria,these features are divided into two categories:cryoturbation-triggered SSDS and earthquake-triggered *** them,a special type of ancient ice-wedge pseudomorph(SSDS-8)of ML10 is recognized in the basin for the first *** other 9 horizontal SSDS are mainly caused by earthquake-triggered liquefaction and *** can be further divided into 14 seismic event *** findings indicate that the tectonic activity in the Nihewan Basin is very strong and frequent,and there were cold periods in the geological history of the *** the same time,the SSDS with distinct morphological characteristics and stable horizontal distribution in the basin can be used as an important indicator of stratigraphic correlation.

关键词： Nihewan Basin Soft-sediment deformation structures(SSDS) Paleoearthquake Freezing-and-thawing Ice-wedge Palaeolithic site

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Shallow Structure of the Crust in the Sulu-Dabie Region,China and its Seismotectonic Implication

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2021年第3期95卷 988-995页

作者： XU Jiren LI Haibing QI Xuexiang ZHAO Zhixin Jiangsu Donghai-Sichuan Longmenshan crustal Activity National observation and research station DonghaiJiangsu 222300China Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics Ministry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

The P-wave velocity structure in the shallow crust is investigated in and around the Sulu-Dabie region by using seismic reflection data for deep soundings in 48 survey profiles and from rock velocity *** observed velocity distributions show obvious heterogeneities in this *** low velocity anomalies are observed mainly in the west of the Dabie region and the East Sea *** high velocity anomalies emerge in the shallow crust of the Sulu and Dabie *** high-velocity anomalies can be attributed to the ultra-high pressure metamorphosed(UHPM)rock formed by exhumation motion of mantle materials during the *** high-velocity anomalies in the different shallow layers beneath the Sulu region are located to the northeast of the Tan-Lu *** high-velocity anomalies beneath the Dabie region are located southwest of the Tan-Lu *** a distribution pattern of velocity anomaly zones may reveal historical motion of a left-lateral strike-slip for the Tan-Lu fault,which differs from the result of a right-lateral strike-slip motion regime known from modern seismology,indicating a more complex tectonic motion along the Tan-Lu fault.

关键词： high seismic velocity anomaly shallow crust strike-slip motion Tan-Lu fault Sulu-Dabie orogen

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crustal movement in Chinese mainland observed from 1998 to 1999

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第6期13卷 599-606,717页

作者：顾国华牛红叶郑贵明许永江孟国杰孙世英方颖 Data Center for the crustal Movement observation Network of China Center for Analysis and PredictionChina Seismological BureauBeijing 100036China

In this paper, GPS observations during 1998 to 1999 at fiducial stations in the crustal Movement observation Network of China (CMONOC) and GPS observation data processing with Bernese Software are briefly introduced. The processed results of crustal movement in the network during the period from early September 1998 to early July 1999, including the displacements at each fiducial station and strains in different part of the network, are discussed in detail. During the above mentioned period of observations, the eastern part of China was relatively stable. In contrast, the southwest part of China moved northwards about 17 mm with a dominant compression in NNE; the northwestern part of China moved northwestwards about 11 mm; and the Yunnan area moved southwards about 14 mm. The North-South seismic belt in the middle part of China is a belt of strong shear deformation. The maximum principal strain in the network is 2.9×10-8. The observation result shows that the northward push by the Indian Plate has still played the dominant role in the crystal movement in China.

关键词： crustal movement GPS fiducial station displacement str?

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A Comparison Study of Synkinematic Illite Isolation,Quantitative X-ray Powder Diffraction,and K-Ar Dating for Direct Fault Gouge Analyses

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2023年第2期97卷 636-650页

作者： ZHENG Yong LI Haibing LI Junjie ZHANG Guohe SI Jialiang Key Laboratory of Deep-Earth Dynamics of Ministry of Natural Resources Institute of GeologyChinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Jiangsu Donghai Continental Deep Hole crustal Activity National observation and research station DonghaiJiangsu 222300China beijing research Institute of Uranium Geology Beijing 100029China Military and Civilian Integration Geological Survey Center Chengdu 610000China

K-Ar dating of synkinematic illite is increasingly recognized as a central method to constrain the timing of shallow crustal *** of efficient sample preparation and quantitative identification of illite polytypes are critical to acquiring K-Ar isotope data for authigenic *** this respect,we compared the commonly used clay size separation method through centrifugation with vacuum filtration technology,showing that the former is prone to extract fractions with finer particle sizes under similar conditions,thus improving the error in the authigenic end-member ***,we demonstrated that the side-packed mounting method for X-ray diffraction analysis can significantly enhance the randomness in powder samples,thus improving the quantification accuracy compared with the front-packed and back-packed *** validity of our quantification method was confirmed by comparing Profex■modeling patterns with a suite of synthetic mixtures of known compositions,yielding an average analytical error of 3%.Dating results of these artificial mixtures and the reference materials indicated that a large range in percentages of detrital illite and a sufficient amount of age data will produce reliable results for ages of both extrapolated ***,if the range is limited,the extrapolated age close to those of datasets is still reliable.

关键词： illite polytypes fault gouge clay size separation mounting method Profex■ extrapolated K-Ar age

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