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Psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy:population co-occurrence,genetic correlations and causal effects

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 103-111页

作者： Viktor H Ahlqvist Christina Dardani Paul Madley-Dowd Harriet Forbes Jessica Rast Caichen Zhong Renee M Gardner Christina Dalman Kristen Lyal cRAIG Newschaffer Torbjorn Tomson Michael Lundberg Daniel Berglind Neil M Davies Brian K Lee Cecilia Magnusson Dheeraj Rai Department of Global Public Health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Centre for Academic Mental Health Population Health SciencesBristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUK Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonUK A.J.Drexel Autism Institute Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA College of Health and Human Development Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine Region StockholmStockholmSweden K.G Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology Department of Public Health and NursingNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway Division of Psychiatry University Collge LondonLondonUK Department of Statistical sciences University Cllge LondonLondonK NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University of BristoBristolUK Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Mental Health TrustBristolUK

Background Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** for the co-occurrence of psychiatric conditions and epilepsy remain poorly *** We aimed to triangulate the relationship between epilepsy and psychiatric conditions to determine the extent and possible origins of these *** Using nationwide Swedish health registries,we quantified the lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with *** then used summarydata from genome-wide association studies to investigate whether the identified observational associations could be attributed to a shared underlying genetic aetiology using cross-trait linkage disequilibrium score ***,we assessed the potential bidirectional relationships using two-sample Mendelian *** In a cohort of 7628495 individuals,we found that almost half of the 94435 individuals diagnosed with epilepsy were also diagnosed with a psychiatric condition in their lifetime(adjusted lifetime prevalence,44.09%;95%confidence interval(Cl)43.78%to 44.39%).We found evidence for a genetic correlation between epilepsy and some neurodevelopmental and psychiatric *** example,we observed a genetic correlation between epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(r,=0.18,95%Cl 0.09 to 0.27,p<0.001)—a correlation that was more pronounced in focal epilepsy(r=0.23,95%CI 0.09 to 0.36,p<0.001).Findings from Mendelian randomisation using common genetic variants did not support bidirectional effects between epilepsy and neurodevelopmental or psychiatric *** Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with *** correlations may partially explain some comorbidities;however,there is little evidence of a bidirectional relationship between the genetic liability of epilepsy and psychiatric *** findings highlight the need to understand the role of environmental factors or rare genetic variations in the origins of psy

关键词： epilepsy Psychiat lifetime

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超耐用疏冰涂层的制备及性能研究

science China Materials 2023年第5期66卷 2071-2078页

作者：卓毅智 Verner Håkonsen 刘思琪李彤王锋罗四海肖森波何健英张志良 Nanomechanical Lab Department of Structural EngineeringNorwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Trondheim 7491Norway NanoLab Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Trondheim 7491Norway Ningbo Institute of Materials technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Department of Chemistry Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)Trondheim 7491Norway Institute of Solid State Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

被动疏冰涂层作为一种新形防除冰方法,拥有环境友好、耗能低、经济等优势,因此在过去十几年来被广泛研究.但是,目前的主动疏冰涂层仍存在疏冰性与耐久性难以兼容的问题.本文设计了一种兼具高韧性、强基底粘附力和自愈合能力的透明疏冰涂... 详细信息

被动疏冰涂层作为一种新形防除冰方法,拥有环境友好、耗能低、经济等优势,因此在过去十几年来被广泛研究.但是,目前的主动疏冰涂层仍存在疏冰性与耐久性难以兼容的问题.本文设计了一种兼具高韧性、强基底粘附力和自愈合能力的透明疏冰涂层.涂层具有疏水性、光滑表面及低模量,保障了涂层的低冰粘附强度.通过引入类海绵结构,冰粘附强度可降低至26.7±1.1 kPa.涂层高分子网络的多重氢键赋予其高韧性、强基底粘附力和自愈合能力.因此,涂层在35次结冰/除冰循环和600次机械磨损之后能避免涂层剥离并保持疏冰性,且能愈合机械磨损恢复其疏冰性.另外,涂层在海水及近北极气候暴露8个月后仍能保持良好的疏冰性.该工作为耐久性疏冰涂层的设计提供了一种新思路.

关键词： robust icephobic adhesion toughness self-healing

Techno-economical evaluation of membrane based biogas upgrading system:A comparison between polymeric membrane and carbon membrane technology

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Green Energy & Environment 2016年第3期1卷 222-234页

作者： Shamim Haider Arne Lindbrathen May-Britt Hagg norwegian university of science and technology NTNU Department of Chemical Engineering

A shift to renewable energy sources will reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and secure future energy supplies. In this context, utilization of biogas will play a prominent role. Focus of this work is upgrading of biogas to fuel quality by membrane separation using a carbon hollow fibre(CHF) membrane and compare with a commercially available polymeric membrane(polyimide) through economical assessment. CHF membrane modules were prepared for pilot plant testing and performance measured using CO_2, O_2, N_2. The CHF membrane was modified through oxidation, chemical vapour deposition(CVD) and reduction process thus tailoring pores for separation and increased performance. The post oxidized and reduced carbon hollow fibres(PORCHFs) significantly exceeded CHF performance showing higher CO_2 permeance(0.021 m^3(STP)/m^2 h bar) and CO_2/CH_4 selectivity of 246(5 bar feed vs 50 mbar permeate pressure). The highest performance recorded through experiments(CHF and PORCHF) was used as simulation basis. A membrane simulation model was used and interfaced to 8.6 V Aspen HYSYS.A 300 Nm^3/h mixture of CO_2/CH_4 containing 30-50% CO_2 at feed pressures 6, 8 and 10 bar, was simulated and process designed to recover99.5% CH_4 with 97.5% purity. Net present value(NPV) was calculated for base case and optimal pressure(50 bar for CHF and PORCHF). The results indicated that recycle ratio(recycle/feed) ranged from 0.2 to 10, specific energy from 0.15 to 0.8(kW/Nm^3 feed) and specific membrane area from 45 to 4700(m^2/Nm^3 feed). The high recycle ratio can create problems during start-up, as it would take long to adjust volumetric flow ratio towards 10. The best membrane separation system employs a three-stage system with polyimide at 10 bar, and a two-stage membrane system with PORCHF membranes at 50 bar with recycle. Considering biomethane price of 0.78 $/Nm^3 and a lifetime of 15 years, the technoeconomic analysis showed that payback time for the best cascade is 1.6 months.

关键词： Carbon membrane Biogas upgrading Techno-economical analysis NPV calculations

Serious games in science education:a systematic literature review

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2022年第3期4卷 189-209页

作者： Mohib ULLAH Sareer Ul AMIN Muhammad MUNSIF Muhammad Mudassar YAMIN Utkurbek SAFAEV Habib KHAN Salman KHAN Habib ULLAH Department of Computer science Norwegian University of Science and Technology2815 GjøvikNorway Department of Computer science Islamia College University Peshawar25000 Pakistan Department of Information Security and Communication Norwegian University of Science and Technology2815 GjøvikNorway Faculty of science and technology Norwegian University of Life Sciences1430ÅsNorway

Teaching science through computer games,simulations,and artificial intelligence(AI)is an increasingly active research *** this end,we conducted a systematic literature review on serious games for science education to reveal research trends and *** discussed the role of virtual reality(VR),AI,and augmented reality(AR)games in teaching science subjects like ***,we covered the research spanning between 2011 and 2021,investigated country-wise concentration and most common evaluation methods,and discussed the positive and negative aspects of serious games in science education in particular and attitudes towards the use of serious games in education in general.

关键词： Serious games Simulations,Artificial intelligence,Virtual reality,Augmented reality Games in education

Recent advances in multi-layer composite polymeric membranes for CO_2 separation: A review

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Green Energy & Environment 2016年第2期1卷 102-128页

作者： Zhongde Dai Luca Ansaloni Liyuan Deng Department of Chemical Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)

The development of multilayer composite membranes for CO_2 separation has gained increasing attention due to the desire for energy efficient technologies. Multilayer composite membranes have many advantages, including the possibility to optimize membrane materials independently by layers according to their different functions and to reduce the overall transport resistance by using ultrathin selective layers, and less limitations on the material mechanical properties and processability. A comprehensive review is required to capture details of the progresses that have already been achieved in developing multilayer composite membranes with improved CO_2 separation performance in the past 15-20 *** this review, various composite membrane preparation methods were compared, advances in composite membranes for CO_2/CH_4 separation,CO_2/N_2 and CO_2/H_2 separation were summarized with detailed data, and challenges facing for the CO_2 separation using composite membranes,such as aging, plasticization and long-term stability, were discussed. Finally the perspectives and future research directions for composite membranes were presented.

关键词： Composite membrane CO2 separation Membrane fabrication Membrane aging Long-term stability

Modelling of a tubular membrane contactor for pre-combustion CO_2 capture using ionic liquids:Influence of the membrane configuration, absorbent properties and operation parameters

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Green Energy & Environment 2016年第3期1卷 266-275页

作者： Zhongde Dai Muhammad Usman Magne Hillestad Liyuan Deng Department of Chemical Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)

A membrane contactor using ionic liquids(ILs) as solvent for pre-combustion capture CO_2 at elevated temperature(303-393 K) and pressure(20 bar) has been studied using mathematic model in the present work. A comprehensive two-dimensional(2 D) mass-transfer model was developed based on finite element method. The effects of liquid properties, membrane configurations, as well as operation parameters on the CO_2 removal efficiency were systematically studied. The simulation results show that CO_2 can be effectively removed in this process. In addition, it is found that the liquid phase mass transfer dominated the overall mass transfer. Membranes with high porosity and small thickness could apparently reduce the membrane resistance and thus increase the separation efficiency. On the other hand, the membrane diameter and membrane length have a relatively small influence on separation performance within the operation range.

关键词： CO2 capture Pre-combustion Membrane contactor Ionic liquids Modelling

Vehicle fuel from biogas with carbon membranes; a comparison between simulation predictions and actual field demonstration

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Green Energy & Environment 2018年第3期3卷 266-276页

作者： Shamim Haider Arne Lindbrathen Jon Arvid Lie Petter Vattekar Carstensen ThorbjØrn Johannessen May-Britt Hagg norwegian university of science and technology NTNUDepartment of Chemical Engineering

The energy contents of biogas could be significantly enhanced by upgrading it to vehicle fuel quality.A pilot-scale separation plant based on carbon hollow fiber membranes for upgrading biogas to vehicle fuel quality was constructed and operated at the biogas plant,Gl?r IKS,Lillehammer *** fuel quality according to Swedish legislation was successfully achieved in a single stage separation *** raw biogas from anaerobic digestion of food waste contained 64±3 mol%CH_4,30–35 mol%CO_2 and less than one percent of N_2 and a minor amount of other *** raw biogas was available at 1.03 bar with a maximum flow rate of 60 Nm^3h^(à1).Pre-treatment of biogas was performed to remove bulk H_2O and H_2S contents up to the required limits in the vehicle fuel before entering to membrane *** membrane separation plant was designed to process 60 Nm^3h^(à1)of raw biogas at pressure up to 21 *** initial tests were,however,performed for the feed flow rate of 10 Nm^3h^(à1)at 21 *** successful operation of the pilot plant separation was continuously run for 192 h(8days).The CH_4 purity of 96%and maximum CH_4 recovery of 98%was reached in a short-term test of 5 *** permeate stream contained over20 mol%CH_4which could be used for the heating *** Hysys~?was integrated with Chem Brane(in-house developed membrane model)to run the simulations for estimation of membrane area and energy requirement of the pilot *** estimation was performed based on simulation data and later compared with actual field results.

关键词： Biogas upgrading Pilot-scale demonstration Membrane separation Process simulations

Monopile responses to monotonic and cyclic loading in undrained sand using 3D FE with SANISAND-MSu

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Water science and Engineering 2022年第1期15卷 69-77页

作者： Hao-yuan Liu Amir M.Kaynia norwegian Geotechnical Institute Oslo 0806Norway norwegian university of science and technology Trondheim 7491Norway Norconsult Sandvika 1338Norway

Monopile response under undrained conditions in sand is gaining increasing interests owing to the recent development of offshore wind farms in seismic *** pressure evolution in liquefiable soil can significantly reduce the strength and stiffness of the soil which in turn affects the structural dynamic *** numerical models have been developed in the last two decades to enhance understanding of the mechanism of monopile-soil interaction with the existence of pore water *** this study,the effects of geometry and static vertical load on monopile lateral response were studied using three-dimensional finite element methods that consider the existence of lateral cyclic load-induced pore water *** achieve reliable simulation results of pore pressure development and pile displacement accumulation during cyclic loading,the simple anisotropic sand model with memory surface for undrained cyclic behavior of sand was *** piles with the same diameter,a accumulated pile head displacement during lateral cyclic loading decreased linearly with increasing pile embedded length but increased with increasing *** vertical load had minor effects on pile cyclic lateral *** distributions of mean effective stress and pore water pressure in the soil domain were *** pile reaction curve(cyclic soil reaction against pile defection)of the monopile was *** numerical results aim to provide reference for optimized engineering design procedures.

关键词： Offshore monopile Pore pressure Cyclic loading Soil-structure interaction Sand

Quantifying Environmental Impacts of Temporary Housing at the Urban Scale: Intersection of Vulnerability and PostHurricane Relief in New Orleans

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International Journal of Disaster Risk science 2019年第4期10卷 478-492页

作者： Claire McConnell Chiara Bertolin Department of Architecture and technology Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)7491 TrondheimNorway Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)7491 TrondheimNorway

The increasing risk and exposure of people and assets to natural hazards and disasters suggests an increasing need for temporary housing following *** to natural hazards is dependent on the resources available to families or communities to prepare for and mitigate risk,influenced by social *** study seeks to quantify the total environmental impact of temporary housing deployment in New Orleans,using the catastrophic impact of Hurricane Katrina in southern Louisiana in August 2005 as a case *** employ a novel approach to estimate displacement period and take into account social vulnerability across New Orleans neighborhoods to better understand the scale of post-disaster relief and its global warming *** methodology implemented in this study comprises three steps:a risk assessment,a life cycle assessment,and a resulting total impact *** demonstrate the considerable risk of greenhouse gas emissions and energy impacts from temporary housing deployment linked to hurricane ***,we show that environmental impact is highly sensitive to displacement period and find the current methodology of anticipating temporary housing use by hazard alone to be ***,the approach presented in this article provides tools to politicians and disaster risk professionals that allow for resource investment planning to decrease social vulnerability,thus enhancing resilience and adaptive capacity in a more homogeneous way at the urban scale.

关键词： Disaster risk Global warming potential Hurricane Katrina Life cycle assessment New Orleans Social vulnerability Temporary housing