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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1033-1050页

作者： T.I.TOLUWALOJU C.K.THEIN D.HALIM Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315048Zhejiang ProvinceChina

The levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped system attains near resonant vibration isolation by differential preloads/offsets in linear *** takes the advantages of both the preloads/offsets in linear springs and the guiderail friction for realizing different levels of vibration *** isolation capacities are investigated on the strategies with both the horizontal and vertical guiderails,with the horizontal rail only,and without *** compressive preloads generally result in the consumption of most of the initial excitation energy so as to overcome the potential *** isolation onsets at the frequency ratio of 1∓0.095 on the left-hand side(LHS)and the right-hand side(RHS)of the lever are relative to the load plate *** observed near resonant isolation thus makes the LEDAR system a candidate for the isolation of the mechanical systems about resonance while opening a path for simultaneous harvesterisolation functions and passive functions at extreme frequencies.

关键词： lever ratio Coulomb damping preload tension/compression isolation band/depth offset potential

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Electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction to C_(2)H_(4): From lab to fab

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 540-564,I0012页

作者： Zeyu Guo Fabao Yang Xiaotong Li Huiwen Zhu Hainam Do Kam Loon Fow Jonathan D.Hirst Tao Wu Qiulin Ye Yaqi Peng Hao Bin Wu Angjian Wu Mengxia Xu Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering and New Materials InstituteUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina Key Laboratory of Carbonaceous Waste Processing and Process Intensification of Zhejiang Province University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100ZhejiangChina State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Department of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027ZhejiangChina institute for Composites Science Innovation(InCSI)and State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027ZhejiangChina School of Chemistry University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK Baima Lake Laboratory Hangzhou 310053ZhejiangChina

The global concerns of energy crisis and climate change,primarily caused by carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),are of utmost ***,the electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to high value-added multi-carbon(C_(2+)) products driven by renewable electricity has emerged as a highly promising solution to alleviate energy shortages and achieve carbon *** these C_(2+) products,ethylene(C_(2)H_(4))holds particular importance in the petrochemical ***,this review aims to establish a connection between the fundamentals of electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction to ethylene(CO_(2)RRto-C_(2)H_(4)) in laboratory-scale research(lab) and its potential applications in industrial-level fabrication(fab).The review begins by summarizing the fundamental aspects,including the design strategies of high-performance Cu-based electrocatalysts and advanced electrolyzer ***,innovative and value-added techniques are presented to address the inherent challenges encountered during the implementations of CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) in industrial ***,case studies of the technoeconomic analysis of the CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) process are discussed,taking into factors such as costeffectiveness,scalability,and market *** review concludes by outlining the perspectives and challenges associated with scaling up the CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) *** insights presented in this review are expected to make a valuable contribution in advancing the CO_(2)RR-to-C_(2)H_(4) process from lab to fab.

关键词： CO_(2) electroreduction reaction Ethylene Gas diffusion electrode Machine learning Density functional theory Techno-economic analysis

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Sustained adenosine release:Revealing its impact on osteogenic signalling pathways of human mesenchymal stromal cells

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Engineered Regeneration

Engineered Regeneration 2024年第2期5卷 255-268页

作者： Hadi Hajiali Jane McLaren Cristina Gonzalez-García Salah Abdelrazig Dong-Hyun Kim Matthew J.Dalby Manuel Salmerón-Sánchez Felicity R.A.J.Rose School of Pharmacy Nottingham Biodiscovery InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Healthcare Technologies institute School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Centre for Analytical Bioscience Advanced Materials&Healthcare Technologies DivisionSchool of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Marine Microbiomics Program in BiologyDivision of Science and MathematicsNew York University Abu Dhabi(NYUAD)P.O.Box 129188Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Non-healing fractures,a global health concern arising from trauma,osteoporosis,and tumours,can lead to severe ***,integral to cellular energy metabolism,gains prominence in bone regeneration via adeno-sine A2 B receptor *** study introduces a controlled-release system for localized adenosine delivery,fostering human mesenchymal stromal cell(hMSC)differentiation into functional bone *** study investi-gates how the ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid in microparticles can influence adenosine release and explores the downstream effects on gene expression and metabolic profiles of osteogenic differentiation in hMSCs cultured in growth and osteoinductive *** into adenosine-modulated signalling pathways during MSC differenti-ation,with osteogenic factors,provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathways *** gene expression and metabolic profiles unravels adenosine’s regulatory mechanisms in MSC *** adenosine release from microparticles induces mineralization,synergizing with osteogenic media supplements,showcasing the potential of adenosine for treating critical bone defects and metabolic *** study high-lights the efficacy of a polymeric microparticle-based delivery system,offering novel strategies for bone *** adenosine’s roles and associated signalling pathways advances our comprehension of molecular mech-anisms steering bone regeneration,propelling innovative biomaterial,combined with metabolites,approaches for clinical use.

关键词： Adenosine release Osteogenic signalling pathways Human mesenchymal stromal cells Bone regeneration

A double-layer radiative cooling coating that utilizes the refractive index difference between layers to achieve extremely high solar reflectivity

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3182-3189页

作者： WANG FuQiang LI ChunZhe YANG ZhenNing XIE WeiXin LI Xiang XU ZengHui YAN YuYing CHENG ZiMing School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology School of New Energy Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai China Construction Eco-Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd. Faculty of Engineering University of Nottingham

Passive daytime radiative cooling（PDRC） technology has great potential in reducing cooling energy consumption. In order to further improve the spectral performance of PDRC coatings, current researchers mostly focus on the selection and size design of functional particles, while ignoring the optical properties enhancement effect caused by the interlayer binder. In this study, based on the principle that the refractive index difference between layers enhanced the backscattering performance of the solar spectrum, we proposed and manufactured a double-layer PDRC coating with polyvinylidene difluoride（PVDF） as the filmforming material in the upper layer and polydimethylsiloxane（PDMS） as the film-forming material in the lower layer, both filled with Al2O3and SiO2particles. The double-layer PDRC coating exhibited excellent spectral performance that a high solar reflectivity of 98% and an emissivity of 0.95 at the “atmospheric window” band. In comparison, the solar spectrum reflectivity of the single-layer PDRC coatings based on PVDF and PDMS of the same thickness was 95% and 94.7%, respectively. Outdoor tests showed that the PDRC coating achieved a temperature decrease of up to 7.1℃ under direct sunlight at noon time. In addition, the PDRC coating had excellent weather resistance, water resistance, and other basic properties. This article opens up a new idea and provides methodological guidance for the design of double-layer PDRC coatings.

关键词： double-layer radiative cooling coating spectral modulation interlayer refractive index solar energy radiative transfer

Application of artifcial intelligence in cataract management:current and future directions

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Eye and Vision 2024年第1期10卷 21-30页

作者： Laura Gutierrez Jane Sujuan Lim Li Lian Foo Wei Yan Ng Michelle Yip Gilbert Yong San Lim Melissa Hsing Yi Wong Allan Fong Mohamad Rosman Jodhbir Singth Mehta Haotian Lin Darren Shu Jeng Ting Daniel Shu Wei Ting Singapore Eye Research institute SingaporeSingapore Singapore National Eye Center 11 Third Hospital AvenueSingapore 168751Singapore Academic Ophthalmology School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yet Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina

The rise of artifcial intelligence(AI)has brought breakthroughs in many areas of *** ophthalmology,AI has delivered robust results in the screening and detection of diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,glaucoma,and retinopathy of *** management is another feld that can beneft from greater AI *** is the leading cause of reversible visual impairment with a rising global clinical *** diagnosis,monitoring,and surgical management are necessary to address this *** addition,patients in large developing countries often sufer from limited access to tertiary care,a problem further exacerbated by the ongoing COVID-19 *** on the other hand,can help transform cataract management by improving automation,efcacy and overcoming geographical ***,AI can be applied as a telediagnostic platform to screen and diagnose patients with cataract using slit-lamp and fundus *** utilizes a deep-learning,convolutional neural network(CNN)to detect and classify referable cataracts ***,some of the latest intraocular lens formulas have used AI to enhance prediction accuracy,achieving superior postoperative refractive results compared to traditional ***,AI can be used to augment cataract surgical skill training by identifying diferent phases of cataract surgery on video and to optimize operating theater workfows by accurately predicting the duration of surgical ***,some AI CNN models are able to efectively predict the progression of posterior capsule opacifcation and eventual need for YAG laser *** advances in AI could transform cataract management and enable delivery of efcient ophthalmic *** key challenges include ethical management of data,ensuring data security and privacy,demonstrating clinically acceptable performance,improving the generalizability of AI models across heterogeneous populations,and improving the trust of e

关键词： Artifcial intelligence Telemedicine Cataract Cataract screening Cataract surgery IOL calculations Biometry Machine learning

Experimental Study on Impingement Processes of Fuel Sprays on Biomimetic Structured Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 362-373页

作者： Yanling Chen Liang Guo Wanchen Sun Yuying Yan Rong Xuan Junfeng Zhang State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China Faculty of Engineering University of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK

To improve the controllability of the wall-wetting process after the fuel spray-wall impingement in internal combustion engines,the methods of laser etching,chemical etching and surface free energy modification are used to prepare biomimetic structured surfaces with different *** impingement processes of diesel and n-butanol sprays on the walls under different conditions are experimentally *** the surface oleophilicity increases,the spreading radius of wall-impinging sprays *** about 5 s after the fuel injections,the fuel spray droplets hit the walls for the first time,and the secondary breakup and rebound *** mixture concentrations of different fuels hitting the various walls reach the peak *** a higher surface temperature,the peak value of the mixture concentration is mainly related to the heat flux to the fuel droplets in different boiling regimes from the metal *** concentration of the air–fuel mixture in the near wall region increases with increasing surface oleophilicity,increasing wall temperature and decreasing ambient *** with diesel,n-butanol presents a higher air–fuel mixture concentration in the near wall region.

关键词： Spray-wall impingement Morphological development Air-fuel mixture concentration Surface wettability Wall temperature:Ambient pressure

Dual-symmetry-perturbed all-dielectric resonant metasurfaces for high-Q perfect light absorption

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 200-206页

作者：葛俊洋高一骁徐雷周宁沈祥 Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices Research Institute of Advanced TechnologiesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province Ningbo 315211China Advanced Optics&Photonics Laboratory Department of EngineeringSchool of Science and TechnologyNottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Ningbo institute of Oceanography Ningbo 315832China

We demonstrate a high-Q perfect light absorber based on all-dielectric doubly-resonant *** bound states in the continuum(BICs)protected by different symmetries,we manage to independently manipulate the Q factors of the two degenerate quasi-BICs through dual-symmetry perturbations,achieving precise matching of the radiative and nonradiative Q factors for degenerate critical *** achieve a narrowband light absorption with a>600 Q factor and a>99%absorptance atλ_(0)=1550 nm on an asymmetric germanium metasurface with a 0.2λ_(0)*** work provides a new strategy for engineering multiresonant metasurfaces for narrowband light absorption and nonlinear applications.

关键词： resonant metasurface perfect light absorption bound states in the continuum

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Improved Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Tile-Nanostructure for Wireless Human Health Monitor

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 386-395页

作者： Huamin Chen Shujun Guo Shaochun Zhang Yu Xiao Wei Yang Zhaoyang Sun Xu Cai Run Fang Huining Wang Yun Xu Jun Wang Zhou Li Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials Minjiang University Beijing institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key Laboratory of Inorganic Stretchable and Flexible Information Technology Faculty of Science and Engineering The University of Nottingham Ningbo China

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENCs) have emerged as promising candidates for integrating with flexible electronics as self-powered systems owing to their intrinsic flexibility,biocompatibility,and *** this study,an improved flexible TENC with a tile-nanostructured MXene/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composite electrode (MP-TENC) is proposed for use in wireless human health monitor.

关键词： flexible electrode MXene tile nanostructure triboelectric nanogenerator wireless monitor

Prehospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for ultra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- controlled ambulance trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Philip Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankolekar Lesley Cala Mark Dixon Timothy J England Kailash Krishnan Grant Mair Keith W Muir John Potter Christopher I Price Marc Randall Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe Else C Sandset Jeffrey L Saver Angela Shone Aloysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK institute of Applied HealthResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trials Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Faculty of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George institute China at Peking University Health Science Center BeijingChina Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midlands Ambulance Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK institute of Neurology and Psychology University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Building University of East AngliaNorwichUK institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Development Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Health Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodilator)on clinical outcome when administered before hospital admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial-2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambulance-based multicentre sham-controlled blinded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scale(mRS)at day *** outcomes included death;a global analysis(Wei-Lachin test)containing Barthel Index,EuroQol-5D,mRS,telephone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scale;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frailty’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Glasgow Coma Scale 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frailty’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not influence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disability 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or global analysis(MWD 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup analyses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ultra-acute administration of transdermal GTN in the ambulance did not improve clinical outcomes in a population with more clinical and radiological frailty than seen in previous in-hospital *** IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transdermal glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with less death and dependency in those w

关键词： Glasgow nitrate random

Siliceous mesocellular foam supported Cu catalysts for promoting non-thermal plasma activated CO_(2) hydrogenation toward methanol synthesis

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 55-65页

作者： Yi Chen Shaowei Chen Yan Shao Cui Quan Ningbo Gao Xiaolei Fan Huanhao Chen State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Department of Chemical Engineering School of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315048China institute of Wenzhou Zhejiang UniversityWenzhou 325006China

Electrified non-thermal plasma (NTP) catalytic hydrogenation is the promising alternative to the thermal counterparts, being able to be operated under mild conditions and compatible with green electricity/hydrogen. Rational design of the catalysts for such NTP-catalytic systems is one of the keys to improve the process efficiency. Here, we present the development of siliceous mesocellular foam (MCF) supported Cu catalysts for NTP-catalytic CO_(2) hydrogenation to methanol. The findings show that the pristine MCF support with high specific surface area and large mesopore of 784 m2·g−1 and ~8.5 nm could promote the plasma discharging and the diffusion of species through its framework, outperforming other control porous materials (viz., silicalite-1, SiO_(2), and SBA-15). Compared to the NTP system employing the bare MCF, the inclusion of Cu and Zn in MCF (i.e., Cu1Zn1/MCF) promoted the methanol formation of the NTP-catalytic system with a higher space-time yield of methanol at ~275 μmol·g_(cat)^(−1)·h^(−1) and a lower energy consumption of 26.4 kJ^(−1)·mmol_(CH_(3)OH)^(-1) (conversely, ~225 μmol·g_(cat)^(−1)·h^(−1) and ~71 kJ^(−1)·mmol_(CH_(3)OH)^(-1), respectively, for the bare MCF system at 10.1 kV). The findings suggest that inclusion of active metal sites (especially Zn species) could stabilize the CO_(2)/CO-related intermediates to facilitate the surface reaction toward methanol formation.

关键词： non-thermal plasma(NTP)catalysis Cu catalyst CO_(2)hydrogenation methanol siliceous mesocellular foam(MCF)