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APPLICATION OF INNOVATION METHOD OF RANDOM SEQUENCES IN power SYSTEM LOAD FORECASTING

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1980年第8期25卷 643-646页

作者：徐立子杜金观项静恬顾岚 electric power research institute institute of Mathematics Academia Sinica

Short-term load forecasting for 24 hr and very short-term load forecasting for on-line security control in a power system provide the necessary foundation for the security and economical operation of it. So far as we ... 详细信息

关键词： forecasting economical weather identifying establishing manual stationary sudden satis breakdown

Degradation mechanisms and stabilization strategies of ruthenium-based catalysts for OER in the proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第1期34卷 207-222页

作者： Ming Yang Hongxiang Wu Zhaoping Shi Yibo Wang Jiahao Yang Jing Ni Pengbo Wang Yuqing Cheng Ziang Wang Meiling Xiao Changpeng Liu Wei Xing Laboratory of Advanced power Sources Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Chemical power Sources State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Designing economical oxygen evolution reaction(OER) electrocatalysts with high activity and long-term stability is essential to promote the scale-up applications of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer(PEMWE) for hydrogen production. Ruthenium(Ru)-based materials with high intrinsic activity are hailed as the most promising catalysts, but still infeasible for practical application considering their long unresolved poor stability(only dozens of lifespan). Thus, tremendous efforts have been devoted to uncovering the degradation mechanisms and developing stabilization strategies for the Ru-based catalysts. In this review, starting from summarizing the fundamental understanding of deactivation mechanisms, a picture of the stability issue of Ru-based catalysts is proposed, which is followed by a detailed discussion on the recently developed strategies and progress made on enhancing durability. Finally, insights on the prospects for the future development of stable and practical Rubased OER catalysts are provided.

关键词： OER Ru-based catalysts PEMWE Degradation mechanisms Stabilization strategies

Advanced Noncarbon Materials as Catalyst Supports and Non‑noble Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Metal–Air Batteries

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2021年第2期4卷 336-381页

作者： Shiming Zhang Menghui Chen Xiao Zhao Jialin Cai Wei Yan Joey Chung Yen Shengli Chen Yan Yu Jiujun Zhang institute for Sustainable Energy/College of Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical power Sources Department of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108FujianChina

Electrochemical energy systems such as fuel cells and metal–air batteries can be used as clean power sources in the field of electric transportation and possess great potential in the reduction of various energy and environmental *** these systems,the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)at the cathode is the rate-determining factor for overall system performance,and up to now,platinum group metals supported on carbon materials,especially Pt,remain the highest performing and the most practical ORR ***,corresponding carbonaceous catalyst supports are extremely susceptible to corrosion under electrochemical operation,and therefore,the extensive exploration of alternative stable materials for ORR electrocatalysts with both high electrochemical stability and catalytic performance is ***,noncarbon materials with high corrosion resistance have been explored to substitute traditional carbon supports or even act directly as low-cost non-noble metal electrocatalysts,and based on this,this review will present a comprehensive overview and deep analysis of the recent progress in noncarbon materials,including metals,oxides,nitrides,carbides,sulfides,and so ***,general attributes associated with noncarbon materials include high corrosion resistance,strong metal–support interaction,and impressive porous structure ***,major drawbacks include low electrical conductivity,insufficient chemical stability in acidic or alkaline media,and poor electrochemical stability at ORR electrode *** overcome these challenges,this review will also summarize efficient strategies such as combining with highly conductive materials,introducing dopants and forming vacancies to result in promising electrocatalytic ORR ***,this review will propose possible research directions to facilitate future research and development toward the practical application of noncarbon-based ORR electrocatalysts.

关键词： Noncarbon materials Supports Electrocatalysts Oxygen reduction reaction Fuel cells Metal-air batteries

Fuel Spray Dynamic Characteristics of GDI High Pressure Injection System

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第2期25卷 355-361页

作者： LI Bo LI Yunqing WANG Defu Auto Standardization research institute China Automotive Technology&Research CenterTianjin 300162China School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

In order to improve the fuel consumption and exhaust emission for gasoline engines,gasoline direct injection（GDI） system is spotlighted to solve these ***,many researchers focus on the investigation of spray characteristics and the fuel formation of GDI *** paper presents a complete numerical and experimental characterization of transient gasoline spray from a high pressure injection system equipped with a modern single-hole electric controlled injector in a pressurized constant volume *** numerical analysis is carried out in a one-dimensional model of fuel injection system which is developed in the AVL HYDSIM *** experimental analyses are implemented through a self-developed injection rate measurement device and spray evolution visualization *** experimental results of injection rate and spray dynamics are taken to tune and validate the built *** visualization system synchronize a high speed CMOS camera to obtain the spray structure,moreover,the captured images are taken to validate the injector needle lift process which is simulated in the *** reliability of the built model is demonstrated by comparing the numerical results with the experimental *** formed vortex structure at 0.8 ms is effectively disintegrated at 6.2 ms and the spray dynamics become rather *** fuel flow characteristics within injector nozzle extremely influence the subsequent spray evolution,and therefore this point should be reconsidered when building hybrid breakup GDI spray *** spray tip speed reach the maximum at 1.18 ms regardless of the operation conditions and this is only determined by the injector ***,an empirical equation for the spray tip penetration is obtained and good agreement with the measured results is reached at a certain *** paper provides a methodology for the investigation of spray behavior and fuel distribution of GDI engine design.

关键词： gasoline direct injection(GDI) fuel injection system spray dynamic

Using Longitudinal Fins to Improve the Melting Performance of Stearic Acid in Thermal Energy Storage Devices

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第5期33卷 1672-1687页

作者： YAN Suying LIU Yiran AO Ci ZHAO Xiaoyan ZHANG Na ZHANG Ruiying AHMADI Mohammad Hossein School of Energy and power Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190China School of Materials Science and Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Shahrood University of TechnologyShahroodIran

The heat transfer efficiency of a thermal energy storage unit(TESU)can be improved by the addition of novel longitudinal fins.A series of TESUs are analyzed using the finite volume method(FVM)to determine the effect of fin angle on the heat transfer *** the fin angle increases,the TES rate first increases,then decreases,reaching a maximum rate at 60°,where the melting time is less by 30.9%,28.58%,21.99%,9.02%,and 18.1%than at 0°,15°,30°,45°,and 80°,*** addition,it is found that the melting time of the phase change material is significantly greater at the bottom of the *** time percentage of this stage decreases as the fin angle increases through these percentages by 7%,14%,23%,33%,and 20%,***,the response surface methodology(RSM)is applied to optimize the longitudinal fin by minimizing the total melting *** analysis concludes that a fin angle of 58.68°reduces the complete melting time of the stearic acid by 44%below the time at 0°.These findings fill a gap in knowledge of the effect on melting performance of the design angle of longitudinal fins and provide a reference for the design of horizontally placed longitudinal finned thermal energy storage units.

关键词： thermal energy storage melting rate enhancement longitudinal fins fin angle phase change materials

A review of microwave-metal discharge interaction:Mechanism,regulation,and application for synthesis of nanomaterials

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Nano research 2024年第10期17卷 9225-9254页

作者： Yixuan Xie Ruiqian Shi Benwei Fu Chengyi Song Wen Shang Peng Tao Tao Deng State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China National Engineering research Center of Special Equipment and power System for Ship and Marine Engineering Shanghai 200030China

Placing metals within microwave ovens has been generally viewed as a dangerous practice because of occurrence of violent discharge,but in recent years such discharge phenomenon has attracted increasing attention and has enabled a variety of exciting *** this work,we provide a comprehensive review of fundamental understanding of microwave-metal discharge interaction and its state-of-the-art application for nanomaterials *** introduce the microscopic interaction between different categories of materials and the electric and magnetic field of *** microwave-metal interaction,we highlight its size-dependence and point out the influence of the oxide layer on the surface of *** discuss the required conditions for occurrence of discharge,microscopic formation mechanism,and characteristic features of microwave-metal discharge *** analyzing the influence from the microwave input,discharging metals,and surrounding discharging media,we discuss the strategy for systematical regulation of the discharge *** describe the applications of the microwave-metal discharge for facile synthesis of various functional nanomaterials including core-shell carbon/metal,metal oxides,metal chalcogenides,intermetallic compounds,metallic nanoparticles and metallic compounds,and organic ***,the challenges in precise characterization and dynamic regulation of the discharge process as well as exciting application opportunities are discussed.

关键词： microwave-metal interaction discharge microwave heating skin depth nanomaterial synthesis

Analysis of the total activation cross section of all possible reactions producing the same radioactive nuclide for the same element

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Chinese Physics C 2011年第1期35卷 31-34页

作者：周丰群宋月丽拓飞孔祥忠 electric and Information Engineering College Pingdingshan University National institute for Radiological Protection China CDC School of Nuclear Science and Technology Lanzhou University

Firstly, according to the regulation of growth and decay of radioactive nuclides produced in reactions, a formula used to calculate the total activation cross section of all possible reactions producing the same radioactive nuclide for the same element is deduced, and it is pointed out that the activation formula given in two references is incorrect. Then, as an example, the so-called total activation cross section in one of the two references is analyzed and the correct results of the cross sections of ^182W（n,p）^182（m＋g）Ta, ^183W（n,p）^183Ta and ^206Pb（n,α）^203Hg induced by neutrons around 14 MeV calculated with the data given in the literature, the nuclear parameters and some evaluated values are given. Finally, the correct results are compared with other values collected in the literature.

关键词： total activation cross sections analysis cross section tungsten lead

Basic Topology and Key Devices of the Five-Terminal DC Grid

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CSEE Journal of power and Energy Systems 2015年第2期1卷 22-35页

作者： Guangfu Tang Zhiyuan He Hui Pang Xiaoming Huang Xiao-Ping Zhang Smart Grid research institute BeijingChina Zhejiang electric power research institute HangzhouChina School of Electronic Electrical and Systems EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamU.K.

Due to their high controllability and flexibility,DC power grids have broad application prospects in the fields of networking of renewable energy and the power supply for oceanic archipelagos and future *** paper describes the system topology,control strategy,DC breaker configuration,and research,development and testing of converter valves and DC breaker equipment of the Zhoushan multi-terminal DC transmission *** Zhoushan has unique geographical and developmental features to demonstrate the irreplaceable technical advantages of a DC power grid for providing reliable power *** experience gained from the Zhoushan DC power grid project can offer valuable insights into the development and utilization of this technology worldwide.

关键词： DC breaker DC grid multi-terminal DC VSCHVDC

Experimental comparison between aircraft fuel tank inerting processes using NEA and MIG

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第7期31卷 1515-1524页

作者： Lei SHAO Weihua LIU Chaoyue LI Shiyu FENG Chenchen WANG Jun PAN Key Laboratory of Aircraft Environment Control and Life Support of MIIT Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 China College of Aeronautics Chongqing Jiaotong University Chongqing 400074 China Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Aerospace power System Nanjing Engineering Institute of Aircraft Systems Nanjing 210016 China

Fuel tank inerting technologies are able to reduce the fire risk by injection of inert gas into the ullage or fuel, the former called ullage washing and the latter fuel scrubbing. The Green On-Board Inert Gas Generation System（GOBIGGS） is a novel technology based on flameless catalytic combustion, and owning to its simple structure and high inerting efficiency, it has received a lot of attentions. The inert gas in the GOBIGGS is mainly comprised of CO2, N2, and O2（hereinafter, Mixed Inert Gas（MIG））, while that in the On-Board Inert Gas Generation System（OBIGGS）, which is one of the most widely used fuel tank inerting technologies, is NitrogenEnriched Air（NEA）. The solubility of CO2 is nearly 20 times higher than that of N2 in jet fuels,so the inerting capability and performance are definitely disparate if the inert gas is selected as NEA or MIG. An inerting test bench was constructed to compare the inerting capabilities between NEA and MIG. Experimental results reveal that, if ullage washing is adopted, the variations of oxygen concentrations on the ullage and in the fuel are nearly identical no matter the inert gas is NEA or MIG. However, the ullage and dissolved oxygen concentrations of MIG scrubbing are always higher than those of NEA scrubbing.

关键词： Dissolved oxygen Experiment Fuel tanks Inert gases Mixed Inert Gas(MIG) Nitrogen-Enriched Air(NEA) Oxygen