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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1347-1375页

作者： Sadid Al Amaz Birendra Mishra Department of Human nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaAgSci 2161955 East‑West RdHonoluluHI 96822USA

Due to high environmental temperatures and climate change, heat stress is a severe concern for poultry health and production, increasing the propensity for food insecurity. With climate change causing higher temperatures and erratic weather patterns in recent years, poultry are increasingly vulnerable to this environmental stressor. To mitigate heat stress, nutritional, genetic, and managerial strategies have been implemented with some success. However, these strategies did not adequately and sustainably reduce the heat stress. Therefore, it is crucial to take proactive measures to mitigate the effects of heat stress on poultry, ensuring optimal production and promoting poultry well-being. Embryonic thermal manipulation(TM) involves manipulating the embryonic environment's temperature to enhance broilers' thermotolerance and growth performance. One of the most significant benefits of this approach is its cost-effectiveness and saving time associated with traditional management practices. Given its numerous advantages, embryonic TM is a promising strategy for enhancing broiler production and profitability in the poultry industry. TM increases the standard incubation temperature in the mid or late embryonic stage to induce epigenetic thermal adaption and embryonic metabolism. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the available literature and scientific evidence of the beneficial effect of pre-hatch thermal manipulation on broiler health and performance.

关键词： Broiler Embryo Epigenetics Global warming Thermoregulation

Apple polyphenol product， phlorizin or procyanidin B2， alleviates transplanted obese patient fecal microbiota-induced obesity in mice by modulating the gut microbiota and related phages

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Wenhui Li Zunyang Song Xin Xia Xiaoyu Jiang Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse Dapeng Li College of Food Science and Engineering， Shandong Agricultural University， Key Laboratory of Food nutrition and Human health in Universities of Shandong

Apples are popular fruits worldwide and rich in phenolic compounds that can alleviate obesity and related metabolic diseases. However， the mechanisms underlying the anti-obesity actions of apple polyphenols (AP) like phlorizin (PZ) and procyanidin B2 (PB2) on transplanted obese patient fecal microbiota (TOPFM)-induced obesity and related syndromes have not yet been fully examined in vivo. Herein， a commercial AP product， PZ compound or PB2 compound was used to ameliorate TOPFM-induced obesity in mice. The results indicated that the AP， PZ or PB2 supplementation markedly alleviate TOPFM-induced obesity in mice through effectively suppressing body weight gain and fat accumulation， alleviating insulin resistance and liver inflammation， regulating gut microecology and lipid synthesis/metabolism， and improving gut barrier function and antioxidant capacity. The gut barrier function and integrity were improved through regulating the expression of intestinal pro-inflammatory cytokines， TNF-α， IL-1β and IL-6， and gut barrier function-related genes， ZO-1 and Occludin， and raising the GLP-2 level via increasing the contents of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Interestingly， the AP， PZ or PB2 supplementation could significantly improve the production of SCFAs and restore the microbial community structure and diversity in mice with TOPFM-induced obesity， in particular， increased the abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Bifidobacteriaceaca possibly by inhibiting Blautia and Bifidobacterium phages. The influences of AP， PZ or PB2 on gut microorganisms and phases of the mice upon TOPFM were species-specific. This study was the first report on the ability of an AP， PZ or PB2 supplementation to promote the production of SCFAs by modulating gut microbiota possibly via regulating gut phages.

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Spectroscopic Observations of Ten Galactic Wolf–Rayet Stars at Bosscha Observatory:Determination of Stellar Parameters and Mass-loss Rates

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 9-29页

作者： Hakim Luthfi Malasan Bakuh Danang Setyo Budi Department of Astronomy Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Bosscha Observatory Institut Teknologi Bandung Master program in Astronomy Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung

We present optical spectra of 10 Galactic Wolf–Rayet（WR） stars that consist of five WN and five WC stars. The optical observation was conducted using a low-resolution spectrograph NEO-R1000（λ/Δλ1000） at GAO-ITB RTS（27.94 cm, F/10.0）, Bosscha Observatory, Lembang. We implemented stellar atmosphere Postdam Wolf–Rayet（PoWR） grid modeling to derive stellar parameters. The normalized optical spectrum can be used to find the best model from the available PoWR grid, then we could derive stellar temperature and transformation radius. To derive luminosity, stellar radius and color excess, we conducted a Spectral Energy Distribution（SED） analysis with additional data on the near-ultraviolet spectrum from the International Ultraviolet Explorer（IUE） database, and UBV and 2MASS JHK broadband filter data. Additional analysis to derive asymptotic terminal wind velocity was conducted from the P-Cygni profile analysis of the high-resolution IUE ultraviolet spectrum. With previously derived parameters, we could determine the mass loss rate of the WR stars. Furthermore, we compared our results with previous work that used PoWR code and the differences are not more than 20%. We conclude that the PoWR spectral grid is sufficient to derive WR stellar parameters quickly and could provide more accurate initial parameter input to the PoWR program code.

关键词： outflows stars: atmospheres stars: mass-loss stars: massive stars: winds stars: Wolf-Rayet

Excess dietary Lys reduces feed intake, stimulates jejunal CCK secretion and alters essential and non‑essential blood AA profile in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1336-1346页

作者： Maximiliano Muller Elout Van Liefferinge Alan Tilbrook Robert van Barneveld Eugeni Roura Centre for nutrition and Food sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Laboratory of Animal nutrition and Animal Product Quality(LANUPRO) Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University339000 GhentFlandersBelgium Centre for Animal Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and the School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia SunPork Group BrisbaneQueensland 4009Australia

Background Commercial diets are frequently formulated to meet or exceed nutrient levels including those of lim-iting essential amino acids(AA)covering potential individual variations within the ***,the provision of dietary excess of AA,such as Lys,may lead to reduced appetite and growth in *** mechanisms modulat-ing these responses have not been extensively *** study evaluated the effect of Lys dietary excesses on performance and satiety biomarkers in post weaning *** Twenty-four pigs aged 21 d and weighing 6.81±0.12kg(mean±SEM)were individually housed and offered 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 3weeks:a diet containing a standardized ileal digestible Lys reaching 100%(T0),120%(T1),150%(T2)or 200%(T3)of the NRC(2012)*** the end of the experiment,blood samples from the cephalic vein of the T0 and T3 groups were obtained for AA *** addition,primary intestinal cultures from T0 pigs were used,following their humane killing,to evaluate the effect of Lys on gut hormone secretion and AA sensors gene expression under ex vivo *** Feed intake was linearly reduced(P<0.001)and the weight gain to feed ratio reduced(P<0.10)with increased dietary levels of Lys during the third-and first-week post weaning,*** con-centration(P<0.05)and the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and the solute carrier family 7 member 2(P<0.10)gene expression was enhanced in proximal jejunum tissues incubated with Lys at 20mmol/L when compared to the control(Lys 0mmol/L).Plasma Lys and Glu(P<0.05)concentration increased in the T3 compared to T0 *** contrast,plasma levels of His,Val,Thr,Leu(P<0.05)and Gln(P<0.10)were lower in T3 than T0 *** The present results confirm that excess dietary Lys inhibits hunger in ***,the results provide evidence of pre-and post-absorptive mechanisms modulating these *** dietary excesses should be nar-rowed,when possible,to avoid negative effects of

关键词： Amino acid Blood Cholecystokinin Feed intake Lysine Pig Satiety

Urban water system theory and its model development and application

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第3期67卷 704-724页

作者： Jun XIA Yongyong ZHANG Dunxian SHE Shiyan ZHANG Jun YANG Mingquan LV Xiang ZHANG Anqi LUO Shengjun WU Yang LIU Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources&Hydropower Engineering sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Aquatic Eco health Group Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and HealthInstitute of Urban EnvironmentFujian Key Laboratory of Watershed EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

The urban water system theory is an extension of the basin water system science on an urban scale, providing a new systematic solution for the unbalanced human-water relationship and severe water challenges, such as waterlogging, black and odorous water, and ecological degradation caused by urbanization. Most existing studies on urban water systems have focused on individual water cycle processes linked with water supply and sewage treatment plants, but mutual feedback between the water cycle and its associated material circulation and water ecology, as well as human processes, still needs further exploration. In this paper, the concept, theory, and technical methodology of the urban water system were developed based on the water cycle and basin water system science. The Urban Water System 5.0(UWS 5.0) model was developed by integrating the Time Variant Gain rainfall-runoff Model with Urban water system(TVGM_Urban) in different underlying surface conditions for analyzing the natural-social water cycle processes and their associated water environmental and ecological processes and the influence of multiscale sponge measures. Herein, five major simulation functions were realized: rainfall-runoff-nonpoint source pollutant load,water and pollutant transportations through the drainage network system, terminal regulation and purification, socioeconomic water cycle, and water system assessment and regulation. The location for the case study used in this paper was Wuhan City. The findings showed that the entire urban water system should consider the built-up area and its associated rivers and lakes as the research object and explore the integrations among the urban natural-social water cycle and river regulations inside and outside of the city as well as the effects of socioeconomic development and sponge measures on the water quantity-quality-ecology processes. The UWS 5.0 model efficiently simulated the urban rainfall-runoff process, total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphoru

关键词： Urban water system Human-water relationship Water issue Green development Theoretical basis Mathematical model

Alleviatory effect of isoquercetin on benign prostatic hyperplasia via IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1698-1710页

作者： Young-Jin Choi Meiqi Fan Nishala Erandi Wedamulla Yujiao Tang Eun-Kyung Kim Department of Food Science and nutrition Dong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials Brain Busan 21 Plus programDong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Department of health sciences the Graduate School of Dong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Division of Food Bioscience College of Biomedical and Health SciencesKonkuk UniversityChungju 27478Republic of Korea Department of Export Agriculture Faculty of Animal Science and Export AgricultureUva Wellassa UniversityBadulla 90000Sri Lanka School of Bio-Science and Food Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130600China nutritional Education Major Graduate School of EducationDong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Nutrinomics Lab.Co. Ltd.Busan 49315Republic of Korea

We evaluated the effect of isoquercetin(quercetin-O-3-glucoside-quercetin,IQ)as a functional component of Abeliophyllum disistichum Nakai ethanol extract(ADLE)on prostate cell proliferation and apoptosis and its effects on the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Metabolites in ADLE were analyzed using UHPLC-qTOF-MS and *** was orally administered(1 or 10 mg/kg)to a testosterone propionate-induced BPH rat model,and its effects on the prostate weight were *** effect of IQ on androgen receptor(AR)signaling was analyzed in LNCaP *** IGF-1 and IQ affect the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in BPH-1 cells was also *** metabolites in ADLE were identified and quantified,which confirmed that ADLE contained abundant IQ(20.88 mg/g).IQ significantly reduced the prostate size in a concentration-dependent manner in a BPH rat model,and significantly decreased the expression of AR signaling factors in the rat prostate tissue and LNCaP cells in a concentration-dependent *** also inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activated by IGF-1 treatment in BPH-1 *** BPH-1 cells,IQ led to G0/G1 arrest and suppressed the expression of proliferation factors while inducing ***,IQ shows potential for use as a pharmaceutical and nutraceutical for BPH.

关键词： Isoquercetin Benign prostatic hyperplasia Androgen receptor signaling PI3K/Akt/mtor pathway

Integrating multi-omics data of childhood asthma using a deep association model

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Fundamental Research 2024年第4期4卷 738-751页

作者： Kai Wei Fang Qian Yixue Lia Tao Zeng Tao Huang Bio-Med Big Data Center CAS Key Laboratory of Computational BiologyShanghai Institute of Nutrition and HealthUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Guoke Ningbo Life Science and health Industry Research Institute Ningbo 315000China Guangzhou National Laboratory Guangzhou 510000China GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life sciences The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and DiseasesGuangzhou LaboratoryGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Key Laboratory of Systems health Science of Zhejiang Province School of Life ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China

Childhood asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases with rising mortality and *** multi-omics data is providing a new chance to explore collaborative biomarkers and corresponding diagnostic models of childhood *** capture the nonlinear association of multi-omics data and improve interpretability of diagnostic model,we proposed a novel deep association model(DAM)and corresponding efficient analysis ***,the Deep Subspace Reconstruction was used to fuse the omics data and diagnostic information,thereby correcting the distribution of the original omics data and reducing the influence of unnecessary data ***,the Joint Deep Semi-Negative Matrix Factorization was applied to identify different latent sample patterns and extract biomarkers from different omics data ***,our newly proposed Deep Orthogonal Canonical Correlation Analysis can rank features in the collaborative module,which are able to construct the diagnostic model considering nonlinear correlation between different omics data *** DAM,we deeply analyzed the transcriptome and methylation data of childhood *** effectiveness of DAM is verified from the perspectives of algorithm performance and biological significance on the independent test dataset,by ablation experiment and comparison with many baseline methods from clinical and biological *** DAM-induced diagnostic model can achieve a prediction AUC of o.912,which is higher than that of many other alternative ***,relevant pathways and biomarkers of childhood asthma are also recognized to be collectively altered on the gene expression and methylation *** an interpretable machine learning approach,DAM simultaneously considers the non-linear associations among samples and those among biological features,which should help explore interpretative biomarker candidates and efficient diagnostic models from multi-omics data analysis for human complexdiseases.

关键词： Deepsub space reconstruction Deepnon-negative matrix factorization Deepcanonical correlationanalysis Multi-omics Interpretable machine learning Childhood asthma

Prioritizing Strategies for Building the Resilience of Public health Systems to Disasters Across Multiple Communities and Countries

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第1期15卷 1-17页

作者： Benjamin J.Ryan Mayumi Kako Shelby Garner Rok Fink Ismail Tayfur Jonathan Abrahams Sanjaya Bhatia Adriana Campelo Matthew Fendt Alicia Fontenot Nahuel Arenas Garcia Tim Hatch Ryoma Kayano LaShonda Malrey‑Horne Makiko MacDermot Md Moshiur Rahman Chaverle Noel Shuhei Nomura Jeremy P.Novak Maria Opazo Kendell Oliver Luciana Peters Sohel Rahman PerihanŞimşek Andrew Stricklin Raymond Swienton Bryan W.Brooks Frist College of Medicine Belmont UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Department of Environmental Science Environmental Health Science ProgramCollege of Arts and SciencesBaylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Division of Nursing Science School of Biomedical and Health SciencesHiroshima UniversityHiroshima 734-8553Japan Gordon E.Inman College of health sciences and Nursing Belmont UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Faculty of health sciences University of Ljubljana1000 LjubljanaSlovenia Department of Emergency Medicine University of Health Sciences34668 IstanbulTurkey Monash University Accident Research Center MelbourneVIC 3800Australia Global Education and Training Institute United Nations Ofce for Disaster Risk ReductionIncheon 22004Republic of Korea Regional Ofce for the Americas and Caribbean United Nations Ofce for Disaster Risk ReductionPanama City 0843-03441Panama Engineering and Computer Science Baylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Department of Public health Robbins College of Health and Human SciencesBaylor UniversityWacoTX 76798USA Alabama Department of Public health MontgomeryAL 36092USA World health Organization Centre for health Development(WHO Kobe Centre) Kobe 651-0073Japan Waco-McLennan County Public health District WacoTX 76707USA Department of health Policy and Management School of MedicineKeio UniversityTokyo 160-8582Japan Department of Global health Policy Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-0033Japan Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research Tokyo 106-6234Japan Global Development College BrisbaneQLD 4000Australia Municipality of Pudahuel 13124 PudahuelChile City Hall of Porto Alegre Porto Alegre 90010-170Brazil Ministry of health and Family Welfare Government of the People’s Republic of BangladeshDhaka 1000Bangladesh Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management Trabzon University61335 TrabzonTurkey Department of Emergency Medicine UT SouthwesternDallasTX 75390USA

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the urgent need to strengthen public health *** response,the United Nations Disaster Risk Reduction(UNDRR) Public health System Resilience Scorecard(Scorecard) was applied in workshops across multiple *** aim of our research was to explore the workshop findings to develop priority strategies for strengthening public health system *** conducted a workshop from 14 to 16 March 2023,at the UNDRR Global Education and Training Institute in Incheon,Republic of Korea.A sequential modified Delphi method was utilized to develop a set of prioritized resilience *** were drawn from 70 strategies identified from 13 distinct workshops in eight *** two surveys,23 strategies were *** received ratings of "High" or Very High" from89% of *** related to the inclusion of public health risks in emergency plans,integrating multidisciplinary teams into public health,enabling local transport mechanisms,and improving the ability to manage an influx of *** Scorecard provides an adaptable framework to identify and prioritize strategies for strengthening public health system *** leveraging this methodology,our study demonstrated how resilience strategies could inform disaster risk reduction funding,policies,and actions.

关键词： health system resilience Public policy Resilience scorecard Workshops

Oral administration of Lactobacillus kefiri Fanghua reduces immune senescence and aging phenotypes

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Zhenyi Qiao Yilin Zhang Huahua Liu Hong Zou Qinglian Xie Jiashu Liu Huanchang Zhang Taotao Liu Zhenmin Liu Weiwei Qi Hao Wu Chunping You State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology， Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology， Dairy Research Institute， Bright Dairy & Food Co.， Ltd. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology， Zhongshan Hospital， Fudan University CAS Engineering Laboratory for nutrition， Shanghai Institute of nutrition and health， Chinese Academy of sciences Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops， School of Life sciences， Shanghai University

It has been suggested that immune senescence contributes to the aging of solid organs and that blocking immune senescence can alleviate the aging of organs. Aging is a systemic physiological change. It is currently difficult to achieve the goal of long-term delaying aging through drugs. Improving immunity and delaying aging through probiotics is a feasible research direction. Here， we first screened for a strain of Lactobacillus kefiri Fanghua （L. kefiri-FH） derived from Tibetan kefir and confirmed its function in restoring immunosuppression. Spleen weight， thymus weight， and whole blood cells were restored. The expression of PD-1， P16ink4a， and senescence-associated secretory phenotype （SASP）-related genes in the spleen and thymus was decreased. Second， we further confirmed the phenotype of L. kefiri-FH in improving solid organ function in 16-month-old mice as well as prolonging the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Mechanistically， whole genome sequencing and metabolomic analysis indicated that L. kefiri-FH contained three genes related to bile acid metabolism and increased lithocholic acid （LCA） in the intestine. We also confirmed that LCA increased G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor， Gpbar5 （TGR5） gene expression in dendritic cells （DCs） and inhibited the induction of Th1 and Th17 cells. Overall， our findings establish a causal relationship between the intestinal microenvironment， immune senescence， and solid organ aging， suggesting a way to regulate the intestinal microenvironment through diet， which thereby improves immune senescence and subsequently reduces solid organ aging.

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Comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host-microbial interactions

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Ruoyu Wang Yuxin Ma Meng Sun Lutong Li Zhaofeng Zhang Department of nutrition and Food Hygiene， School of Public health， Peking University Department of Social Medicine and health Education， School of Public health， Peking University Beijing's Key Laboratory of Food Safety Toxicology Research and Evaluation

Introduction: Diet intervention， especially supplementation with high-quality protein， is considered to be a critical strategy in sarcopenia. However， different sources and types of protein have different health impacts. Objectives: The aim of this study is to explore the differences in the ameliorative effects and mechanisms of different sources and types of proteins on sarcopenia， providing an optimal path for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Methods: A sarcopenia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone (5 mg/kg). Sixty male C57BL/6 mice (8 months old) were randomly divided into the normal control， sarcopenia， goat whey protein， goat milk casein， bovine whey protein， and bovine milk casein groups. Animals were treated for eight consecutive weeks. Organism-level and molecular phenotypes， 16S rRNA gene sequencing， and untargeted metabolomics profiling based on GC-TOF/MS were employed to investigate the correlation between host metabolism， microbial metabolism， autophagy and inflammation and their influence on sarcopenia in C57BL/6 male mice. Results: All four proteins increased muscle mass， and goat whey protein improved muscle strength in sarcopenic mice. Goat and bovine milk proteins promoted muscle regeneration by increasing MyoD1 and MyoG expression， and the former had a more distinct effect in inducing autophagy and decreasing inflammation than the latter. In addition， goat whey protein and casein could modulate host-microbial arginine co-metabolism. Notably， goat milk proteins responded well to sarcopenia comorbidities， including sarcopenic obesity， osteosarcopenia， and osteoarthritis. Conclusions: The study confirmed that goat milk proteins were more effective than bovine milk proteins for the control of sarcopenia. Moreover， we found that whey protein and casein could modulate host-microbial arginine co-metabolism， which shows their potential as precision nutritional supplements for the management of sarcopenia. Our

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