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Assessment of Axial Power Peaking Factors in GHARR-1 LEU Core: A Decadal Simulation Analysis

World Journal of nuclear Science and Technology 2024年第1期14卷 72-85页

作者： Emmanuel Kwame Ahiave Emmanuel Ampomah-Amoako Rex Gyeabour Abrefah Mathew Asamoah Department of Mathematics and Statistics Ho Technical University Ho Ghana Department of nuclear Engineering Graduate School of Nuclear and Allied Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana nuclear regulatory Authority Accra Ghana National nuclear Research Institute Accra Ghana

This study aims to thoroughly investigate the axial power peaking factors (PPF) within the low-enriched uranium (LEU) core of the Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1). This study uses advanced simulation tools, like the MCNPX code for analysing neutron behavior and the PARET/ANL code for understanding power variations, to get a clearer picture of the reactor’s performance. The analysis covers the initial six years of GHARR-1’s operation and includes projections for its whole 60-year lifespan. We closely observed the patterns of both the highest and average PPFs at 21 axial nodes, with measurements taken every ten years. The findings of this study reveal important patterns in power distribution within the core, which are essential for improving the safety regulations and fuel management techniques of the reactor. We provide a meticulous approach, extensive data, and an analysis of the findings, highlighting the significance of continuous monitoring and analysis for proactive management of nuclear reactors. The findings of this study not only enhance our comprehension of nuclear reactor safety but also carry significant ramifications for sustainable energy progress in Ghana and the wider global context. nuclear engineering is essential in tackling global concerns, such as the demand for clean and dependable energy sources. Research on optimising nuclear reactors, particularly in terms of safety and efficiency, is crucial for the ongoing advancement and acceptance of nuclear energy.

关键词： GHARR-1 Power Peaking Factor nuclear Reactor Safety Low Enriched Uranium Core Operational Longevity Thermal Hydraulics

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A PET probe targeting polyamine transport system for precise tumor diagnosis and therapy

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2024年第3期19卷 146-159页

作者： Ming Zhou Xiaoqin Yin Bei Chen Shuo Hu Wenhu Zhou Department of nuclear Medicine Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health commission Changsha 410008China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders(Xiangya) Changsha 410008China

Polyamine metabolism dysregulation is a hallmark of many cancers,offering a promising avenue for early tumor *** study presents the development of a nuclear probe derived from spermidine(SPM)for dual-purpose tumor PET imaging and internal radiation *** probe,radiolabeled with either[68Ga]Ga for diagnostic applications or[177Lu]Lu for therapeutic use,was synthesized with exceptional purity,stability,and specific *** testing involving 12 different tumor cell lines revealed remarkable specificity towards B16 melanoma cells,showcasing outstanding tumor localization and target-to-non-target *** investigations employing polyamines,non-labeled precursor,and polyamine transport system(PTS)inhibitor,consistently affirmed the probe?s targetability through recognition of the ***,while previous reports indicated PTS upregulation in various tumor types for targeted therapy,this study observed no positive signals,highlighting a concentration-dependent discrepancy between targeting for therapy and ***,when labeled with[177Lu],the probe demonstrated its therapeutic potential by effectively controlling tumor growth and extending mouse *** into biodistribution,excretion,and biosafety in healthy humans laid a robust foundation for clinical *** study introduces a versatile SPM-based nuclear probe with applications in precise tumor theranostics,offering promising prospects for clinical implementation.

关键词： PET imaging Polyamine metabolism Spermine Radiopharmaceutical Melanoma

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Construction and characterization of a humanized SLCO1B1 rat model with its application in evaluating the uptake of different statins

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1592-1604页

作者： Yuanjin Zhang Junze Huang Shengbo Huang Jie Liu Luyao Deng Chenmeizi Liang Yuanqing Guo Bingyi Yao Xin Wang Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital and School of Life Sciences Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory BiologyEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

Organic anion-transporting polypeptides IB1(OATPIB1)plays a crucial role in the transport of ***,there are too few animal models related to OATPIB1,especially humanized animal *** this study,the human SLCOIB1 cDNA was inserted into the second exon of the rat Slcolb2 gene using CRISPR/Cas9 *** characteristics of statins were conducted in wild-type(WT),humanized OATPIB1(hOATPIB1),and OATPIB2 knockout(OATPIB2 KO)rats,*** results showed that human OATPIB1 was successfully expressed in rat liver and exhibited transport ***,the pharmacokinetic results revealed that OATPIB1 exhibited varying uptake levels of pivastatin,rosuvastatin,and fluvastatin,leading to different levels of exposure within the *** results were consistent with those obtained from in vitro experiments using overexpressed cell *** conclusion,we established a novel humanized SLCOIBI transgenic rat model to assess the role of human OATPIB1 in the uptake of different *** different uptake mediated by OATPIB1 may be an important reason for the different efficacy of *** hOATPIB1 rat is a promising model for improving the prediction of human drug transport.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 Drug transport Drug disposition Geneediting Humanized rat model OATP1B1 SLCO1B1 Statins

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An Interior-Point Algorithm for Linear Programming with Optimal Selection of Centering Parameter and Step Size

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2021年第3期9卷 659-671页

作者： Ya-Guang Yang nuclear regulatory commission Office of ResearchRockville 20850USA

For interior-point algorithms in linear programming,it is well known that the selection of the centering parameter is crucial for proving polynomiality in theory and for efficiency in ***,the selection of the centering parameter is usually by heuristics and separated from the selection of the line-search step *** heuristics are quite different while developing practically efficient algorithms,such as Mehrotra’s predictor–corrector(MPC)algorithm,and theoretically efficient algorithms,such as short-step path-following *** introduces a dilemma that some algorithms with the best-known polynomial bound are least efficient in practice,and some most efficient algorithms may not be convergent in polynomial ***,in this paper,we propose a systematic way to optimally select the centering parameter and linesearch step size at the same time,and we show that the algorithm based on this strategy has the best-known polynomial bound and may be very efficient in computation for real problems.

关键词： Interior-point method Convergence Polynomial algorithm Linear programming

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Lower synaptic density and its association with cognitive dysfunction in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder

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General Psychiatry 2024年第3期37卷 422-430页

作者： Qian Xiao Jiale Hou Ling Xiao Ming Zhou Zhiyou He Huixi Dong Shuo Hu Mental Health Center Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Department of nuclear Medicine Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology National Health CommissionChangshaHunanChina National Clinical Research Center Geriatric Disorders(Xiangya)ChangshaHunanChina

Background Understanding synaptic alteration in obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is crucial for elucidating its pathological mechanisms,but in vivo research on this topic remains *** This study aimed to identify the synaptic density indicators in OCD and explore the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and synaptic density changes in *** This study enrolled 28 drug-naive adults with OCD aged 18-40 years and 16 healthy controls(HCs).Three-dimensional T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-SynVesT-1 positron emission tomography were *** function was assessed using the Wisconsin Cart Sorting Test(WCST)in patients with OCD and *** analysis was performed to examine the association between synaptic density reduction and cognitive *** Compared with HCs,patients with OCD showed reduced synaptic density in regions of the cortico-striatothalamo-cortical circuit such as the bilateral putamen,left caudate,left parahippocampal gyrus,left insula,left parahippocampal gyrus and left middle occipital lobe(voxel p<0.001,uncorrected,with cluster level above 50 contiguous voxels).The per cent conceptual-level responses of WCST were positively associated with the synaptic density reduction in the left middle occipital gyrus(R^(2)=0.1690,p=0.030),left parahippocampal gyrus(R^(2)=0.1464,p=0.045)and left putamen(R^(2)=0.1967,p=0.018)in patients with *** Adults with OCD demonstrated lower 18Flabelled difluoro analogue of 18F-SynVesT-1 compared with HCs,indicating potentially lower synaptic *** is the first study to explore the synaptic density in patients with OCD and provides insights into potential biological targets for cognitive dysfunctions in OCD.

关键词： patients dysfunction Lower

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Structural insight into the dual-antagonistic mechanism of AB928 on adenosine A_(2)receptors

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 986-995页

作者： Yuan Weng Xinyu Yang Qiansen Zhang Ying Chen Yueming Xu Chenyu Zhu Qiong Xie Yonghui Wang Huaiyu Yang Mingyao Liu Weiqiang Lu Gaojie Song Shanghai Key Laboratory of regulatory Biology Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Department of Medicinal Chemistry School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China

The adenosine subfamily G protein-coupled receptors A_(2A)R and A_(2B)R have been identified as promising cancer immunotherapy *** of the A_(2A)R/A_(2B)R dual antagonists,AB928,has progressed to a phaseⅡclinical trial to treat rectal ***,the precise mechanism underlying its dual-antagonistic properties remains ***,we report crystal structures of the A_(2A)R complexed with AB928 and a selective A_(2A)R antagonist *** structures revealed a common binding mode on A_(2A)R,wherein the ligands established extensive interactions with residues from the orthosteric and secondary *** contrast,the cAMP assay and A_(2A)R and A_(2B)R molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the ligands adopted distinct binding modes on A_(2B)*** analysis of their chemical structures suggested that AB928 readily adapted to the A_(2B)R pocket,while 2-118 did not due to intrinsic *** disparity potentially accounted for the difference in inhibitory efficacy between A_(2B)R and A_(2A)*** study serves as a valuable structural template for the future development of selective or dual inhibitors targeting A_(2A)R/A_(2B)R for cancer therapy.

关键词： adenosine receptor A2AR A2BR inhibitor dual-antagonism drug discovery

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Design study of charge-stripping scheme of heavy ion beams for HIAF-BRing

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 30-41页

作者： Jun-Jie Zhang Zhi-You Xu Jin-Quan Zhang Wen-Wen Ge Liang-Ting Sun Huan-Yu Zhao Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Charge strippers play an essential role in heavy-ion accelerators by stripping the projectile ions to higher charge states to enhance the acceleration efficiency downstream of the *** the high-energy mode of the booster ring(BRing)of the high-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility,the pre-accelerated ions from the iLinac will be stripped by a carbon foil to higher charge states and then injected into the *** key parameters of the stripper and stripped ions were calculated,and the influence of stripping on the beam quality was *** get high stripping efficiencies,the foil thicknesses and resultant charge state distributions for the typical ions were determined by the code *** equilibrium thickness was obtained for the U beam,while the stripper thicknesses for the Xe and Kr beams were determined based on a compromise between the stripped charge states and the stripping *** energy loss,energy straggling,and emittance growth due to stripping have a non-negligible impact on the transport of the stripped beams and the injection of the ***,these parameters were simulated by *** addition,the foil’s temperature evolution,which greatly affects the foil lifetime,was simulated by *** maximum temperature of the foil bombarded by the U and Xe beams with the nominal parameters will exceed the safe value in terms of the impact of evaporation on the foil’s *** the foil temperature constraint,the highest tolerable beam intensity and the injected ion number into the ring were derived for different beam *** results of this paper will present important reference data for the optimization design and commissioning of the beamline and injection to the BRing for the stripped ions.

关键词： High-intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility Charge stripper Energy spread Thermal analysis Emittance growth Injection turns

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New measurement of the neutron-induced total cross-sections of^(nat)Cr in a wide energy range on the Back-n at CSNS

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第10期48卷 168-175页

作者： Baoqian Li Min Xiao Yonghao Chen Jieming Xue Xinxiang Li Han Yi Pinjing Cheng Rong Liu Yiwei Yang Zijie Han Dajun Zhao Haoqiang Wang Jirong Zhao Peng Luan Jing Liu Zijun Liu Chaomin Chen Wen Luo Bo Zheng Song Feng School of nuclear Science and Technology University of South ChinaHengyang 421001China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China Institute of nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900China

The neutron total cross-section of ^(nat)Cr plays a crucial role in new nuclear engineering design and fundamental science.A new measurement of the neutron-induced total cross-sections of ^(nat)Cr was performed using the transmission method on the back-streaming white neutron beamline(Back-n)at the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS).The neutron energy was determined using the time-of-flight *** neutron total cross-sections of ^(nat)Cr were obtained across a broad energy range(0.3 eV−20 MeV)in one experiment for the first *** resulting effective total cross-sections were compared with the existing experimental data in different energy ranges,which revealed good agreement with the evaluated *** calculation of the total cross-section in the energy range of 1.5 to 20 MeV was then conducted using TALYS-1.96 and compared with the present *** measurement provides a high-quality total cross-section of ^(nat)Cr,including detailed uncertainty data across a wide energy range,offering a valuable reference for nuclear data re-evaluation and nuclear engineering design.

关键词： neutron total cross-section natural chromium Back-n white neutron beamline NTOX

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Opportunities for production and property research of neutron-rich nuclei around N=126 at HIAF

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nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 101-113页

作者： Shao-Bo Ma Li-Na Sheng Xue-Heng Zhang Shi-Tao Wang Kai-Long Wang Chun-Wang Ma Hool-Jin Ong Zhi-Yu Sun Shu-Wen Tang Yu-Hong Yu Xin-Tong Du Xiao-Bao Wei Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory Huizhou 516000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Physics Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China Institute of nuclear Science and Technology Henan Academy of ScienceZhengzhou 450046China Joint-Department for nuclear Physics Lanzhou University and Institute of Modern PhysicsLanzhou 730000China Research Center for nuclear Physics Osaka UniversityOsaka 567-0047Japan RIKEN Nishina Center Saitama 351-0198Japan Northwest Normal University Lanzhou 730070China

The study of nuclide production and its properties in the N=126 neutron-rich region is prevalent in nuclear physics and astrophysics *** upcoming High-energy FRagment Separator(HFRS)at the High-Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility(HIAF),an in-flight separator at relativistic energies,is characterized by high beam intensity,large ion-optical acceptance,high magnetic rigidity,and high momentum resolution *** provides an opportunity to study the production and properties of neutron-rich nuclei around N=*** this paper,an experimental scheme is proposed to produce neutron-rich nuclei around N=126 and simultaneously measure their mass and lifetime based on the HFRS separator;the feasibility of this scheme is evaluated through *** results show that under the high-resolution optical mode,many new neutron-rich nuclei approaching the r-process abundance peak around A=195 can be produced for the first time,and many nuclei with unknown masses and lifetimes can be produced with high *** the time-of-flight corrected by the measured dispersive position and energy loss information,the cocktails produced from 208 Pb fragmentation can be unambiguously ***,the masses of some neutron-rich nuclei near N=126 can be measured with high precision using the time-of-flight magnetic rigidity *** indicates that the HIAF-HFRS facility has the potential for the production and property research of neutron-rich nuclei around N=126,which is of great significance for expanding the chart of nuclides,developing nuclear theories,and understanding the origin of heavy elements in the universe.

关键词： HFRS Fragmentation Neutron-rich nuclei around N=126 Mass measurement Lifetime

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Unraveling the role of formate in improving nitrogen removal via coupled partial denitrification-anammox

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 79-90页

作者： Wanlu Zhu Rui Xiao Min Xu Wenbo Chai Wenlong Liu Zhengyu Jin David Ikumi Huijie Lu Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health(Ministry of Education) College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China China National nuclear Corporation Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and MetallurgyBeijing 100029China College of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs CommissionCollege of Life&Environmental SciencesMinzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China Water Research Group Department of Civil EngineeringUniversity of Cape TownRondebosch 7700South Africa Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety Hangzhou 310058China

The addition of traditional carbon sources(e.g.,acetate)could favor heterotrophic overgrowth in partial denitrification coupled with anammox(PD–A)systems,thus hindering the performance and stability of this novel wastewater nitrogen removal ***,it is necessary to develop an effective,environmentally friendly,and inexpensive *** study demonstrated the potential of formate to enhance the performance and community stability of PD–A under mainstream *** a laboratory-scale biofilm reactor,formate addition(COD/NO_(3)^(–)–N=1.75)improved nitrogen removal efficiency(from 72.1±3.5%to 81.7±2.7%),EPS content(from 106.3±8.1 to 163.0±15.5 mg/gVSS)and increased anammox bacteria growth(predominantly Candidatus Brocadia,from 29.5±0.7%to 34.5±5.4%)while maintaining stable heterotrophs dominated by methylotrophic ***–NanoSIMS revealed a formate uptake using *** and Desulfobacillus,with *** being the major contributor to partial nitrate reduction to *** can synthesize diverse hydrophobic amino acids and provide key nutrients for *** achieve comparable nitrogen removal,the cost of the formate-driven PD–A process should be 11.2%lower than that of *** results greatly enrich our understanding of C1 metabolism represented by formate in anammox communities and its application in the context of coupling partial denitrification–anammox toward enhanced nitrogen removal in global wastewater treatment systems.

关键词： Formate Mixotrophic growth Partial denitrification-anammox Metabolic interaction FISH-NanoSIMS

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