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Actions speak louder than louds,but words are a start!

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2019年第1期7卷 36-38页

作者： Amanda Howe norwich medical school University of East AngliaNorwichUK

Any major conference is a huge amount of work,and takes years of effort on the part of *** the meeting finally occurs,those who have led the process are always hoping that the event itself will be a success-and that it will leave a *** participants,this legacy is often of exciting places,new people,new ideas and new *** those who lead,it may also be a chance to make a major impression-on their own country and its leaders,as well as those who visit from *** it is a chance to bring together key strategic messages,to emphasise these in a powerful collective setting.

关键词： speak collective finally

A critical review of national physical activity policies relating to children and young people in England

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第3期10卷 255-262,F0003页

作者： Anna Chalkley Karen Milton school of Sport Exercise and Health SciencesLoughborough UniversityLoughborough LE113TUUK norwich medical school University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK

Background:There has been an increasing focus on the importance of national policy to address population levels of physical *** has been suggested that the 4 cornerstones of policy comprise(1)national guidelines on physical activity(PA),(2)setting population goals and targets,(3)surveillance or health-monitoring systems,and(4)public *** current study aimed to review the policy actions that have addressed each of these elements for children and youth in England and to identify areas of progress and remaining ***:A literature search was undertaken to identify past and present documents relevant to PA policy for children and youth in *** document was analyzed to identify content relevant to the 4 cornerstones of ***:Physical activity guidelines(Cornerstone 1)for children and youth have been in place since 1998 and reviewed *** activity targets(Cornerstone 2)have focussed on the provision of opportunities for PA,mainly through physical education in schools rather than in relation to the proportion of children meeting recommended PA *** has been much surveillance(Cornerstone 3)of children’s PA,but this has been undertaken infrequently over time and with varying inclusions of differing domains of *** has been only 1 campaign(Cornerstone 4)that targeted children and their intermediaries,Change4Life,which was an obesity campaign focussing on dietary behavior in combination with *** recently,a government infographic supporting the PA guidelines for children and young people was developed,but details of its dissemination and usage are ***:There have been many developments in national PA policy in England targeted to children and young *** area of most significant progress is national PA *** prevalence targets,streamlining surveillance systems,and investing in public education with supportive policies,environments,and opportunities would st

关键词： Physical activity Policy Public education Recommendations Surveillance

Species diversity in restoration plantings: Important factors for increasing the diversity of threatened tree species in the restoration of the Araucaria forest ecosystem

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Plant Diversity 2019年第2期41卷 84-93页

作者： Taylor E.Shaw school of Biological Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park

The Araucaria forest ecosystem in southern Brazil is highly threatened: less than one percent of the original forest remains, and what is left is a fragmented agro-mosaic of mostly early-to-late secondary forest patches among high-yield agriculture and timber monocultures. Forest restoration initiatives in this region aim to restore degraded areas, however the limited number of species used in restoration projects represents a missed opportunity for species-rich plantings. High diversity plantings represent a larger number of functional groups and provide a targeted conservation strategy for the high number of threatened species within this ecosystem. This study interviewed nurseries(Ns) and restoration practitioners(RPs) in Parana and Santa Catarina states to identify what species are being cultivated and planted, and what factors are driving the species selection process. An average of 20 species were reportedly used in restoration plantings, most of which are common, widespread species. Baseline data confirms that Ns and RPs have disproportionately low occurrences of threatened species in their inventories and plantings, supporting findings from previous research. Questionnaire responses reveal that opportunities for seed acquisition are an extremely important factor in order for nurseries to increase their diversity of cultivated species. Results also suggest that facilitating speciesrich plantings for restoration practitioners would only be feasible if it did not increase the time required to complete planting projects, as it would minimize their ability to keep costs low. This study proposes solutions for increasing the number of species used in restoration practicedsuch as developing a comprehensive species list, fostering knowledge-sharing between actors, creating seed sharing programs, and increasing coordination of planting projects. Long-term strategies involve complimenting traditional ex situ approaches with emerging inter-situ and quasi in situ conserv

关键词： Restoration Araucaria forest Threatened species Nurseries Restoration practitioners Decision-making

Patient reported outcome measures in anterior cruciate ligament rupture and reconstruction:The significance of outcome score prediction

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第30期10卷 10939-10955页

作者： Oday Al-Dadah Lee Shepstone Simon T Donell Translational and Clinical Research Institute Faculty of Medical SciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle-upon-Tyne NE24HHTyne and WearUnited Kingdom Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery South Tyneside District HospitalSouth Shields NE340PLTyne and WearUnited Kingdom Department of medical Statistics Norwich Medical SchoolUniversity of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJNorfolkUnited Kingdom norwich medical school University of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJNorfolkUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Numerous anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) clinical outcome measures ***,the result of one score does not equate to the findings of another even when evaluating the same patient *** To investigate if statistically derived formulae can be used to predict the outcome of one knee scoring system when the result of another is known in patients with ACL rupture before and after *** Fifty patients with ACL rupture were evaluated using nine clinical outcome *** included Tegner Activity Score,Lysholm Knee Score,Cincinnati Knee Score,International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC) Objective Knee Score,Tapper and Hoover Meniscal Grading Score,IKDC Subjective Knee Score,Knee Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living Scale(KOS-ADLS),Short Form-12 Item Health Survey and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome *** patients underwent an ACL reconstruction and were reassessed *** The mean total of each of the nine outcome scores appreciably differed from each *** correlations and regressions were found between most of the outcome scores and were stronger *** strongest correlation was found between Cincinnati and KOS-ADLS (r=0.91,P<0.001).The strongest regression formula was also found between Cincinnati and KOS-ADLS (R~2=0.84,P<0.001).CONCLUSION The formulae produced from this study can be used to predict the outcome of one knee score when the results of the other are *** formulae could facilitate the conduct of systematic reviews and meta-analysis in studies relating to ACL injuries by allowing the pooling of substantially more data.

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament Prediction Regression Correlation Patient reported outcome measures Reconstruction Rupture

Maternal smoking status during pregnancy and low birth weight in offspring:systematic review and meta-analysis of 55 cohort studies published from 1986 to 2020

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第3期18卷 176-185页

作者： Hong-Kun Di Yong Gan Kai Lu Chao Wang Yi Zhu Xin Meng Wen-Qi Xia Min-Zhi Xu Jing Feng Qing-Feng Tian Yan He Zhi-Qiang Nie Jun-An Liu Fu-Jian Song Zu-Xun Lu Department of Social Medicine and Health Management School of Public HealthTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyNo.13 Hangkong RoadWuhan 430030HubeiChina Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubeiChina school of Public Health Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina norwich medical school Faculty of Medicine and Health ScienceUniversity of East AngliaNorwich NR47TJUK

Background Maternal smoking during pregnancy may be associated with low birth weight(LBW)in offspring and global risk estimates have not been summarized *** aimed to systematically explore evidence regarding maternal smoking and the LBW risk in offspring globally and examine possible causes of heterogeneity across relevant *** Comprehensive search of PubMed,Ovid Embase,Ovid Medline(R),and Web of science from inception until October 2021 was carried out.A random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled odds ratio(OR)and corresponding 95%confidence interval(CI).Restricted cubic spline analysis with three knots was used to further examine the dose-response *** Literature searches yielded 4940 articles,of which 53 met inclusion criteria(comprising 55 independent studies).Maternal smoking during pregnancy was significantly associated with the risk of LBW in offspring(OR=1.89,95%CI=1.80-1.98).Furthermore,an obvious dose-response relationship between the amount of cigarettes daily smoked in pregnancy and the risk of LBW in offspring was *** results of subgroup analyses indicated that the risk of maternal smoking on LBW was larger in more recently conducted studies(P=0.020)and longer period of active smoking during pregnancy(P=0.002).No evidence of publication bias was *** In summary,maternal smoking in pregnancy was significantly associated with a higher risk of LBW in offspring on a global *** risk of maternal smoking on infant LBW seems to be increasing over time,and was higher with longer smoking duration throughout pregnancy and more cigarettes smoked daily.

关键词： Low birth weight Maternal smoking Meta-analysis Pregnancy

Multifunctional quantum dots and liposome complexes in drug delivery

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2018年第2期32卷 91-106页

作者： Qi Wang Yimin Chao school of Medicine University of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR4 7UQUK school of Chemistry University of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR4 7UQUK

Incorporating both diagnostic and therapeutic functions into a single nanoscale system is an effective modern drug delivery strategy. Combining liposomes with semiconductor quantum dots（QDs） has great potential to achieve such dual functions, referred to in this review as a liposomal QD hybrid system（L-QD）. Here we review the recent literature dealing with the design and application of L-QD for advances in bio-imaging and drug delivery. After a summary of L-QD synthesis processes and evaluation of their properties, we will focus on their multifunctional applications, ranging from in vitro cell imaging to theranostic drug delivery approaches.

关键词： liposomes quantum dots nanomedicine drug delivery

Do statins reduce mortality in older people?Findings from a longitudinal study using primary care records

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2021年第2期9卷 31-39页

作者： Lisanne Andra Gitsels Ilyas Bakbergenuly Nicholas Steel Elena Kulinskaya Population Policy and Practice Research and Teaching DepartmentGreat Ormond Street Institute of Child HealthUniversity College LondonLondonUK school of Computing Sciences University of East AngliaNorwichUK norwich medical school University of East AngliaNorwichUK

Objective Assess whether statins reduce mortality in the general population aged 60 years and *** Retrospective cohort *** Primary care practices contributing to The Health Improvement Network database,England and Wales,*** Cohort who turned age 60 between 1990 and 2000 with no previous cardiovascular disease or statin prescription and followed up until *** Current statin prescription was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality from age 65 years onward,with greater reductions seen at older *** adjusted HRs of mortality associated with statin prescription at ages 65,70,75,80 and 85 years were 0.76(95%CI 0.71 to 0.81),0.71(95%CI 0.68 to 0.75),0.68(95%CI 0.65 to 0.72),0.63(95%CI 0.53 to 0.73)and 0.54(95%CI 0.33 to 0.92),*** adjusted HRs did not vary by sex or cardiac *** Using regularly updated clinical information on sequential treatment decisions in older people,mortality predictions were updated every 6 months until age 85 years in a combined primary and secondary prevention *** consistent mortality reduction of statins from age 65 years onward supports their use where clinically indicated at age 75 and older,where there has been particular uncertainty of the benefits.

关键词： mortality prescription prevention

Let’s get moving:The Global Status Report on Physical Activity 2022 calls for urgent action

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 5-6页

作者： Karen Milton Sjaan R.Gomersall Jasper Schipperijn norwich medical school University of East AngliaNorwichNR47TJUK school of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences and school of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics University of Southern DenmarkOdense 5230Denmark

Physical activity has many benefits for individual health and well-being,including a reduced risk of noncommunicable diseases,as well as improved mental health,sleep,and cognitive function.1 Being physically active also has broader social and environmental benefits and has a key role to play in achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.2,3 However,over 80%of adolescents and around a quarter of adults are insufficiently active and these figures have remained largely unchanged for the past 20 years.4,5 A recent economic analysis estimated that the total cost of inactive lifestyles equates to USD 27 billion(INT 48 billion)annually.

关键词： diseases annually unchanged

Effect of high-intensity interval training in adolescents with asthma:The eXercise for Asthma with Commando Joe’s^(■)(X4ACJ)trial

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第4期10卷 488-498页

作者： Charles O.N.Winn Kelly A.Mackintosh William T.B.Eddolls Gareth Stratton Andrew M.Wilson Melitta A.McNarry Gwyneth A.Davies Swansea University medical school Singleton CampusSwansea UniversitySwansea SA28PPUK Applied Sports Technology Exercise and Medicine(A-STEM)Research CentreCollege of EngineeringBay CampusSwansea UniversitySwansea SA18ENUK norwich medical school University of East AngliaNorwichEngland NR47TJUK

Background:Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with reduced asthma severity and increased quality of life in those with ***,the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-month high-intensity interval training(HIIT)intervention in adolescents with and without ***:A total of 616 adolescents(334 boys;13.0±1.1 years,1.57±0.10 m,52.6±12.9 kg,mean±SD),including 155 with asthma(78 boys),were recruited as part of a randomized controlled trial from 5 schools(4 control and 1 intervention).The 221 intervention participants(116 boys;47 asthma)completed 6 months of school-based HIIT(30 min,3 times per week,10-30 s bouts at>90%age-predicted maximum heart rate with equal rest).At baseline,mid-intervention,post-intervention,and 3-month follow-up,measurements for 20-m shuttle run,body mass index(BMI),lung function,Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory,Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire,and Asthma Control Questionnaire were ***,69 adolescents(39 boys(of the 36 with asthma there were 21 boys))also completed an incremental ramp *** analysis,each group’s data(intervention and control)were divided into those with and without ***:Participants with asthma did not differ from their peers in any parameter of aerobic fitness,at any time-point,but were characterized by a greater *** intervention elicited a significant improvement in maximal aerobic fitness but no change in sub-maximal parameters of aerobic fitness,lung function,or quality of life irrespective of asthma *** in the intervention group maintained their BMI,whereas BMI significantly increased in the control group throughout the 6-month ***:HIIT represents an effective tool for improving aerobic fitness and maintaining BMI in adolescents,irrespective of asthma *** was well-tolerated by those with asthma,who evidenced a similar aerobic fitness to their healthy peers and responded equally

关键词： Body mass index Cardiorespiratory fitness Intermittent exercise Intervention Quality of life