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Impacts of the Autumn Arctic Sea Ice on the Intraseasonal Reversal of the Winter Siberian High

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第2期36卷 173-188页

作者： Zhuozhuo L Shengping HE Fei LI Huijun WANG Nansen-Zhu International research Centre Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate Change research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Geophysical institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research NILU-norwegian institute for air research Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

During 1979–2015, the intensity of the Siberian high(SH) in November and December–January(DJ) is frequently shown to have an out-of-phase relationship, which is accompanied by opposite surface air temperature and circulation *** analyses indicate that the autumn Arctic sea ice is important for the phase reversal of the SH. There is a significantly positive(negative) correlation between the November(DJ) SH and the September sea ice area(SIA) anomalies. It is suggested that the reduction of autumn SIA induces anomalous upward surface turbulent heat flux(SHF), which can persist into November, especially over the Barents Sea. Consequently, the enhanced eddy energy and wave activity flux are transported to mid and high latitudes. This will then benefit the development of the storm track in northeastern Europe. Conversely, when downward SHF anomalies prevail in DJ, the decreased heat flux and suppressed eddy energy hinder the growth of the storm track during DJ over the Barents Sea and Europe. Through the eddy–mean flow interaction, the strengthened(weakened)storm track activities induce decreased(increased) Ural blockings and accelerated(decelerated) westerlies, which makes the cold air from the Arctic inhibited(transported) over the Siberian area. Therefore, a weaker(stronger) SH in November(DJ) occurs downstream. Moreover, anomalously large snowfall may intensify the SH in DJ rather than in November. The ensemble-mean results from the CMIP5 historical simulations further confirm these connections. The different responses to Arctic sea ice anomalies in early and middle winter set this study apart from earlier ones.

关键词： Siberian high Arctic sea ice storm track phase reversal

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Longitudinal height-diameter curves for Norway spruce, Scots pine and silver birch in Norway based on shape constraint additive regression models

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第2期5卷 109-125页

作者： Matthias Schmidt Johannes Breidenbach Rasmus Astrup Northwest German Forest research institute Forest Growth Gratzelstr 2 37079 Gottingen Germany norwegian institute for Bioeconomy research National Forest Inventory Postboks 115 1431 As Norway

Background： Generalized height-diameter curves based on a re-parameterized version of the Korf function for Norway spruce （Piceo abies （L.） Karst.）, Scots pine （Pinus sylvestris L.） and silver birch （Betula pendula Roth） in Norwa are presented. The norwegian National Forest Inventory （NFI） is used as data base for estimating the model parameters. The derived models are developed to enable spatially explicit and site sensitive tree height imputatio in forest inventories as well as future tree height predictions in growth and yield scenario simulations. Methods： Generalized additive mixed models （gamm） are employed to detect and quantify potentially non-linear effects of predictor variables. In doing so the quadratic mean diameter serves as longitudinal covariate since stand ag as measured in the NFI, shows only a weak correlation with a stands developmental status in norwegian forests. Additionally the models can be locally calibrated by predicting random effects if measured height-diameter pairs are available. Based on the model selection of non-constraint models, shape constraint additive models （scare） were fit tc incorporate expert knowledge and intrinsic relationships by enforcing certain effect patterns like monotonicity. Results： Model comparisons demonstrate that the shape constraints lead to only marginal differences in statistical characteristics but ensure reasonable model predictions. Under constant constraints the developed models predict increasing tree heights with decreasing altitude, increasing soil depth and increasing competition pressure of a tree. / two-dimensional spatially structured effect of UTM-coordinates accounts for the potential effects of large scale spatial correlated covariates, which were not at our disposal. The main result of modelling the spatially structured effect is lower tree height prediction for coastal sites and with increasing latitude. The quadratic mean diameter affects both the level and the slope of the height-diameter

关键词： Height-diameter curve Norway spruce Scots pine Silver birch norwegian national forest inventory Shape constrained additive models

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose M.Santiago Samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.Pagan Rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

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Accumulation and depuration of pectenotoxins in brown crab Cancer pagurus

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2009年第2期27卷 389-394页

作者：李兆新 Yellow Sea Fishery research institute Food technology college Ocean University of China norwegian School of Veterinary Science

Pectenotoxins (PTXs) are a group of marine algal toxins. In this study, the accumulation and depuration of pectenotoxins in brown crab Cancer pagurus were investigated. Crabs were fed with toxic blue mussels Mytilus edulis for 21 days and then depurated for 42 days. Toxins were extracted with methanol from the digestive glands of contaminated crabs, uncontaminated crabs (control group) and from blue mussels for comparison. Extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatograph coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). The concentrations of PTX-2, PTX-2 SA, 7-epi-PTX-2 SA, and PTX-12 were analyzed in two batches of toxic blue mussels and the crabs. A one-compartment model was applied to describe the depuration of PTXs. The half-life of PTXs was estimated to be 6–7.5 days. After depuration for 42 days, the amount of PTXs measured in the crab digestive glands was less than 1 μg/kg.

关键词： pectenotoxins brown crab blue mussel accumulation depuration Cancer pagurus Mytilus edulis

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Malpractice or masterful practice?Navigating vicarious liability in healthcare

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第2期13卷 10-13页

作者： Satvik N Pai Naveen Jeyaraman Madhan Jeyaraman Swaminathan Ramasubramanian Department of Orthopaedics PES University Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchBengaluru 560100KarnatakaIndia Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennai 600002Tamil NaduIndia

In the intricate landscape of healthcare,vicarious liability looms large,shaping the responsibilities and actions of healthcare practitioners and administrators *** by a poignant scenario of a medication error,this article navigates the complexities of vicarious liability in *** explains the legal basis and ramifications of this theory,emphasizing its importance in fostering responsibility,protecting patient welfare,and easing access to *** paper explores the practical effects of vicarious responsibility on day-to-day operations,leadership practices,and decision-making processes via the eyes of senior consultants,junior doctors,and hospital *** comprehensive insights and real-world examples,it underscores the imperative of fostering a culture of accountability,communication,and quality care to navigate the intricate web of liabilities inherent in modern healthcare.

关键词： Vicarious liability Healthcare Responsibility Litigation Patient welfare

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Comprehensive evaluation method of urban air quality statistics based on environmental monitoring data and its application

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 500-509页

作者： Linglu Qu Fahe Chai Shijie Liu Jingchun Duan Fan Meng Miaomiao Cheng Atmospheric Environment institute Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Asia Center for air Pollution research Niigata 950-2144Japan

air quality monitoring is effective for timely understanding of the current air quality status of a region or ***,the huge volume of environmental monitoring data,which has reasonable real-time performance,provides strong support for in-depth analysis of air pollution characteristics and ***,in the era of big data,to meet current demands for fine management of the atmospheric environment,it is important to explore the characteristics and causes of air pollution from multiple aspects for comprehensive and scientific evaluation of air *** study reviewed and summarized air quality evaluation methods on the basis of environmental monitoring data statistics during the 13th Five-Year Plan period,and evaluated the level of air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its surrounding areas(i.e.,the“2+26”region)during the period of the three-year action plan to fight air *** suggest that air quality should be comprehensively,deeply,and scientifically evaluated from the aspects of air pollution characteristics,causes,and influences of meteorological conditions and anthropogenic *** is also suggested that a threeyear moving average be introduced as one of the evaluation indexes of long-term change of ***,both temporal and spatial differences should be considered when removing confounding meteorological factors.

关键词： air quality assessment air pollution Statistical analysis Environmental monitoring data Big data

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Aerodynamic performance enhancement of a flying wing using nanosecond pulsed DBD plasma actuator

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2015年第2期28卷 377-384页

作者： Han Menghu Li Jun Niu Zhongguo Liang Hua Zhao Guangyin Hua Weizhuo Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory Air Force Engineering University Aerodynamics research institute Aviation Industry Corporation of China

Experimental investigation of aerodynamic control on a 35° swept flying wing by means of nanosecond dielectric barrier discharge （NS-DBD） plasma was carried out at subsonic flow speed of 20-40 m/s, corresponding to Reynolds number of 3.1 × 10^5-6.2× 10^5. In control condition, the plasma actuator was installed symmetrically on the leading edge of the wing. Lift coefficient, drag coefficient, lift-to-drag ratio and pitching moment coefficient were tested with and without control for a range of angles of attack. The tested results indicate that an increase of 14.5% in maximum lift coefficient, a decrease of 34.2% in drag coefficient, an increase of 22.4% in maximum lift-to-drag ratio and an increase of 2° at stall angle of attack could be achieved compared with the baseline case. The effects of pulsed frequency, amplitude and chord Reynolds number were also investigated. And the results revealed that control efficiency demonstrated strong dependence on pulsed fre- quency. Moreover, the results of pitching moment coefficient indicated that the breakdown of lead- ing edge vortices could be delayed by plasma actuator at low pulsed frequencies.

关键词： Dielectric barrier dischargeFlow control Flying wing Nanosecond Plasma

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Multi-Source Adaptive Selection and Fusion for Pedestrian Dead Reckoning

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第12期9卷 2174-2185页

作者： Yuanxun Zheng Qinghua Li Changhong Wang Xiaoguang Wang Lifeng Hu NORINCO GROUP air Ammunition research institute Harbin 150030China the research Center of Space Control and Inertial Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China research Center of Space Control and Inertial Technology Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Accurate multi-source fusion is based on the reliability, quantity, and fusion mode of the sources. The problem of selecting the optimal set for participating in the fusion process is nondeterministic-polynomial-time-hard and is neither sub-modular nor super-modular. Furthermore, in the case of the Kalman filter(KF) fusion algorithm, accurate statistical characteristics of noise are difficult to obtain, and this leads to an unsatisfactory fusion result. To settle the referred cases, a distributed and adaptive weighted fusion algorithm based on KF has been proposed in this paper. In this method, on the basis of the pseudo prior probability of the estimated state of each source, the reliability of the sources is evaluated and the optimal set is selected on a certain threshold. Experiments were performed on multi-source pedestrian dead reckoning for verifying the proposed algorithm. The results obtained from these experiments indicate that the optimal set can be selected accurately with minimal computation, and the fusion error is reduced by 16.6% as compared to the corresponding value resulting from the algorithm without *** proposed adaptive source reliability and fusion weight evaluation is effective against the varied-noise multi-source fusion system, and the fusion error caused by inaccurate statistical characteristics of the noise is reduced by the adaptive weight *** proposed algorithm exhibits good robustness, adaptability,and value on applications.

关键词： Adaptive reliability evaluation adaptive weight evaluation Kalman filter(KF) multi-source fusion optimal set selection

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Evaluation of Simulated CO_2 Concentrations from the CarbonTracker-Asia Model Using In-situ Observations over East Asia for 2009–2013

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2019年第6期36卷 603-613页

作者： Samuel Takele KENEA Young-Suk OH Jae-Sang RHEE Tae-Young GOO Young-Hwa BYUN Shanlan LI Lev D.LABZOVSKII Haeyoung LEE Robert F.BANKS Climate research Division National Institute of Meteorological Sciences Environmental Meteorology research Division National Institute of Meteorological Sciences Meteorology Department Delta Air LinesInc.

The CarbonTracker(CT) model has been used in previous studies for understanding and predicting the sources, sinks, and dynamics that govern the distribution of atmospheric CO_2 at varying ranges of spatial and temporal scales. However, there are still challenges for reproducing accurate model-simulated CO_2 concentrations close to the surface, typically associated with high spatial heterogeneity and land cover. In the present study, we evaluated the performance of nested-grid CT model simulations of CO_2 based on the CT2016 version through comparison with in-situ observations over East Asia covering the period 2009–13. We selected sites located in coastal, remote, inland, and mountain areas. The results are presented at diurnal and seasonal time periods. At target stations, model agreement with in-situ observations was varied in capturing the diurnal cycle. Overall, biases were less than 6.3 ppm on an all-hourly mean basis, and this was further reduced to a maximum of 4.6 ppm when considering only the daytime. For instance, at Anmyeondo, a small bias was obtained in winter, on the order of 0.2 ppm. The model revealed a diurnal amplitude of CO_2 that was nearly flat in winter at Gosan and Anmyeondo stations, while slightly overestimated in the summertime. The model's performance in reproducing the diurnal cycle remains a challenge and requires improvement. The model showed better agreement with the observations in capturing the seasonal variations of CO_2 during daytime at most sites, with a correlation coefficient ranging from 0.70 to 0.99. Also, model biases were within-0.3 and 1.3 ppm, except for inland stations(7.7 ppm).

关键词： model evaluation in-situ observations CarbonTracker East Asia

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Making bridges between preclinical and clinical insights into age-related cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2321-2322页

作者： David VC Brito Clévio Nóbrega Algarve Biomedical Center-research institute(ABC-RI) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Algarve Biomedical Center-(ABC) Campus GambelasFaroPortugal Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences(FMCB) University of AlgarveGambelas CampusFaroPortugal

With people living longer,the societal impact of age-related cognitive decline is becoming more pronounced(Crimmins,2015).Thus,it is increasingly important to comprehend the cognitive shifts linked to aging-whether th... 详细信息

关键词： bridges becoming insight

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