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Benggang segmentation via deep exchanging of digital orthophoto map and digital surface model features

International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第3期12卷 589-599页

作者： Shengyu Shen Jiasheng Chen Dongbing Cheng Honghu Liu Tong Zhang Department of Soil and Water Conservation Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang Water Resources CommissionWuhan430010China Research Center on Mountain Torrent&Geologic Disaster Prevention Ministry of Water ResourcesWuhan430010China State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing(LIESMARS)Wuhan UniversityWuhan430079China

Benggang is a typical fragmented erosional landscape in southern and southeastern China,posing sig-nificant risk to the local residents and economic ***,an efficient and accurate fine-grained segmentation method is crucial for monitoring the Benggang *** this paper,we propose a deep learning-based automatic segmentation method for Benggang by integrating high-resolution Digital Orthophoto Map(DOM)and Digital Surface Model(DSM)*** DSM data is used to extract slope maps,aiming to capture primary morphological *** proposed method consists of a dual-stream convolutional encoder-decoder network in which multiple cascaded convolutional layers and a skip connection scheme are used to extract morphological and visual features of the Benggang *** rich discriminative information in the DOM and slope data is fused by a channel exchanging mechanism that dynamically exchanges the most discriminative features from either the DOM or DSM stream ac-cording to their importance at the channel *** experiments were conducted on a chal-lenging dataset collected from Guangdong Province,China,and the results show that the proposed channel exchanging network based deep fusion method achieves 84.62%IoU in Benggang segmentation,outperforming several existing unimodal or multimodal *** proposed multimodal segmen-tation method greatly improves the efficiency of large-scale discovery of Benggang,and thus is important for the management and restoration of Benggang in southern and southeastern China,as well as the monitoring of other similar erosional landscapes.

关键词： Benggang segmentation Deep fusion Channel exchanging DOM DSM

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Crustal motion of Chinese mainland monitored by GPS

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Science China Earth Sciences 2000年第4期43卷 394-400页

作者：朱文耀王小亚程宗颐熊永清张强叶叔华马宗晋陈俊勇许厚泽魏子卿赖锡安刘经南金标仁任金卫王琪 Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 China institute of Geology State Seismological Bureau Beijing 100029 China National Bureau of surveying and Mapping Beijing 100830 China Wuhan institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430077 China Xi'an institute of surveying and Mapping Xi'an 710054 China institute of Seismology State Seismological Bureau Wuhan 430071 China Wuhan Technical University of surveying ang Mapping Wuhan 430070 China

: To measure and monitor the crustal motion in China, a GPS network has been established with an average side length of 1 000 km and with more than 20 points on the margins of each major tectonic block and fault zone in China. Three campaigns were carried out in 1992,1994 and 1996, respectively by this network. Here we present, for the first time, the horizontal displacement rates of 22 GPS monitoring stations distributed over the whole China and global IGS stations surrounding China, based on these GPS repeated measurements. From these results by GPS, we have obtained the sketch of crustal motion in China.

关键词： crustal motion in China GPS monitoring.

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Quick estimation of parameters for the land surface data assimilation system and its influence based on the extended Kalman filter and automatic differentiation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第11期66卷 2546-2562页

作者： Jiaxin TIAN Hui LU Kun YANG Jun QIN Long ZHAO Jianhong ZHOU Yaozhi JIANG Xiaogang MA Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System ModelingInstitute for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China National Tibetan Plateau Data Center Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environmental Changes and Land Surfaces ProcessesInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Chongqing Jinfo Mountain Karst Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station School of Geographical SciencesSouth-west UniversityChongqing 400715China Tsinghua University(Department of Earth System Science)-Xi’an institute of surveying and Mapping Joint Research Center for Next-Generation Smart Mapping Beijing 100084China

Soil moisture plays a crucial role in drought monitoring,flood forecasting,and water resource *** assimilation methods can integrate the strengths of land surface models(LSM)and remote sensing data to generate highprecision and spatio-temporally continuous soil moisture ***,one of the challenges of the land data assimilation system(LDAS)is how to accurately estimate model and observation *** address this,we had previously proposed a dualcycle assimilation algorithm that can simultaneously estimate the model and observation errors,LSM parameters,and observation operator ***,this algorithm requires a large ensemble size to guarantee stable parameter estimates,resulting in low efficiency and limiting its large-scale *** address this limitation,the authors employed the following approaches:(1)using automatic differentiation to compute the Jacobian matrix of LSM instead of constructing a tangent linear model of LSM,and(2)replacing the ensemble Kalman filter framework with the extended Kalman filter(EKF)framework to improve the efficiency of parameter optimization for the dual-cycle *** EKF-based dual-cycle algorithm accelerated the parameter estimation efficiency near 60 times during a 90-day time period with a model integration time step of 1 *** evaluate the dual-cycle LDAS at the regional-scale,it was applied to assimilate the SMAP soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau,and soil moisture estimates were validated using in situ observations from four different climatic *** results showed that the EKF-based dual-cycle LDAS corrected biases in both the model and observations and produced more accurate estimates of soil moisture,land surface temperature,and evapotranspiration than did the open loop with default ***,the spatial distribution of soil parameters(sand content,clay content,and porosity)obtained from the LDAS was more reasonable than those of default *** EKF-based

关键词： Soil moisture Data assimilation Parameter optimization Bias correction Error estimation Automatic differentiation

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A New Indicator for Global Food Security Assessment: Harvested Area Rather Than Cropland Area

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Chinese Geographical Science 2022年第2期32卷 204-217页

作者： SONG Fengjiao WANG Shijie BAI Xiaoyong WU Luhua WANG Jinfeng LI Chaojun CHEN Huan LUO Xuling XI Huipeng ZHANG Sirui LUO Guofeng YAN Mengqi ZHEN Qingqing State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Chinese Academy of SciencesPuding 562100China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi'an 710061China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State monitoring of Watershed Guizhou Education UniversityGuiyang 550018China The third institute of surveying and Mapping of Guizhou Provincial Guiyang 550004China The first institute of surveying and Mapping of Guizhou Provincial Guiyang 550025China

Cropland area has long been used as a key indicator of food ***,grain yield is not solely controlled by the area of the ***,we proposed a new indicator to assess food *** show that from 1992 to 2004,the global cropland area increased by 840200 km^(2)(99.4%),but the grain yield increased only by 310 million t(29.1%);and from 2004 to 2015,the cropland area decreased by 39000 km^(2)(4.64%),but the grain yield increased by 370 million t(70.84%).This result showed that grain yield was not linearly correlated with cropland area,and delimiting the threshold of cropland protection may not guarantee food *** with further correlation analysis,we found that the increase in the global grain yield was more closely related to the harvested area(R^(2)=0.94),which indicated that the harvested area is a more scientific and accurate indicator than cropland area in terms of guaranteeing food ***,if governments want to ensure the food security,they should choose a new and more accurate indicator:harvested area rather than cropland area.

关键词： global change food security harvested area cropland area grain yield

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Spatial distribution of supra-permafrost groundwater in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor using inversion models

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 31-41页

作者： Yu GAO Ming-Tang CHAI Wei MA Yu-Tao GAO State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73000China School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Supra-permafrost groundwater(SPG)is a key factor that causes damage to highways and railways in the Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor(QTEC).It is difficult to monitor SPG in the field due to their complex formation mechanisms and movement *** single-site field monitoring studies limit the spatial and temporal precision of SPG spatial *** determine the moisture content of shallow soils and the SPG distribution along the QTEC,this work employed the temperature vegetation dryness index and remote sensing models for groundwater table distribution *** accuracies of the models were validated using mea-surements obtained from different sites in the *** the permafrost zones of the QTEC,72%,22%and 6%of the SPG were located at depths of 0.5-1,1 m,***,79.4%of the area along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway(QTH)(Xidatan-Tanggula)section contained *** these sections with SPG,37.9%have an SPG table at depths of 0.5-0.8 *** study preliminarily explored the SPG distribution in the QTEC with a 30 m *** findings can help improve the spatial scale of SPG research,provide a basis for the analysis of the hydrothermal mechanisms,and serve as a guide in the assessment of operational risks and road structure designs.

关键词： Dryness index landsat Soil moisture Groundwater level Qinghai-Tibet Engineering Corridor

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A method for choice of optimum scale on land use monitoring in Tarim River Basin

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2009年第3期19卷 340-350页

作者：赵金陈曦包安明张超史婉丽 Xinjiang institute of Ecology and Geography CAS Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi Urban institute of Geotechnical Investigation surveying and Mapping China institute of Water resources and Research

Optimal scale is one of the important issues in ecology and *** on land-use data of the Tarim River Basin in Xinjiang of China in the 1950s,regarding the area of land use types as the parameter in scale selecting,the histograms of the patches in area are ***,by reinforcing the normalized scale variances(NSV) with 3 landscape indi-ces,the scale characteristics of land use in the Tarim River Basin can be summarized.(1) NSV in the Tarim River up to a maximum at scale of 1:50,000 which is considered appropriate for the Tarim River.(2) Diversity indices of saline land are consistent with NSV'*** indices and NSV of sandy land showed that the appropriate scale is in the same scale *** is a significant difference between diversity indices and NSV of forestland and shrub-land.(3) Fractal dimension of sandy land and saline land showed a hierarchical structure at a scale of 1:10,*** dimension of forestland and shrubland are distributed under the same hierarchical structure in the region.

关键词： appropriate scale land use monitoring normalized scale variance landscape indices Tarim River Basin

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NATURAL resources AND ECO-ENVIRONMENT MAPPING IN HENAN,CHINA

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Chinese Geographical Science 1995年第4期5卷 374-382页

作者：黄万华郭玉萧李宏伟 The institute of Geography the Henan Academy of Sciences Zhengzhou PRC The Zhengzhou College of surveying and Mapping Zhengzhou PRC

The history is briefly looked back of natural resources and eec-environmental mapping in Henan Province. The main achievements are alsosummed up in following aspects: geographical mapping, soil mapping, land resource mapping, hydrothermal resource mapping, biological resource mapping, ecological mapping, design and compilation of natural resource and environment atlas, and study on cartographic theory and method. The basic characterristics are discussed, they include 1) extensive cartographic field and varied-type map; 2) resource and environment mapping being closely connected with resource investigation and environment research; 3) traditional cartographic method being dominant; 4) cooperation of cartographic researchers. Finally, the future tasks are proposed as follows: compiling a series of large-scale maps and renewing obsolete maps; dynamically monitoring and mapping of natural resource and environment system; mapping of eec-environment; and establishing information system of resource and environment.

关键词： natural resource mapping eco-environment mapping Henan Province

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Early-season crop type mapping using 30-m reference time series

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第7期19卷 1897-1911页

作者： HAO Peng-yu TANG Hua-jun CHEN Zhong-xin MENG Qing-yan KANG Yu-peng Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing Minstry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agrcultural SciencesBejing 100081P.R China Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Geo-Environmental monitoring of Coastal Zone of the National Administration of surveying Mapping and Geo-Information&Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spatial Smart Sensing and ServicesShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060P.R.China institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBejjing 100101P.R.China

Early-season crop type mapping could provide important information for crop growth monitoring and yield prediction,but the lack of ground-surveyed training samples is the main challenge for crop type *** reference time series based method(RBM)has been proposed to identify crop types without the use of ground-surveyed training samples,the methods are not suitable for study regions with small field size because the reference time series are mainly generated using data set with low spatial *** the combination of landsat data and Sentinel-2 data could increase the temporal resolution of 30-m image time series,we improved the RBM by generating reference normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)/enhanced vegetation index(EVI)time series at 30-m resolution(30-m RBM)using both landsat and Sentinel-2 data,then tried to estimate the potential of the reference NDVI/EVI time series for crop identification at early *** a test case,we tried to use the 30-m RBM to identify major crop types in Hengshui,China at early season of 2018,the results showed that when the time series of the entire growing season were used for classification,overall classification accuracies of the 30-m RBM were higher than 95%,which were similar to the accuracies acquired using the ground-surveyed training *** addition,cotton,spring maize and summer maize distribution could be accurately generated 8,6 and 8 weeks before their harvest using the 30-m RBM;but winter wheat can only be accurately identified around the harvest time ***,NDVI outperformed EVI for crop type classification as NDVI had better separability for distinguishing crops at the green-up time *** with the previous RBM,advantage of 30-m RBM is that the method could use the samples of the small fields to generate reference time series and process image time series with missing value for early-season crop casification;while,samples collected from multiple years should be futher

关键词： early season landsat Sentinel-2 reference time series crop classification Hengshui

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Modeling grass yields in Qinghai Province,China,based on MODIS NDVI data--an empirical comparison

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第2期14卷 413-429页

作者： Jianhong LIU Clement ATZBERGER Xin HUANG Kejian SHEN Yongmei LIU Lei WANG Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127China College of Urban and Environmental Science Northwest UniversityXi’an 710127China institute of surveying Remote Sensing and Land InformationUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences(BOKU)Peter Jordan Straße 82Vienna 1190Austria Remote Sensing Center for Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Qinghai Xining 810007China Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering Planning and Design Beijing 100125China

Qinghai Province is one of the four largest pastoral regions in *** monitoring of grass growth and accurate estimation of grass yields are essential for its ecological protection and sustainable *** estimate grass yields in Qinghai,we used the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)time-series data derived from the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)and a pre-existing grassland type *** developed five estimation approaches to quantify the overall accuracy by combining four data pre-processing techniques(original,Savitzky-Golay(SG),Asymmetry Gaussian(AG)and Double Logistic(DL)),three metrics derived from NDVI time series(VImax,VIseason and VImean)and four fitting functions(linear,second-degree polynomial,power function,and exponential function).The five approaches were investigated in terms of overall accuracy based on 556 ground survey samples in *** assessment and evaluation,we applied the best estimation model in each approach to map the fresh grass yields over the entire Qinghai Province in *** indicated that:1)For sample estimation,the crossvalidated overall accuracies increased with the increasing flexibility in the chosen fitting variables,and the best estimation accuracy was obtained by the so called“fully flexible model”with R2 of 0.57 and RMSE of 1140 kg/ha.2)Exponential models generally outperformed linear and power models.3)Although overall similar,strong local discrepancies were identified between the grass yield maps derived from the five *** particular,the two most flexible modeling approaches were too sensitive to errors in the pre-existing grassland type *** led to locally strong overestimations in the modeled grass yields.

关键词： Qinghai Province grass yield remote sensing MODIS vegetation index

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Terroir Suitability Zoning for the Six Prevailing Wine Grape Varieties in ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(with a Focus on the Helan Mountain East) of China

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2019年第5期9卷 278-293页

作者： Hongying Li Xiaoyu Zhang Jing Wang Yahong Zhang Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions China Meteorological AdministrationNingxia Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Prevention and ReductionNingxia Meteorological Science InstituteYinchuan 750002China institute of Viti-viniculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Terroir plays an important role in wine grape production and good wine *** all the aspects of terroir in a given region,climate,soil and variety are the most important *** goal of this study was to evaluate these three aspects of terroir in ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China,with a focus on the Helan Mountain *** on historical weather data during the period 1981 to 2016 from 22 meteorological stations in the research area,the climatic indices were derived,with which the growable zone for wine grape cultivation in the research area was *** synthesizing the climatic indices and soil type data,stepwise and optimization methods were used to divide the growable zone into optimal,suitable,near-suitable and unsuitable zones for the six prevailing wine grape *** the analysis,the six prevailing wine grape varieties include two white wine grape varieties of“Chardonnay”and“Riesling”and four red wine grape varieties of“Cabernet Sauvignon”,“Merlot”,“Pinot Noir”and“Grenache Noir”.With the Geographic Information System(ArcGIS)software,the geographical distributions of these terroir suitability zonings were mapped in the research area according to a small grid simulation *** results showed that the growable zone for wine grapes was mainly focused in most of the northern and central parts of ningxia Hui Autonomous *** particular zone was suitable for the typical red wine varieties like late-maturing“Grenache Noir”,medium-to-late maturing“Cabernet Sauvignon”,medium-maturing“Merlot”and early-maturing“Pinot Noir”.In particular,the optimal zone for these four red wine varieties was centered in Xixia county of Yinchuan city,Pigeon Hill of Qingtongxia city and Baima Township of Zhongning *** the two early-to-medium maturing white wine varieties of“Riesling”and“Chardonnay”,the optimal and suitable zones were in the cool area of the central arid zone and the Qingshui River tributary.

关键词： Wine grape terroir Helan Mountain East China

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