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Development and validation of a prediction model for early screening of people at high risk for colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 450-461页

作者： Ling-Li Xu Yi Lin Li-Yuan Han Yue Wang Jian-Jiong Li Xiao-Yu Dai Department of General Surgery Ningbo No.2 HospitalNingbo 315000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Center for health Economics Faculty of Humanities and Social SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Global health Ningbo Institute of Life and Health IndustryUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315000Zhejiang ProvinceChina School of Public health Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a serious threat *** early screening is suggested to be the most effective method to prevent and control CRC,the current situation of early screening for CRC is still not *** China,the incidence of CRC in the Yangtze River Delta region is increasing dramatically,but few studies have been ***,it is necessary to develop a simple and efficient early screening model for *** To develop and validate an early-screening nomogram model to identify individuals at high risk of *** Data of 64448 participants obtained from ningbo Hospital,China between 2014 and 2017 were retrospectively *** cohort comprised 64448 individuals,of which,530 were excluded due to missing or incorrect *** 63918,7607(11.9%)individuals were considered to be high risk for CRC,and 56311(88.1%)were *** participants were randomly allocated to a training set(44743)or validation set(19175).The discriminatory ability,predictive accuracy,and clinical utility of the model were evaluated by constructing and analyzing receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and calibration curves and by decision curve ***,the model was validated internally using a bootstrap resampling *** Seven variables,including demographic,lifestyle,and family history information,were *** logistic regression analysis revealed that age[odds ratio(OR):1.03,95%confidence interval(CI):1.02-1.03,Plifestyle(OR:0.45,95%CI:0.42-0.48,Plifestyle was a protective factor,whereas family history was the most significant risk *** area under the curve was 0.734(95%CI:0.723-0.745)for the final validation set ROC curve and 0.735(95%CI:0.728-0.742)for the training s

关键词： Colorectal cancer Early screening model High-risk population Nomogram model Questionnaire survey Dietary habit Living habit

Autotomy and Regeneration of Appendages in Crustaceans:A Review

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 731-742页

作者： LIU Lei TAO Dandan WANG Chunlin FU Yuanyuan WANG Sixiang HUANG Xinlian ZHAI Wei SONG Weiwei School of Marine Sciences Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315832China ningbo institute of Oceanography Ningbo 315832China

Autotomy of appendages is a self-protection mechanism in crustaceans,which is defined as the reflexive loss of a limb in response to predation,competition,or other environmental ***-limb injuries were the most common among the species surveyed in the present study,and the chelicerae were the most frequently lost *** autotomy,hormones and signaling pathways are *** of limbs can affect foraging efficiency,although cheliped loss may be compensated by shifting to alternative prey or using both motor and oral *** heterogeneous species,the loss of the major chelae may affect the selectivity of *** can affect crustacean growth by reducing size increases at molting and altering the timing of *** commercial production,removing chelicerae is an effective strategy to reduce cannibalism,and production of soft-shell crabs can be increased via *** autotomy,a new limb will regrow through regeneration and *** process involves the regulation of hormones,regrowth of nerves,and a number of signaling pathways that include the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and transforming growth factorβsignaling *** are somewhat different from vertebrates in terms of *** review provides theoretical guidance about autotomy and regeneration applied in artificial aquaculture,and we offer several suggestions for future research on autotomy and regeneration in crustaceans.

关键词： autotomy regeneration appendages crustaceans

Pushing the frontiers: Chip-based detection based on micro-and nano-structures

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 86-98页

作者： Meihui Liu Xinyuan Zhou Xiao Li Zhenjie Xue Tie Wang Tianjin Key Laboratory of life and health Detection Life and Health Intelligent Research InstituteTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China

Changes in trace substances in human metabolites, which are related to disease processes and health status, can serve as chemical markers for disease diagnosis and symptom monitoring. Real-time online detection is an inevitable trend for the future of health monitoring, and the construction of chips for detection faces major challenges. The response of sensors often fails to meet the requirements for chipbased detection of trace substances due to the low efficiency of interfacial heterogeneous reactions, necessitating a rational design approach for micro-and nano-structures to improve sensor performance with respect to sensitivity and detection limits. This review focuses on the influence of micro-and nanostructures that used in chip on sensing. Firstly, this review categorizes sensors into chemiresistors, electrochemical sensors, fluorescence sensors, and surface enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) sensors based on their sensing principle, which have significant applications in disease diagnosis. Subsequently, commencing from the application requirements in the field of sensing, this review focuses on the different structures of nanoparticle(NP) assemblies, including wire, layered, core-shell, hollow, concave and deformable structures. These structures change in the size, shape, and morphology of conventional structures to achieve characteristics such as ordered alignment, high specific surface area, space limitation,vertical diffusion, and swaying behavior with fluid, thereby addressing issues such as poor signal transmission efficiency, inadequate adsorption and capture capacity, and slow mass transfer speed during sensing. Finally, the design direction of micro-and nano-structures, and possible obstacles and solutions to promote chip-based detection have been discussed. It is hope that this article will inspire the exploration of interface micro-and nano-structures modulated sensing methods.

关键词： Chip-based detection Micro-and nano-structures Real-time online detection Sensing health monitoring

First-principles study of electronic and magnetic properties of Fe atoms on Cu_(2)N/Cu(100)

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第8期33卷 498-503页

作者：陈佳乐胡军 institute of High Pressure Physics School of Physical Science and TechnologyNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China

First-principles calculations were conducted to investigate the structural,electronic,and magnetic properties of single Fe atoms and Fe dimers on Cu_(2)N/Cu(100).Upon adsorption of an Fe atom onto Cu_(2)N/Cu(100),robust Fe-N bonds form,resulting in the incorporation of both single Fe atoms and Fe dimers within the surface Cu_(2)N *** partial occupancy of Fe-3d orbitals lead to large spin moments on the Fe ***,both single Fe atoms and Fe dimers exhibit in-plane magnetic anisotropy,with the magnetic anisotropy energy(MAE)of an Fe dimer exceeding twice that of a single Fe *** magnetic anisotropy can be attributed to the predominant contribution of the component along the x direction of the spin-orbital coupling ***,the formation of Fe-Cu dimers may further boost the magnetic anisotropy,as the energy levels of the Fe-3d orbitals are remarkably influenced by the presence of Cu *** study manifests the significance of uncovering the origin of magnetic anisotropy in engineering the magnetic properties of magnetic nanostructures.

关键词： magnetic nanostructures magnetic anisotropy spin–orbital coupling ultrathin substrate

Bioinspired Closed-loop CPG-based Control of a Robotic Manta for Autonomous Swimming

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 177-191页

作者： Yiwei Hao Yonghui Cao Yingzhuo Cao Xiong Mo Qiaogao Huang Lei Gong Guang Pan Yong Cao School of Marine Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Unmanned Vehicle Innovation Center Ningbo Institute of NPUNingbo 315103China Key Laboratory of Unmanned Underwater Vehicle Technology of Ministry of industry and Information Technology Xi'an 710072China

Fish in nature exhibit a variety of swimming modes such as forward swimming,backward swimming,turning,pitching,etc.,enabling them to swim in complex scenes such as coral *** is still difficult for a robotic fish to swim autonomously in a confined area as a real ***,we develop an untethered robotic manta as an experimental platform,which consists of two flexible pectoral fins and a tail fin,with three infrared sensors installed on the front,left,and right sides of the head to sense the surrounding *** generate multiple swimming modes of the robotic manta and online switching of different modes,we design a closed-loop Central Pattern Generator(CPG)controller based on distance information and use a combination of phase difference and amplitude of the CPG model to achieve stable and rapid adjustment of yaw *** verify the autonomous swimming ability of the robotic manta in complex scenes,we design an experimental scenario with a concave *** experimental results show that the robotic manta can achieve forward swimming,backward swimming,in situ turning within the concave obstacle,and finally exit from the area safely while relying on the perception of external obstacles,which can provide insight into the autonomous exploration of complex scenes by the biomimetic robotic ***,the swimming ability of the robotic manta is verified by field tests.

关键词： Biomimetic robotic manta Central Pattern Generator Closed-loop control Backward swimming

Nonlinear photonic quasi-periodic spiral

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第3期22卷 112-117页

作者：曾静王森赵如薇刘永兴徐铁峰盛艳徐天翔 Laboratory of Infrared Materials and Devices Research Institute of Advanced TechnologiesNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Materials and Devices Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China ningbo institute of Oceanography Ningbo 315832China Department of Quantum Science and Technology Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia

The design of nonlinear photonic Vogel's spiral based on quasi-crystal theory was *** main parameters of Vogel's spiral were arranged to obtain multi-reciprocal *** structure was fabricated by the near-infrared femtosecond laser poling technique,forming a nonlinear photonic structure,and multiple ring-like nonlinear Raman±Nath second-harmonic generation processes were realized and analyzed in *** structure for the cascaded thirdharmonic generation process was *** results could help deepen the understanding of Vogel's spiral and quasi-crystal and pave the way for the combination of quasi-crystal theory with more aperiodic structures.

关键词： nonlinear photonic quasi-crystal second-harmonic generation Vogel's spiral nonlinear Raman-Nath diffraction femtosecond laser poling

Near resonance vibration isolation on a levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped system by differential preloads/offsets in linear springs

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1033-1050页

作者： T.I.TOLUWALOJU C.K.THEIN D.HALIM Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100Zhejiang ProvinceChina Nottingham ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315048Zhejiang ProvinceChina

The levered-dual response(LEDAR)Coulomb-damped system attains near resonant vibration isolation by differential preloads/offsets in linear *** takes the advantages of both the preloads/offsets in linear springs and the guiderail friction for realizing different levels of vibration *** isolation capacities are investigated on the strategies with both the horizontal and vertical guiderails,with the horizontal rail only,and without *** compressive preloads generally result in the consumption of most of the initial excitation energy so as to overcome the potential *** isolation onsets at the frequency ratio of 1∓0.095 on the left-hand side(LHS)and the right-hand side(RHS)of the lever are relative to the load plate *** observed near resonant isolation thus makes the LEDAR system a candidate for the isolation of the mechanical systems about resonance while opening a path for simultaneous harvesterisolation functions and passive functions at extreme frequencies.

关键词： lever ratio Coulomb damping preload tension/compression isolation band/depth offset potential

Carrier transport barrier in AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet LEDs on offcut sapphire substrates

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第2期22卷 148-158页

作者：陈秋爽陈荔陈聪高歌郭炜叶继春 ningbo institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Ningbo 315201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

AlGaN-based light-emitting diodes(LEDs)on offcut substrates enhance radiative emission via forming carrier localization centers in multiple quantum wells(MQWs).This study introduces the carrier transport barrier concept,accessing its impact on the quantum efficiency of LEDs grown on different offcut sapphire substrates.A significantly enhanced internal quantum efficiency(IQE)of 83.1%is obtained from MQWs on the 1°offcut sapphire,almost twice that of the controlled 0.2°offcut ***,1°offcut LEDs have higher turn-on voltage and weaker electroluminescence than 0.2°*** calculations demonstrate the existence of a potential barrier on the current path around the step-induced Ga-rich ***-rich stripes reduce the turn-on voltage but restrict sufficient driving current,impacting LED performance.

关键词： carrier localization step-bunching potential barrier offcut substrate DUV LEDs

Transparency:The Missing Link to Boosting AI Transformations in Chemical Engineering

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 45-60页

作者： Yue Yuan Donovan Chaffart Tao Wu Jesse Zhu ningbo institute of Digital Twin Eastern Institute of TechnologyNingbo 315200China Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The University of Western OntarioLondonON N6G 5B8Canada College of Engineering Eastern Institute of TechnologyNingbo 315200China China Beacons institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100China

The issue of opacity within data-driven artificial intelligence(AI)algorithms has become an impediment to these algorithms’extensive utilization,especially within sensitive domains concerning health,safety,and high profitability,such as chemical engineering(CE).In order to promote reliable AI utilization in CE,this review discusses the concept of transparency within AI utilizations,which is defined based on both explainable AI(XAI)concepts and key features from within the CE *** review also highlights the requirements of reliable AI from the aspects of causality(i.e.,the correlations between the predictions and inputs of an AI),explainability(i.e.,the operational rationales of the workflows),and informativeness(i.e.,the mechanistic insights of the investigating systems).Related techniques are evaluated together with state-of-the-art applications to highlight the significance of establishing reliable AI applications in ***,a comprehensive transparency analysis case study is provided as an example to enhance ***,this work provides a thorough discussion of this subject matter in a way that—for the first time—is particularly geared toward chemical engineers in order to raise awareness of responsible AI *** this vital missing link,AI is anticipated to serve as a novel and powerful tool that can tremendously aid chemical engineers in solving bottleneck challenges in CE.

关键词： Transparency Explainable AI Reliability Causality Explainability Informativeness Hybrid modeling Physics-informed