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Effect of supplementing layer hen diet with phytogenic feed additives on laying performance, egg quality, egg lipid peroxidation and blood biochemical constituents

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Animal nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 394-400页

作者： Reham Abou-Elkhair Shaimaa Selim Eman Hussein Department of nutrition and Clinical nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Sadat City Department of nutrition and Clinical nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Menoufia Department of Poultry Production Faculty of Agriculture University of Menoufia

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of supplementing laying hen diet with phytogenic additives on laying performance, egg quality, blood constituents and egg lipid peroxidation. Two hundred Lohmann Brown Lite laying hens were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments: control(without phytogenic additive), fennel seeds(5 g/kg), black cumin seeds(5 g/kg) and hot red pepper(5 g/kg).Each of the 4 diets was fed to 5 replicates of 10 hens for 8 weeks. No significant differences were observed in body weight or feed intake between the groups. Dietary inclusion of fennel followed by red pepper improved(P < 0.05) egg weight, egg production, egg mass and feed conversion ratio compared with control. Higher yolk shape index, shell and albumen weight percentages and Haugh unit(P < 0.05)were recorded in the fennel supplemented group compared with control. The egg yolk color score increased by the addition of fennel or hot red pepper in laying hen diets compared with control. The inclusion of black cumin or hot red pepper decreased serum and egg yolk cholesterol and malondialdehyde concentrations(P < 0.05) compared with control. Serum aspartate aminotransferase concentration was lower in black cumin group(P < 0.05) than in other treatments. In conclusion, the best laying performance and egg quality were obtained by dietary inclusion of fennel, followed by hot red pepper and black cumin. Dietary supplementation of black cumin or red pepper may lead to the development of low-cholesterol concentration and better antioxidant capacity of eggs.

关键词： Phytogenic additives Egg quality Hepatoprotective activity Lipid peroxidation Cholesterol Laying hens

Dietary supplementation in patients with alcoholic liver disease: a review on current evidence

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第4期15卷 348-360页

作者： Zeinab Ghorbani Masoomeh Hajizadeh Azita Hekmatdoost Department of Clinical nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Nutrition and Food TechnologyNational Nutrition and Food TechnologyResearch Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

BACKGROUND：Alcoholic liver disease（ALD）is one of the main causes of liver disease *** the pathogenesis of ALD has not yet been well elucidated,the oxidative metabolites of ethanol such as acetaldehyde and reactive oxygen species play a pivotal role in the clinical and pathological spectrum of the *** review summarizes the existing evidences on dietary supplements considered to have antioxidant,and/or anti-inflammatory properties,and their role in the management of ALD and the proposed *** SOURCES：The present study reviewed all studies published in Pub Med,Science Direct and Scopus,from 1959 to2015,indicating the role of different dietary supplementation in attenuation of many pathophysiological processes involved in development and progression of ***-texts of citations were used except for those that were published in languages other than ***：Significant progress has been made to understand the key events and molecular players for the onset and progression of ALD from both experimental and clinical studies;however,there is no successful treatment currently *** present review discussed the role of a variety of dietary supplements（*** A,carotenoids,vitamins B3,C and E,in addition to antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents）in treating *** has been shown that supplementation with some carotenoids,vitamin B3,vitamin C,silymarin,curcumin,probiotics,zinc,S-adenosylmethionine and garlic may havepotential beneficial effects in animal models of ALD;however,the number of clinical studies is very *** addition,supplementation should be accompanied with alcohol ***：Since oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of ALD,dietary supplements that can modulate these pathologies could be useful in the treatment of *** addition to alcohol cessation,these supplements have shown beneficial effects on animal models of *** trials are needed to validate t

关键词： alcoholic liver disease fatty liver dietary supplements antioxidants nutrition diet

Potential prospects of nanomedicine for targeted therapeutics in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第23期18卷 2895-2901页

作者： Madharasi VA Pichai Lynnette R Ferguson Discipline of nutrition Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as Crohn's disease are highly debilitating. There are inconsistencies in response to and side effects in the current conventional medications, failures in adequate drug delivery, and the lack of therapeutics to offer complete remission in the presently available treatments of IBD. This suggests the need to explore beyond the horizons of conventional approaches in IBD therapeutics. This review examines the arena of the evolving IBD nanomedicine, studied so far in animal and in vitro models, before comprehensive clinical testing in humans. The investigations carried out so far in IBD models have provided substantial evidence of the nanotherapeutic approach as having the potential to overcome some of the current drawbacks to conventional IBD therapy. We analyze the pros and cons of nanotechnology in IBD therapies studied in different models, aimed at different targets and mechanisms of IBD pathogenesis, in an attempt to predict its possible impact in humans.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Tumor necrosis factor-m Nanomedicine

Antioxidant and ntiinflammatory efficacy of curcumin on lung tissue in rats with sepsis

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2020年第5期40卷 820-826页

作者： Emel Aktaş Hilal Yildiran faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nutrition and DieteticsKarabük UniversityKarabük 78000Turkey faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nutrition and DieteticsGazi UniversityAnkara 06500Turkey

OBJECTIVE:To detect antioxidant and antiinflammatory efficacy of Curcumin(Cur)on lung tissue in rats with ***:Totally 32 rats were divided into 4 groups;the rats in Group 1(control group)had abdominal incision under sterile conditions following anesthesia and the abdomen was *** incision was performed in the rats in Group 2(Cur group)under sterile conditions following anesthesia and the abdomen was *** was given to this group after dissolving within dimethylsulphoxide as 100 mg/kg through oral gavage and started for 3 d before surgical *** 3(CLP group)had caecal ligation and punction(CLP)under sterile conditions to create sepsis following anesthesia and the abdomen was *** was performed in the rats in Group 4(CLP+Cur group)under sterile conditions following anesthesia to create a sepsis model and the abdomen was *** was also given to this group after dissolving within dimethylsulphoxide as 100 mg/kg through oralgavageandstartedfor3 d before surgical *** the rats were sacrificed through blood aspiration from the heart under sterile conditions following anesthesia and lung tissues were removed after 24 h following the surgical *** tissue samples were homogenizated for biochemical analyses;and malondialdehyde(MDA),nitric okxide(NO),myeloperoxidase(MPO),superoxidedysmutase(SOD)nd catalase(CAT)were analyzed through spectrophotometric method,immunhistochemical i NOS staining was performed to assess the inflammation;and histopathological differences between the groups were ***:A statistically significant decrease was detected in the CLP+Cur group when compared with the CLP group of which Cur was not given in terms of MDA,MPO and NO levels(P<0.05)whereas a statistically significant elevation was fpund in the CLP+Cur group when compared with the CLP group in terms of SOD and CAT levels(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The study outcomes revealed that supplementation of Cur presents an antioxidan

关键词： Curcumin Sepsis Anti-inflammatory agents Antioxidants Nitric Oxide Synthase TypeⅡ

Effect of dephytinization on bioavailability of iron,calcium and zinc from infant cereals assessed in the Caco-2 cell model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第16期15卷 1977-1984页

作者： Carmen Frontela Maria Laura Scarino Simonetta Ferruzza Gaspar Ros Carmen Martínez Department of Food Science and nutrition Faculty of Veterinary Science and Food Science and TechnologyMurcia University INRAN National Research Institute for Food and Nutrition

AIM： To test the effect of the dephytinization of three different commercial infant cereals on iron, calcium, and zinc bioavailability by estimating the uptake, retention, and transport by Caco-2 cells. METHODS： Both dephytinized （by adding an exogenous phytase） and non-dephytinized infant cereals were digested using an in vitro digestion protocol adapted to the gastrointestinal conditions of infants younger than 6 too. Mineral cell retention, transport, and uptake from infant cereals were measured using the soluble fraction of the simulated digestion and the Caco-2 cells. RESULTS： Dephytinization of infant cereals significantly increased （P 〈 0.05） the cell uptake efficiency （from 0.66%-6.05% to 3.93%-13%）, retention （from 6.04%-16.68% to 14.75%-20.14%） and transport efficiency （from 0.14%-2.21% to 1.47%-6.02%）, of iron, and the uptake efficiency （from 5.0%-35.4% to 7.3%-41.6%） and retention （from 4.05%-20.53% to 14.45%-61.3%） of zinc, whereas calcium only cell uptake showed a significant increase （P 〈 0.05） after removing phytate from most of the samples analyzed. A positive relationship （P 〈 0.05） between mineral solubility and the cell uptake and transport efficiencies was observed. CONCLUSION： Removing phytate from infant cereals had a beneficial effect on iron and zinc bioavailability when infant cereals were reconstituted with water. Since in developing countries cereal-based complementary foods for infants are usually consumed mixed with water, exogenous phytase additions could improve the nutritional value of this weaning food.

关键词： Infant cereals Phytate Iron Calcium Zinc Caco-2 cells BioavaUability

The effect of caloric restriction on genetical pathways

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1450-1457页

作者： Mustafa Fevzi Karagöz A.Gülçin Sağdıçoğlu Celep faculty of Health Sciences Department of Nutrition and DieteticsGazi UniversityÇankaya 06490Turkey

Energy restriction is defined as reducing nutrient intake without dragging the organism into malnutrition. Energy restriction is preferred because it is a non-genetic intervention that increases life expectancy. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD~+)and adenosine monophosphate(AMP)levels, which are the indicators of intracellular energy deficiency, increase with energy restriction. The increase in NAD~+ level stimulates sirtuin(SIRT)enzymes, and the increase in AMP level stimulates AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK). Various mechanisms are regulated by stimulating these enzymes. By Forkhead box O(FoxO)transcription factors, the ability of resistance to oxidative stress increases, and antioxidant genes, DNA repair, and autophagy genes are stimulated. Apoptosis is induced by stimulation of the p53 protein, and tumor growth is suppressed by the disruption of aging cells. The suppression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)-/-Akt, and therefore mTOR signal stimulates autophagy and mitophagia, and cleanses damaged cells and organelles. Mitochondrial biogenesis is stimulated, antioxidant capacity increases, and inflammatory response decreases. Adipose tissue and lipid metabolism are regulated by the regulation of fatty acid synthesis and oxidation. As a consequence, the effects of caloric restriction on cellular metabolism are regulated through the genetic pathways.

关键词： Caloric restriction Energy restriction Sirtuin AMPK Mitochondrial biogenesis

Modeling aggregate size distribution of eroded sediment resulting from rain-splash and raindrop impacted flow processes

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第2期34卷 166-177页

作者： Selen Deviren Saygin Gunay Erpul Department of Soil Science and Plant nutrition Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Ankara

Soil susceptibility to detachment and transport sub-processes of erosion is generally controled by the aggregate breakdown *** particle size and aggregation to the estimate erodibility potential of soils is important under erosive rainfall *** Aggregate Size Distribution（ASD）is one of the most important determinants of soil structure along with soil organic matter content for describing the efficiency of applied,sustainable management *** study aimed to compare the performances of three different aggregate size distribution models to predict the characteristic aggregate size parameter(median diameter,D50)for eroded sediment from interrill erosion processes of RainSplash Transport（RST）and Raindrop Impacted Flow Transport（RIFT）.The ASDs of 1143 collected sediment samples from the RST and RIFT processes were measured and modeled by the Log-normal,Fractal,and Weibull *** D50value,as a characteristic parameter for aggregate size distributions,derived from the cumulative ASD curve was compared for soils from different land use types and different slope and rainfall intensity *** performance of each model was evaluated using the Mean Square Error（MSE）and Coefficient of Determination（R2）.The Weibull approach was the most accurate model showing the best fit with the lowest MSE values（0.0002≤MSE≤0.0048）and having the greatest R2values（0.936≤R2≤0.998）when compared with the Log-normal and Fractal ***,for semi-arid land use and soil,specific shape and scale parameters for the Weibull distribution,the respective ASDs were successfully re-generated for modeling the eroded sediment of the simulated RST and RIFT interill processes.

关键词： Aggregate size distribution Eroded sediment Log-normal model Fractal model Weibull model

Clinical significance of low transaminase levels in children with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第2期15卷 143-147页

作者： Murat Cakir Elif Sag Guzide Dogan Fatih Unal Erhun Kasirga Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and nutrition Faculty of MedicineKaradeniz Technical UniversityTrabzonTurkey Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and nutrition Faculty of MedicineManisa Celal Bayar UniversityManisaTurkey Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and nutrition BursaTurkey

Background Low alanine aminotransaminase (LALT) levels may be seen in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),but there has been no study about the frequency and its clinical *** aimed to analyze the frequency of LALT,and its clinical significance in children with *** The study included the 89 patients with IBD without hepatobiliary *** was defined as ALT levels < 5 U/*** and clinical findings and outcome of the patients with and without LALT were *** LALT was found 47.1% of the *** initial examination,it was more common in female patients (92.3 vs.41.3%,P < 0.001) and patients with CD (57.7 vs.30.2%,P=0.01).75% of the patients with penetrating Crohn's disease (CD) had LALT (P=0.002).Hemoglobin (10.4±2.1 vs.11.7± 1.9 g/dL,P=0.01),folic acid (5.2±3.3 vs.8.6±5.9 ng/mL,P =0.02) and serum albumin levels (3.6 ± 0.8 vs.4.7 ± 5 g/dL,P =0.002) were significantly low in patients with *** was associted with the disease relapse within 2 weeks in 12 of the 16 patients with LALT whereas it was seen in 16 of the 73 patients without LALT during the follow-up (75 vs.21.9%,P < 0.001).Additionally,steroid dependency was more common in patients with LALT during the follow-up (62.5 vs.12.3%,P<0.001).Conclusions LALT is common in children with IBD especially in CD and associated with low hemoglobin,albumin and folic acid *** may be a marker of relapse and steroid dependency.

关键词： Children Inflammatory bowel disease Low transaminase levels Vitamin B6

Nutrient patterns and risk of cataract：a case-control study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第4期10卷 586-592页

作者： Fatemeh Sedaghat Matin Ghanavati Parisa Nezhad Hajian Sara Hajishirazi Mehdi Ehteshami Bahram Rashidkhani Department of Community nutrition Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food TechnologyNational Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center)Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences

AIM：To assess the relation between nutrient patterns and cataract ***：This is a hospital-based case-control study with 97 cataract patients and 198 matched *** consumption was collected through a valid food frequency questionnaire（FFQ）.Nutrient patterns were detected by applying factor *** logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratio（ORs） and 95%***：We extracted 5 main nutrient *** 1 included niacin,thiamin,carbohydrates,protein,zinc,vitamin B6 and sodium（sodium pattern）.Factor 2 was characterized by oleic acid,monounsaturated fats,polyunsaturated fats,linoleic acid,trans fatty acid,linolenic acid,vitamin E and saturated fats（fatty acid pattern）.The third factor represented high intake of vitamin B12,vitamin D,cholesterol and calcium（mixed pattern）.The 4^（th） pattern was high in intake of beta and alpha carotene,vitamin A and vitamin C（antioxidant pattern）.Finally,the 5^（th） pattern loaded heavily on docosahexaenoic acid（DHA） and eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA）（omega-3 pattern）.In crude and multivariate analysis,the sodium pattern was associated with increased risk of cataract（OR=1.97,95%CI：1.09-3.96）.The fatty acid pattern elevated the risk of cataract（OR=1.94,95%CI：1.1-3.86）.Antioxidant pattern was associated with a significant 79% reduced risk（2^（nd） category compared with the 1st）.Omega-3 pattern was significantly negatively associated with risk of cataract（P=0.04）.CONCLUSION：These findings imply that nutrient patterns reflecting a combined consumption of nutrients might be important in the etiology of *** studies with more efficient designs are warranted to confirm our findings.

关键词： nutrient patterns cataract case-control study