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Analysis of amino acid enantiomers in ambient aerosols:Effects and removal of coexistent aerosol matrix

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 732-740页

作者： Ying Li Xiaoying Li Libin Wu Luhan Shi ShanWang pingqing Fu Yingyi Zhang Senchao Lai The Key Lab of pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters Ministry of EducationSchool of Environment and EnergySouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China now at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong 00852China

Amino acids(AAs)including D-and L-enantiomers are a group of organic nitrogen species in ambient *** to the low abundances of AAs(level of ng/m^(3))and the matrix effects by coexistent components,it is challenging to quantify AA enantiomers in ambient aerosols especially under pollution *** this study,we present an optimized method for analyzing AA enantiomers in atmospheric aerosol samples including a pretreatment process and the detection by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a fuorescence detector(HpLC-FLD).Matrix effects caused by coexistent chemicals on AA enantiomers analysis in ambient aerosol samples were investigated especially for those collected in pollution *** results revealed that the determination of AA enantiomers is significantly affected by the coexistent organic carbon(as a proxy of organic matter)and water-soluble ion of NH_(4)^(+).To remove the matrix effects,we applied a pretreatment using the solid phase extraction column coupled with alkaline adjustment to sample *** pretreatment,18 AAs including 6 pairs of D-and L-enantiomers(i.e.,leucine,isoleucine,valine,alanine,serine,and aspartic acid)can be successfully separated and quantified in aerosol samples by *** recoveries are in the range of 67%-106%.This method was successfully applied to the urban aerosol samples from pollution and non-pollution periods for AA enantiomers *** suggest that the concentrations of D-AAs and the ratio of D-AA/L-AA are indicative of the contribution of bacterial sources and the infuence of biomass burning.

关键词： Amino acid enantiomers Atmospheric aerosol Organic carbon Ammonia Chiral ratio

A review on the chemo-catalytic conversion of cellulose to bio-ethanol

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Green Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期5卷 276-289页

作者： Xiuzheng Zhuang Haiyong Wang Shugen Jiang Xiaohong Hu Tong Su Xinghua Zhang Longlong Ma Key Laboratory of energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Key Laboratory of Renewable energy Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuzhou Refrigeration Group Co.Ltd.

While the industry has produced sugar-derived ethanol from the conventional method of fermentation for hundreds of years, other effective routes involving the direct transformation of carbohydrates still remain extremely rare. Very recently, an innovative chemo-catalytic method driven by the aqueous-phase catalysis was created for the synthesis of cellulosic ethanol, making a great breakthrough in the common ways as it can theoretically utilize all of the carbon atoms in sugars with faster kinetics; up to now, results from the relevant studies have been accumulated to a certain extent, but the periodic conclusions in this field are unfortunately absent. For this reason,this work tries to offer an overview of the cellulosic ethanol produced by chemo-catalytic routes, highlighting the present knowledge in relation to the technical efficiency, catalytic mechanisms as well as practical applications. At first, the advanced progress on the increasing efficiency from a varied type of catalytic systems are extensively discussed, which involves the specific functions of hybrid components from different strategies; meanwhile, the general influences of processing conditions, such as the hydrothermal severity and aqueous environments, are also identified. Subsequently, possible mechanisms behind the chemo-catalytic processes are widely elaborated by analyzing a number of experimental cases associated with the reaction network and its kinetic models. After that,the actual effects of this technique on the real biomass are collected to identify the positive/negative interactions between multiple components, together with the potential solutions on the semi-continuous processes of pilot scale application. The techno-economic analysis(TEA) is also calculated and compared with other similar methods, such as fermentation and gasification. Finally, several proposals aimed at upgrading the whole chain of chemo-catalytic processes are clearly provided, which may function as a guideline f

关键词： Cellulosic ethanol Chemo-catalytic method Influencing factors Catalytic mechanism Techno-economic analysis

Distributed Hybrid Model predictive Secondary Control of DC Microgrids with Random Communication Disorders

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Journal of Modern power Systems and Clean energy 2024年第3期12卷 925-935页

作者： Meysam Yaribeygi Zeinab Karami Qobad Shafiee Hassan Bevrani the Department of Electrical Engineering K.N.Toosi University of TechnologyTehranIranand he is now with the Sportradar CompanyTrondheimNorway the Department of Engineering Cybernetics(ITK) Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)TrondheimNorway the Smart/Micro Grids Research Center Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of KurdistanSanandajIran

A reliable and robust communication network is essential to exchange information between distributed generators(DGs)and accurately calculate their control actions in microgrids(MGs).However,the integration of the communication network and MGs poses challenges related to the flexibility,availability,and reliability of the ***,random communication disorders such as time delays and packet loss can negatively impact the system ***,it is essential to design a suitable secondary controller(SC)with a fast dynamic response to restore voltage and appropriate powersharing,while ensuring that the effects of random communication disorders are *** this regard,an optimal distributed hybrid model predictive secondary control method is presented in this *** simulations are carried out in a mixed simulation environment based on MATLAB and OMNET++,by considering IEEE 802.11(Wi Fi)using the recently developed Internet networking(INET)*** the implemented application layer,the recovery Unit is responsible for reducing the impact of random communication *** effectiveness and performance of the proposed method in comparison with a conventional model predictive control are verified by simulation results.

关键词： Microgrid model predictive control random communication disorder secondary control

The difference of the ionomer–catalyst interfaces for poly(aryl piperidinium)hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells and proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6102-6110页

作者： Xuerui Liu Xingdong Wang Chanyu Zhang Yun Cai Bowen Chen Dongyue Xin Xiaoxiao Jin Wei Zhu Klaus Wippermann Hui Li Ruiyu Li Zhongbin Zhuang Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Research Institute of petroleum processing SINOPECBeijing 100083China DeepHytec Co. Ltd.Shenzhen 518118China Institute of energy and Climate Research(IEK-14) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52425Germany Beijing Key Laboratory of energy Environmental Catalysis Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

The microstructures of the ionomer–catalyst interfaces in the catalyst layers are important for the fuel cell performance because they determine the distribution of the active triple-phase ***,we investigate the ionomer–catalyst interactions in hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells(HEMFCs)using poly(aryl piperidinium)and compare them with proton exchange membrane fuel cells(pEMFCs).It is found that different catalyst layer microstructures are between the two types of fuel *** ionomer/carbon(I/C)ratio does not have a remarkable impact on the HEMFC performance,while it has a strong impact on the pEMFC performance,indicating the weaker interaction between the HEMFC ionomer and *** dynamics simulations demonstrate that the HEMFC ionomer tends to distribute on the carbon support,unlike the pEMFC ionomer,which heavily covers the pt *** results suggest that the poisoning effect of the ionomer on the catalyst is much weaker in HEMFCs,and the improved ionomer/catalyst interaction is beneficial for the HEMFC performances.

关键词： hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells catalysts ionomer oxygen reduction reaction interfaces

The Maxwell-Heaviside Equations Explained by the Theory of Informatons

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Journal of High energy physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第3期10卷 1003-1016页

作者： Antoine Acke Retired professor Kaho Sint-Lieven Now KU Leuven Faculty of Engineering Technology Ghent Campus Belgium

In the articles “Newtons Law of Universal Gravitation Explained by the Theory of Informatons” and “The Gravitational Interaction between Moving Mass particles Explained by the Theory of Informatons” the gravitational interaction has been explained by the hypothesis that information carried by informatons is the substance of gravitational fields, i.e. the medium that the interaction in question makes possible. From the idea that “information carried by informatons” is its substance, it has been deduced that—on the macroscopic level—a gravitational field manifests itself as a dual entity, always having a field- and an induction component (Egand Bg) simultaneously created by their common sources. In this article we will mathematically deduce the Maxwell-Heaviside equations from the kinematics of the informatons. These relations describe on the macroscopic level how a gravitational field (Eg, Bg) is generated by whether or not moving masses and how spatial and temporal changes of Egand Bgare related. We show that there is no causal link between Egand Bg.

关键词： Gravity Gravitational Field Maxwell Equations Informatons

Impact of Transition Metal Layer Vacancy on the Structure and performance of p2 Type Layered Sodium Cathode Material

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 340-358页

作者： Orynbay Zhanadilov Sourav Baiju Natalia Voronina Jun Ho Yu A.-Yeon Kim Hun‑Gi Jung Kyuwook Ihm Olivier Guillon payam Kaghazchi Seung‑Taek Myung Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering and Sejong Battery Institute Hybrid Materials Research CenterSejong University98 Gunja‑DongGwangjin‑GuSeoul 05006South Korea Institute of energy and Climate Research‑Materials Synthesis and processing(IEK‑1) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425 JülichGermany Center for energy Storage Research Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792South Korea KIST‑SKKU Carbon‑Neutral Research Center Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea Department of energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea pohang Accelerator Laboratory 80 Jigokro‑127‑BeongilNam‑GuPohangGyeongbuk 37673South Korea MESA+Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente7500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands

This study explores the impact of introducing vacancy in the transition metal layer of rationally designed Na_(0.6)[Ni_(0.3)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(NRM)cathode *** incorporation of Ru,Ni,and vacancy enhances the structural stability during extensive cycling,increases the operation voltage,and induces a capacity increase while also activating oxygen redox,respectively,in Na_(0.7)[Ni_(0.2)V_(Ni0.1)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(V-NRM)*** analytical techniques including transmission electron microscopy,X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy,operando X-ray diffraction,and operando differential electrochemical mass spectrometry are employed to assess changes in the average oxidation states and structural *** results demonstrate that V-NRM exhibits higher capacity than NRM and maintains a moderate capacity retention of 81%after 100 ***,the formation of additional lone-pair electrons in the O 2p orbital enables V-NRM to utilize more capacity from the oxygen redox validated by density functional calculation,leading to a widened dominance of the Op4 phase without releasing O_(2) *** findings offer valuable insights for the design of advanced high-capacity cathode materials with improved performance and sustainability in sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： Layered oxide Oxygen evolution Sodium battery Vacancy Cathode

Four-birds-with-one-stone:A multifunctional Ti-based material for solar-driven water evaporation

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4498-4506页

作者： Yannan Li Yaning Sun Dan Zhang Yu Xue Jie Wang Nan Zhang Jun Wang Jiangwei Zhang Yan Zhao Jun-Jie Liu School of physical Science and Technology College of Energy Materials and ChemistryInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China

Sustainable,environmentally friendly and low-energy desalination materials have important research value for the increasing demand of freshwater year by ***,it is a huge challenge to maintain high heat energy transfer efficiency without reducing the heat conversion capacity of specific solar photothermal conversion ***,their efficiency and durability are greatly limited by the problems of seawater corrosion,oil,and bacteria *** now,no related work has been reported to solve all the aforementioned problems via a simple four-birds-with-one-stone ***,a class of multifunctional porous photothermal silver(Ag)modified Ti foams(Tf-TA/Ag series materials)is prepared for the development of advanced solar water evaporation devices,and provides alternative materials for alleviating freshwater crisis and treating *** oil contact angle(OCA)changes from 41°to 180°,which significantly reduces the adhesion of *** addition,Tf-TA2/Ag sample also shows an excellent and sustained antibacterial effect,which maintains above 99.9%of antibacterial rate after repeated 5 *** surface temperature of the Tf-TA2/Ag sample reaches 52.5℃ after simulated sun irradiation for 20 min,which is significantly higher than that of the contact groups(water:36.4℃,Ti foam:38.2℃ and Tf-TA2:40.9℃).The capacity of seawater evaporation and salt removal is enhanced due to the excellent photothermal properties,low reflectance,and uniform heat dissipation *** water production efficiency of Tf-TA2/Ag sample is 1.41 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in artificial seawater and 0.76 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in oily sewage under simulated sun ***,the hydrophilic and oleophobic properties of Tf-TA2/Ag are critical to extracting water from oil/water mixture in diverse water ***,this four-birds-with-one-stone approach provides a new perspective for the improvement of solar seawater desalination performance.

关键词： four-birds-with-one-stone photothermal material antibacterial material antifouling property

The Gravitational Interaction between Moving Mass particles Explained by the Theory of Informatons

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Journal of High energy physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第3期10卷 986-1002页

作者： Antoine Acke Retired professor Kaho Sint-Lieven Now Faculty of Engineering Technology KU Leuven Ghent Campus Gent Belgium

In the article “Newtons Law of Universal Gravitation Explained by the Theory of Informatons” the gravitational interaction between mass particles at rest has been explained by the hypothesis that g-information carried by informatons is the substance of the medium that the interaction in question makes possible. It has been showed that, on the macroscopic level, that medium—the “gravitational field”—manifests itself as the vector field Eg. In this article we will deduce from the postulate of the emission of informatons, that the informatons emitted by a moving mass particle carry not only information about the position (g-information) but also about the velocity (“β-information”) of their emitter. It follows that the gravitational field of a moving mass particle is a dual entity always having a field- and an induction-component (Egand Bg) simultaneously created by their common sources: time-variable masses and mass flows and that the gravitational interaction is the effect of the fact that an object in a gravitational field always tends to become “blind” for that field by accelerating according to a Lorentz-like law.

关键词： Gravity Gravitational Field Gravitational Interaction Informatons

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation Explained by the Theory of Informatons

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Journal of High energy physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2024年第3期10卷 918-929页

作者： Antoine Acke Retired professor Kaho Sint-Lieven Now Faculty of Engineering Technology KU Leuven Ghent Campus Gent Belgium

In the context of classical physics, Newton’s law of universal gravitation describes the attraction between two mass particles separated in space. In the same context a vector field Eg, that is not associated with anything substantial, has been introduced as the entity that mediates in the gravitational interactions. In this article, we will show that Egis the mathematical quantity that—at the macroscopic level—fully characterizes the medium that makes the interaction between particles at rest possible. We identify that medium as “the gravitational field”. To define the nature of the gravitational field, we will start from the hypothesis that a material object manifests itself in space by the emission—at a rate proportional to its rest mass—of mass and energy less granular entities that—relative to an inertial reference frame—are rushing away with the speed of light and that are carriers of information referring to the position of their emitter (“g-information”). Because they transport nothing else than information, we call these entities “informatons”. We will show that the expanding cloud of g-information created by the continuous emission of informatons by a mass particle at rest can be fully characterized by the vector field Eg, which implies that that cloud can be identified as the gravitational field of the particle. We will also show that the gravitational interaction between mass particles can be explained as the response of a particle to the disturbance of the symmetry of its “proper” gravitational field by the field that, in its direct vicinity, is created and maintained by other mass particles.

关键词： Gravity Gravitational Field Gravitational Interaction Informatons