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Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutive Profile of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in a Cameroonian Population

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第2期14卷 93-102页

作者： Christelle Domngang Fabiola Makamwe Tagne Leonard Tedong Chantal Ngoune Nanfack Caroline Mvilongo Giles Kagmeni Higher Institute of Health Sciences Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), at 4.2%. The efficacy of medical treatment has been demonstrated and remains one of the treatments of choice for POAG. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, its effectiveness has many challenges, due to multiple factors, including cost and access to care. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutive profile of primary open-angle glaucoma patients. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in two hospitals in western Cameroon. Epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary data on intraocular pressure at one year after medical treatment were analyzed. SPSS version 23 software was used for statistical analysis, with a significant p-value set at 5%. Results: A total of 201 patients with POAG were included in the study. The population comprised 100 men and 101 women, with a mean age of 54 ± 12 years. At diagno.is, the mean intraocular pressure was 23.9 ± 8.70 mmHg for the right eye and 25.5 ± 9.57 mmHg for the left eye. The mean cup/disc ratio was 0.64 ± 0.2 [0.2-1] and 0.67 ± 0.19 [02-1] in the right and left eyes, respectively. Mono.herapy was the most prescribed treatment [59.2%]. After one year of treatment, intraocular pressure was reduced by 15.5% with beta-blockers, 23.66% with prostaglandins, 19.11% with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, 35, 92% with beta-blockers and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, 25.92% with beta-blockers and prostaglandins, 48.03% with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and prostaglandin agonists, and 38.77% with triple therapy. Taking glaucoma severity into account, a significant reduction in intraocular pressure at one year was observed in all participants [p 0.05]. However, the target pressure was obtained in 47%, 20% and 14% of eyes suffering of mild, moderate, and severe grade of POAG respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, there was a significant reduction in i

关键词： Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Medical Treatment Intraocular Pressure Target Intraocular Pressure

Assessing the influence of digital techno.ogies on antenatal care visits in Zimbabwe:insights from 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey

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Global Health Journal 2023年第3期7卷 167-174页

作者： Elliot Mbunge Garikayi Bernard Chemhaka Tafadzwa Dzinamarira Eno. Moyo Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of EswatiniKwaluseniManziniM201Eswatini Department of Statistics and Demography Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of EswatiniKwaluseniManziniM201Eswatini School of Health Systems and Public Health University of PretoriaPretoria 0028South Africa Schoolof Nursing and Public Health College of Health SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 3601South Africa

Background and objective:To provide good health and well-being as established by the Sustainable Development Goal(SDG)3,access to digital techno.ogies can act as conduits to achieve such progress in a *** guided by the World Health Organization,antenatal care(ANC)attendance is one of the measures promoted to curtail the global health burden of maternal and infant *** services are seldom utilized to their full potential in *** study explores if any of the women's digital techno.ogy characteristics were associated with antenatal care ***:The study analyzed population-based cross-sectional data with a subsample of 1932 women aged 15-49 years from the 2019 Zimbabwe Multiple Indicator Cluster *** of associations with chi-square test,bivariate,and multivariate multino.ial logistic regression analyses were used to examine the predictors of adequate(4-7)and optimal(≥8)ANC visits relative to undesirable(1-3)antenatal care visits among women who had given births 2 years before the ***:The results indicate that 64.5%(1246/1932)of the women attained adequate ANC while about 9.8%(189/1932)attained optimal *** a newspaper/magazine at least once a week(odds ratio[OR] 1.73,β'=0.551,t=2.030,P=0.043)and watching television at least once a week(OR 1.72,β=0.545,t=2.454,P=0.015),listening to the radio less than once a week(OR 1.28,β'=0.247,t=1.750,P=0.080),and owning a mobile phone(OR 1.48,β'=0.394,t=3.020,P=0.003)were positively associated with adequate *** ANC was significantly associated with women being able to read a newspaper at least once a week(OR 2.93,β'=1.074,t=3.120,P=0.002),listen to the radio less than 0nce a week(OR 2.07,p'=0.73,t=2.700,P=0.007)and have ownership of a mobile phone(OR 1.88,β'=0.631,t=2.620,P=0.009).Conclusion:Access to a newspaper,radio,television,and mobile phone were important predictors of a woman's ability to achieve her ANC *** to improve the kno.ledge of ANC pa

关键词： Digital techno.ogies Maternal and child health Africa Child mortality Maternal mortality Prenatal care

Environmental input-output model and its analysis with a focus on the solid waste management sectors

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第2期12卷 53-58页

作者： Zeng, Guang-Ming Yuan, Xing-Zhong Zhang, Pan-Yue Guo, Huai-Cheng Huang, Gordon Guo-He Hemelaar, L. Environmental Protection Institute Hunan University Changsha 410082 China Environmental Science Center Peking University Beijing 100871 China faculty of Engineering University of Regina Sask. S4S OA2 Canada Waste Nieuwehaven 201 2801 CW Netherlands

An environmental input output model (EIOM) was introduced to the regional solid waste management sectors, which can reflect the direct and indirect relations between the environment and the regional econo.y development. Some details about how to use the EIOM was discussed. The EIOM was applied to the Changsha City in China. The example results indicate that much useful information related to the environment and the regional econo.y development can be gained from the solution of the EIOM. Thus, the EIOM can be used as a useful tool for the sustainable development planning including the solid waste management sectors.

关键词： environmental input\|output model analysis of econo.y and environment solid waste management

Regulation of RNase E during the UV stress response in the cyano.acterium Synechocystis *** 6803

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mLife 2023年第1期2卷 43-57页

作者： Satoru Watanabe Damir Stazic Jens Georg Shota Ohtake Yutaka Sakamaki Megumi Numakura Munehiko Asayama Taku Chibazakura Annegret Wilde Claudia Steglich Wolfgang R.Hess faculty of Biology Genetics and Experimental BioinformaticsUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Department of Bioscience Tokyo University of AgricultureSetagayakuTokyoJapan School of Agriculture Molecular GeneticsIbaraki UniversityIbarakiJapan faculty of Biology Molecular GeneticsUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Nexxiot Prime Tower(Hardstrasse 201)ZurichSwitzerland.

Endoribonucleases govern the maturation and degradation of RNA and are indispensable in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression.A key endoribonuclease in Gram-negative bacteria is RNase *** ensure an appropriate supply of RNase E,some bacteria,such as Escherichia coli,feedback-regulate RNase E expression via the rne 5′-untranslated region(5′UTR)in ***,the mechanisms involved in the control of RNase E in other bacteria largely remain *** rely on solar light as an energy source for photosynthesis,despite the inherent ultraviolet(UV)*** this study,we first investigated globally the changes in gene expression in the cyano.acterium Synechocystis *** ^(6)803 after a brief exposure to *** the 407 responding genes 2 h after UV exposure was a prominent upregulation of rne mRNA ***,the enzymatic activity of RNase E rapidly increased as well,although the protein stability *** unique response was underpinned by the increased accumulation of full-length rne mRNA caused by the stabilization of its 5′UTR and suppression of premature transcriptional termination,but no. by an increased transcription *** of RNA 3′ends and in vitro cleavage assays revealed that RNase E cleaves within a stretch of six consecutive uridine residues within the rne 5′UTR,indicating *** observations suggest that RNase E in cyano.acteria contributes to reshaping the transcriptome during the UV stress response and that its required activity level is secured at the RNA level despite the enhanced turno.er of the protein.

关键词： cyano.acteria protein turno.er ribonuclease stress response

Issuing the Antibiotics for Children with and without Prescription in Pharmacies in Republic of Macedonia

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2016年第1期4卷 5-9页

作者： Bistra Angelovska Elena Drakalska Marija Atanasova Vesna Kostic Jasmina Trajkoska University "GoceDelcev " Faculty of Medical Sciences Krste Misirkov bb POB 201 Stip R. Macedonia

The use of medicines for infants and children is presenting one unique set of challenges, because children are the most vulnerable population in any society. In this study, we set out to present the characteristics and classification of antibiotics recommended for children according to WHO, EMA and EBM. Also, the aim of this study was to analyze the most prescribed pediatric antibiotics in 2013 in Republic of Macedonia compared with standard treatments. Presented data was collected according to the number of prescribed recipes of pediatric dosage forms covered by the Fund of Republic of Macedonia. The obtained results showed that the most prescribed pediatric antibiotic is amoxicillin with clavulanic acid （875mg ＋ 125mg） in form of tablet, with 280 863 prescribed recipes which corresponds to the recommendations of EBM.

关键词： Antibiotic WHO recipes children.

Mapping and Floristic Diversity of the Nakpadjouak Community Forest, Tami Canton, Togo (West Africa)

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Natural Resources 2024年第4期15卷 83-105页

作者： Senyo Kossi Ehlui Christian Anthony-Krueger Edinam Kola Wouyo Atakpama Alagie Bah Henrik von Wehrden Tchaa Boukpessi West Africa Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use WASCAL University of the Gambia Banjul Gambia Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Dynamique des Milieux et des Socié t&#233s Department of Geography University of Lom&#233 Lome Togo Department of Science Education University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Laboratoire de Botanique et &#201 cologie V&#233g&#233tale D&#233partement botanique Facult&#233 des sciences Universit&#233 de Lom&#233 Lome Togo West Africa Plant Red List Authority (WAPRLA) IUCN Species Survival Commission Gland Switzerland Center for International Forestry Research and World Agroforestry (CIFOR-ICRAF) Nairobi Kenya faculty of Sustainability Center of Methods Leuphana University of L&#252neburg L&#252neburg Germany Laboratoire de Recherches Biogé ographiques et d&#8217Etudes Environnementales Department of Geography University of Lome Lome Togo

Since 2015, community forests have been promoted in Togo as an alternative to protect areas from degradation and as a means of contributing to forest landscape restoration. The study focuses on the Nakpadjouak Community Forest (NCF) in Tami (Togo, West Africa) which contributes to community forests sustainable management. It aims in (i) mapping forest ecosystems and analysing their dynamic and (ii) characterizing the floristic diversity of the NCF. The ecosystems were mapped and their dynamic was evaluated based on Google Earth images of 2014 and 2020. Floristic and forestry inventories were carried out using the transect technique in a sample of 20 plots of 50 m × 20 m. The NCF was made up mainly by wooded/shrub savannahs (95.37%) and croplands/fallow (4.63%) in 2014. These two land use types undergone changes over the 6 years prior to 2020. By 2020, the NCF had 3 land use types: wooded/shrub savannahs (77.59%), open forest/wooded savannahs (22.23%), and croplands/fallows (0.18%). A total of 89 plant species belonging to 70 genera and 28 families were recorded within the NCF. The dominant species are: Heteropogon contortus (L.) ***. and Combretum collinum Fresen. followed by Pteleopsissuberosa Engl. & Diels, Anno.a senegalensis Pers. The most common species are: Lannea acida ***. s.l., A. senegalensis, Vitellaria paradoxa *** subsp. paradoxa, C. collinum and Acacia dudgeonii Craib ex Holland. Due to its small area of just 40 hectares and its diverse plant life, this community forest of Savannahs Region is a significant biodiversity hotspot and warrants conservation efforts.

关键词： Community Forest Floristic Diversity Land Use Change Biodiversity Hotspot Tami Savannah Region Togo

Impact of polydimethylsiloxanes on physicochemical and tribological properties of naphthenic mineral oil(KN 4010)-based titanium complex grease

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第4期27卷 944-948页

作者： Jitai Li Chu Zhai Hengbo Yin Aili Wang Lingqin Shen faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University

Titanium complex greases were prepared by using naphthenic mineral oil and polydimethylsiloxane as the mixed base oil. The effect of polydimethylsiloxane molecular weight and polydimethylsiloxane content in mixed base oil on the physicochemical and tribological properties of titanium complex greases was *** compared to the sole mineral oil-based titanium complex grease, the use of polydimethylsiloxane(H201-350)as a co-base oil increased the dropping point from 310 to 329℃, decreased the oil separation from 3.7% to 2.3%,reduced the corrosion extent, and obviously improved the tribological properties. When the mixed oil-based titanium complex grease was used as a lubricant, lubricating films of polydimethylsiloxane were probably formed on the surfaces of friction pairs, giving good lubricating property.

关键词： Complexes Surface Polymers Titanium complex grease Polydimethylsiloxane Tribological properties

Optimization of gas tungsten arc welding parameters for the dissimilar welding between AISI 304 and AISI 201 stainless steels

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Defence Techno.ogy（防务技术） 2019年第2期15卷 170-178页

作者： Wichan Chuaiphan Loeshpahn Srijaroenpramong Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep Department of Metallurgical Techno.ogy Faculty of Education Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep

This present study applied gas tungsten arc welding in order to join AISI 304 and AISI 201 stainless *** objective was to find the optimum welding condition that gave a weld bead in accordance with DIN EN ISO 25817 quality level B, pitting corrosion potential of the weld metal of no. less than that of the AISI304 base metal and a ratio of delta-ferrite in austenite matrix of the weld metal of no. lower than 3%.Such a ratio is a criterion widely accepted to protect the weld metal from solidification cracking. At the welding current of 75 A and by using pure argon as a shielding gas 0 to 8 vol.% and applying a welding speed in the range of 2-3.5 mm·s^(-1) was found to give a complete weld bead with an increased depthper-width ratio(promote weldability). For welding speed in the range of 3 and 3.5 mm·s^(-1)(promote corrosion resistance). Increasing the welding speed in such a range decreased the amount of delta-ferrite in the austenite matrix, and increased the pitting corrosion potential of the weld metal to be 302 mV_(SCE).This value was still lower than the pitting corrosion potential of the AISI 304 base metal. Mixing nitrogen in argon shielding gas increased the nitrogen content in the weld. The optimum condition was found when using a welding speed of 3 mm· s^(-1) and mixing 1 vol.% of nitrogen in the argon shielding gas(promote weldability and corrosion resistance). Pitted areas after potentiodynamic test were observed in the austenite in which its Cr content was relatively low.

关键词： Dissimilar weldment AISI 304 stainless steel AISI 201 stainless steel Gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW) Nitrogen Corrosion behavior Mechanical behavior

Rheological characterization of A201 aluminum alloy

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Transactions of no.ferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第9期20卷 1638-1642页

作者： A.BLANCO Z.AZPILGAIN J.LOZ ARES P.KAPRAno. I.HURTADO Mechanical and Manufacturing Department Faculty of EngineeringMondragon Unibertsitatea

The thermodynamic characterization as well as the rheological characterization of the A201 alloy were *** simulations (CALPHAD method) and calorimetric experiments were performed to determine the solidus and liquidus temperatures, the melting range and the sensitivity of the solid fraction at the thixoforming *** rheology of aluminium alloy A201 was examined using a high temperature Searle *** flow behaviour was analyzed with concentric cylinders of graphite to avoid chemical interactions with the liquid or semi-solid *** rotational body was grooved to prevent a pheno.eno. called wall *** cooling experiment was used to observe the shear rate effects on the flow *** can be seen that the viscosity level decreases at higher shear *** rate jump experiment was carried out to evaluate the steady state flow curve within the analyzed shear rate range from 60 s-1 to 260 *** is found that the power law indexes are-1.35 and-1.49 for 35% and 45% solid fraction, ***, some mechanical property data of as-cast and as-thixoformed A201 alloy are included indicating the potential for high strength applications.

关键词： aluminum alloys rheology mechanical properties semi-solid metal tixotropy shear-thinning