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Dietary supplementation of laminarin improves the reproductive performance of sows and the growth of suckling piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 329-343页

作者： Pengguang Zhang Guoyuan Jiang Chenghong Ma Yubo Wang Enfa Yan Linjuan He Jianxin Guo Xin Zhang Jingdong Yin State Key Laboratory of Animal nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background Maternal nutrition is essential in keeping a highly efficient production system in the pig *** has been shown to improve antioxidant capacity,reduce the inflammatory response,and favor the homeostasis of intestinal ***,the effect of dietary supplementation of laminarin on the reproductive performance of sows and the growth of suckling offspring remains *** A total of 40 Landrace×Yorkshire multiparous sows on d 85 of gestation,similar in age,body weight(BW),parity and reproductive performance,were randomly divided into four dietary treatments with 10 sows per treatment,receiving a control diet(basal pregnancy or lactating diets)and a basal diet supplemented with 0.025%,0.05%and 0.10%laminarin,*** experiment lasted from d 85 of gestation to d 21 of *** Laminarin supplementation linearly increased number born alive per litter(P=0.03),average daily feed intake(ADFI,P<0.01),and total milk yield of sows during the lactation of 1–21 d(P=0.02).Furthermore,maternal laminarin supplementation increased the average daily gain(ADG)of piglets while tending to reduce the culling and death rate before *** addition,alterations to the composition of colostrum and milk,as well as to serum inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulins of sows were *** fecal microbiota profile of sows supported the improvement of reproductive performance in sows and the growth performance in suckling *** Dietary supplementation of laminarin during late pregnancy and lactation could significantly improve reproductive performance of sows and growth performance of piglets.

关键词： Fecal microbiota Laminarin Milk Piglets Reproductive performance Sows

Vitamin A regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and function through p38 MAPK‑PGC‑1α signaling pathway and alters the muscle fiber composition of sheep

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 898-910页

作者： Pengkang Song Jiamin Zhao Fanqinyu Li Xiaoyi Zhao Jinxin Feng Yuan Su Bo Wang Junxing Zhao College of Animal Science Shanxi Agricultural UniversityTaiguShanxi 030801People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Animal nutrition and Feeding Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed ScienceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193People’s Republic of China

Background Vitamin A(VA)and its metabolite,retinoic acid(RA),are of great interest for their wide range of physiological ***,the regulatory contribution of VA to mitochondrial and muscle fiber composition in sheep has not been *** Lambs were injected with 0(control)or 7,500 IU VA palmitate into the biceps femoris muscle on d 2 after *** the age of 3 and 32 weeks,longissimus dorsi(LD)muscle samples were obtained to explore the effect of VA on myofiber type *** vitro,we investigated the effects of RA on myofiber type composition and intrinsic *** The proportion of type I myofiber was greatly increased in VA-treated sheep in LD muscle at *** greatly promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and function in LD muscle of *** exploration revealed that VA elevated PGC-1αmRNA and protein contents,and enhanced the level of p38 MAPK phosphorylation in LD muscle of *** addition,the number of type I myofibers with RA treatment was significantly increased,and type IIx myofibers was significantly decreased in primary *** with in vivo experiment,RA significantly improved mitochondrial biogenesis and function in primary myoblasts of *** then used si-PGC-1αto inhibit PGC-1αexpression and found that si-PGC-1αsignificantly abrogated RA-induced the formation of type I myofibers,mitochondrial biogenesis,MitoTracker staining intensity,UQCRC1 and ATP5A1 expression,SDH activity,and enhanced the level of type IIx muscle *** data suggested that RA improved mitochondrial biogenesis and function by promoting PGC-1αexpression,and increased type I *** order to prove that the effect of RA on the level of PGC-1αis caused by p38 MAPK signaling,we inhibited the p38 MAPK signaling using a p38 MAPK inhibitor,which significantly reduced RA-induced PGC-1αand MyHC I *** VA promoted PGC-1αexpression through the p38 MAPK signaling pathway,improved mitochondrial biogenesis,and altered

关键词： Mitochondria Muscle fiber type PGC-1α p38 MAPK Retinoic acid Vitamin A

Potential of molecular chaperones for treating Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2343-2344页

作者： Gefei Chen Jan Johansson Department of Biosciences and nutrition Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most prevalent form of dementia,i.e.,progressive memory loss and profound cognitive dysfunction,resulting in a considerable societal *** the neuropathological level,the brains of AD patients exhibit amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques,neurofibrillary tangles,and neuroinflammation(Sala Frigerio and De Strooper,2016).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation Aβ

A texture-modified dessert with high nutritional value designed for people with dysphagia:effect of refrigeration and frozen storage

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第1期13卷 462-471页

作者： María Cartagena Larisa Giura Diana Ansorena Iciar Astiasaran Department of nutrition Food Science and PhysiologyFaculty of Pharmacy and NutritionUniversidad de NavarraC/Irunlarrea s/nPamplona 31008Spain Center for nutrition Research University of Navarrac/Irunlarrea 1Pamplona 31008Spain Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra IDISNAPamplona 31008Spain National Centre for Food Technology and Safety(CNTA)—Technology and Knowledge for Food Sector Competitiveness NavarreCrta-Na 134-km 53San Adrian 31570Spain

Dysphagia is commonly associated with malnutrition and an increased choking *** overcome these complications,food designed for people with dysphagia should have an appropriate texture and a high nutritional *** this study,six formulations of a strawberry dessert enriched in protein(calcium caseinate)and fiber(wheat dextrin or inulin)were developed using different hydrocolloids(xanthan gum,carboxymethyl cellulose or modified starch)to provide desirable texture and *** value was calculated and total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the samples were ***-extrusion test,rheological measurements and sensory analysis were performed in refrigerated and frozen samples to characterize their textural and viscoelastic *** high content in protein(14.7 g/100 g)and fiber(7.9-8.7 g/100 g)made possible to use the claims“high protein”and“high fiber”.Phytochemicals supplied by strawberries contributed to the antioxidant properties of the *** tangent ranged 0.28-0.35 for all the formulations,indicating a weak gel behavior,which could be considered safe to *** formulations with dextrin in combination with carboxymethyl cellulose or xanthan gum seemed to be less susceptible to structural changes during frozen *** work provides insights for the development of a nutrient-dense dessert that meets the requirements of people with dysphagia.

关键词： Malnutrition Texture-modified-food Hydrocolloids Viscoelastic properties Food texture

How neonatal diet affects the long-term development of rumination behavior,rumen fermentation and feed digestion in dairy calves fed a high milk level?

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 326-337页

作者： Jianxin Xiao Tianyu Chen Rong Peng Gibson M.Alugongo Hui Yang Shuai Liu Yulin Ma Jingjun Wang Shengli Li Zhijun Cao State Key Laboratory of Animal nutrition and Feeding International Calf and Heifer OrganizationCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Culture and Safety Production in Cattle in Sichuan Animal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China

This study was to investigate growth performance,rumination development,rumen fermentation and feed digestion in young calves provided high volumes(about 20%of calf birth weight)of milk with or without forage inclusion and how these parameters correlate with each *** after birth,160 newborn Holstein female calves(41.6±4.2 kg of initial BW)were randomly divided into 2 treatments:1)starter(CON,only starter)and 2)starter and hay(HAY,both starter and hay).The calves were fed their respective experimental diets from d 4 to 84,after which they were all introduced to similar diets until the end of the experiment on d *** had no effect on growth and structural measurements throughout the experimental ***,treatment had an effect on the other parameters,mainly during the post-weaning *** supplementation tended to reduce starter dry matter intake(P=0.05),while increasing the forage intake(P<0.01)and the feed-to-gain ratio(P<0.01).HAY calves had increased neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and physically effective NDF(peNDF)intakes(P<0.05)and tended to lower(P<0.01)starch intake compared to CON *** HAY calves had a higher rumination time(P<0.01),ruminal pH(P<0.01),and acetate-to-propionate ratio(P=0.05)compared to the CON *** correlation analysis showed that rumination time was positively related to the ruminal p H at d 84(P=0.01)and 196(P=0.02).The HAY calves had similar apparent total-tract digestibility of dry matter(DM),NDF and ether extract(EE),but lower digestibility of organic matter(OM,P=0.03),crude protein(CP,P<0.01)and starch(P<0.01)compared to those of the CON calves at week ***,there were no positive relationships between rumination time and nutrient digestibility or between rumination time per kilogram DM and nutrient *** conclusion,feeding hay to calves fed a high milk level improved rumination during the post-weaning period only,without a concomitant effect on growth performance thro

关键词： Neonatal calf Early forage feeding Rumination Rumen fermentation Nutrient digestibility

Emerging role of vitamin D_(3)in alleviating intestinal structure injury caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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Animal nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 202-217页

作者： Yao Zhang Xiao-Qiu Zhou Wei-Dan Jiang Pei Wu Yang Liu Hong-Mei Ren Lu Zhang Hai-Feng Mi Ling Tang Cheng-Bo Zhong Lin Feng Animal nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina Fish nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistant nutrition of China Ministry of Education Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduChina Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Tongwei Co.Ltd.ChengduChina Sichuan Animal Science Academy Sichuan Animtech Feed Co.Ltd.ChengduChina

Bacterial pathogens destroy the structural integrity of functional organs in fish,leading to severe challenges in the aquaculture *** D_(3)(VD_(3))prevents bacterial infections and strengthens immune system function via vitamin D receptor(VDR).However,the correlation between VD_(3)/VDR and the structural integrity of functional organs remains *** study aimed to investigate the influence of VD_(3)supplementation on histological characteristics,apoptosis,and tight junction characteristics in fish intestine during pathogen infection.A total of 540 healthy grass carp(257.24±0.63 g)were fed different levels of VD_(3)(15.2,364.3,782.5,1,167.9,1,573.8,and 1,980.1 IU/kg)for 70 ***,fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila,a pathogen that causes intestinal *** present study demonstrated that optimal supplementation with VD_(3)(1)alleviated intestinal structural damage,and inhibited oxidative damage by reducing levels of oxidative stress biomarkers;(2)attenuated excessive apoptosisrelated death receptor and mitochondrial pathway processes in relation to p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling(P<0.05);(3)enhanced tight junction protein expression by inhibiting myosin light chain kinase signaling(P<0.05);and(4)elevated VDR isoform expression in fish intestine(P<0.05).Overall,the results demonstrated that VD_(3)alleviates oxidative injury,apoptosis,and the destruction of tight junction protein under pathogenic infection,thereby strengthening pathogen defenses in the *** finding supports the rationale for VD_(3)intervention as an essential practice in sustainable aquaculture.

关键词： Aeromonas hydrophila Antibacterial property Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella) Intestinal health Vitamin D_(3)

Unveiling the emerging role of curcumin to alleviate ochratoxin A-induced muscle toxicity in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella):in vitro and in vivo studies

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1638-1656页

作者： Piao Zhao Lin Feng Weidan Jiang Pei Wu Yang Liu Hongmei Ren Xiaowan Jin Lu Zhang Haifeng Mi Xiaoqiu Zhou Animal nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Fish nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Animal Disease‑Resistance nutrition Ministry of EducationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 611130SichuanChina Tongwei Co. Ltd.Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 610041SichuanChina

Background Ochratoxin A(OTA),a globally abundant and extremely hazardous pollutant,is a significant source of contamination in aquafeeds and is responsible for severe food *** developmental toxicity of OTA and the potential relieving strategy of natural products remain *** study screened the substance curcumin(Cur),which had the best effect in alleviating OTA inhibition of myoblast proliferation,from 96 natural products and investigated its effect and mechanism in reducing OTA myotoxicity in vivo and in *** A total of 720 healthy juvenile grass carp,with an initial average body weight of 11.06±0.05 g,were randomly assigned into 4 groups:the control group(without OTA and Cur),1.2 mg/kg OTA group,400 mg/kg Cur group,and 1.2 mg/kg OTA+400 mg/kg Cur *** treatment consisted of 3 replicates(180 fish)for 60 *** Firstly,we cultured,purified,and identified myoblasts using the tissue block culture *** preliminary screening and re-screening of 96 substances,we examined cell proliferation-related indicators such as cell viability and ultimately found that Cur had the best ***,Cur could alleviate OTA-inhibited myoblast differentiation and myofibrillar development-related proteins(Myo G and MYHC)in vivo and in vitro and improve the growth performance of grass ***,Cur could also promote the expression of OTA-inhibited protein synthesis-related proteins(S6K1 and TOR),which was related to the activation of the AKT/TOR signaling ***,Cur could downregulate the expression of OTA-enhanced protein degradation-related genes(murf1,foxo3a,and ub),which was related to the inhibition of the Fox O3a signaling *** In summary,our data demonstrated the effectiveness of Cur in alleviating OTA myotoxicity in vivo and in *** study confirms the rapidity,feasibility,and effectiveness of establishing a natural product screening method targeting myoblasts to alleviate fungal toxin toxicity.

关键词： Curcumin Grass carp Myotoxic Ochratoxin A Protein deposition

Betalains protect various body organs through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1109-1117页

作者： Nilesh Prakash Nirmal Seema Medhe Merina Dahal Pankaj Koirala Siriwan Nirmal Fahad Al-Asmari Baojun Xu Institute of nutrition Mahidol UniversityNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand Department of nutrition and Dietetics Central Campus of TechnologyTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 46000Nepal Department of Adult Nursing Faculty of NursingBurapha UniversityChonburi 20131Thailand Department of Food Science and nutrition College of Agriculture and Food SciencesKing Faisal UniversityAl-Ahsa 31982Saudi Arabia Food Science and Technology Program Department of Life SciencesBNU-HKBU United International CollegeZhuhai 519088China

Betalains are natural coloring pigments with betalamic acid as the core structure of all *** their coloring properties,betalains exhibit various biological activities,including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties,which are highly *** in-vivo studies reported that betalains protect various body organs,leading to health *** organs,including the heart,liver,kidney,lung,etc.,are important for a healthy ***,these organs can be affected or damaged by various stress factors,toxicants,and harmful *** studies have claimed that betalains could protect all vital organs of the body through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory *** review article described the in-vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of betalains in various cell-line or animal models.A comprehensive discussion has been provided on the mechanism of action of betalains in protecting various body organs,including cardio-protective effect,hepato-protective ability,renal protection capacity,repro-protective ability,neuro-protective effect,lung protection,and gut protection ***,future research directions and conclusions have been outlined.

关键词： Betalains Antioxidant Anti-inflammatory Bioactivities Ogans-protection

Prospects of sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.) polysaccharides: preparation， structural characterization， and bioactivities diversity

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Shuyuan Shi Ruiyun Wu Zixin Han Yu Sun Pinglan Li Fazheng Ren Nan Shang Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and Food Quality College of Food Science and nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Precision nutrition and Food Quality Department of nutrition and Healthy China Agricultural University College of Engineering China Agricultural University

Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food. Polysaccharide， as one of its primary active components， has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary supplement for functional foods， with good commercial prospects. Although initial progress has been made in the study of sea buckthorn polysaccharides， related studies have been fragmented and lacked systematic and generalization. This manuscript presents a critical analysis and systematic summary of the extraction and purification methods， structural characterization and physicochemical properties， biological activity and potential mechanisms， and structure-activity relationships of sea buckthorn polysaccharides. Accumulating evidence has indicated that sea buckthorn polysaccharides， which were widely prepared by water extraction and column chromatography purifications， exhibited exhibit superior biological activities in vitro and in vivo， including antioxidant， immunomodulatory， anti-inflammatory， hepatorenal protective， antibacterial， antiviral， and prebiotic activities. After analysis， it was concluded that there is a correlation between the relevant activities of sea buckthorn polysaccharides and that the structure of sea buckthorn polysaccharides has a great influence on their biological activity. We reviewed the challenges and limitations of sea buckthorn polysaccharides， summarized the critical aspects， and provided suggestions for potential breakthroughs in the research and application of sea buckthorn polysaccharide.

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