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The feasibility for natural graphite to replace artificial graphite in organic electrolyte with different film-forming additives

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第4期56卷 58-69页

作者： Shaojun Niu Guobin Zhu Kai Wu Honghe Zheng College of Energy Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Contemporary amperex technology limited Ningde 352100China

The feasibility for natural graphite(NG)to replace artificial graphite(AG)in organic electrolytes with different additives are *** the strong film-forming additives contributes to form robust solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)film on graphite particle surface,great differences in gas evolution,lithium inventory loss and other side reactions are *** bis(oxalato)borate(Li BOB)and fluoroethylene carbonate(FEC)are found more effective and the combination shows to be more *** the optimized electrolyte,natural graphite anode exhibits excellent long-term cycling *** 800 cycles at high temperature,the capacity retention is comparable to that using artificial *** mechanisms for the capacity-fading of the full cells with AG and NG anode are investigated by ICP,SEM and polarization *** results shows that NG electrode consumes more active lithium due to the rough surface and larger volume *** rapid capacity-fading in the initial 100 cycles is related to the instability of the SEI film aroused from large volume *** systematic analysis is inspiriting for the development of high performance lithium ion batteries with reduced cost.

关键词： Lithium ion batteries Natural graphite Electrolyte additive Solid electrolyte interphase

Mechanical behavior analysis of high power commercial lithium-ion batteries

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第6期58卷 315-322页

作者： Ruicheng Shen Shaojun Niu Guobin Zhu Kai Wu Honghe Zheng College of Energy Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Contemporary amperex technology limited Ningde 352100China

In application,lithium-ion cells undergo expansion during *** mechanical behavior and the impact of external stress on lithium-ion battery are important in vehicle *** this work,18 Ah high power commercial cell with Li Ni_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_(2)/graphite electrode were adopted.A commercial compress machine was applied to monitor the mechanical characteristics under different stage of charge(SOC),lifetime and initial external *** dynamic and steady force was obtained and the results show that the dynamic force increases as the SOC increasing,*** the lifetime with high power driving mode,different external force is shown to have a great impact on the long-term cell performance,with higher stresses result in higher capacity decay rates and faster impedance increases.A proper initial external force(900 N)provides lower impedance *** analysis of the cells with2000 N initial force suggests a close correlation between electrochemistry and mechanics in which higher initial force leads to higher direct current internal resistance(DCIR)increase *** addition,for the cell with higher external force,deformation of the cathode and thicker solid electrolyte interface(SEI)film on the surface of anode and separator are *** reduction and closure was also verified after cycles which is an obstacle to the lithium ion *** largest cause of the observed capacity decline was the loss of active lithium through autopsy *** addition,for the cell with higher external force,deformation of the cathode and thicker SEI film on the surface of anode and separator are *** reduction and closure was also verified after cycles which is an obstacle to the lithium ion *** largest cause of the observed capacity decline was the loss of active lithium through autopsy analysis.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries External mechanical pressure Capacity fade Static pressure Dynamic pressure

Decouple charge transfer reactions in the Li-ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 759-798页

作者： Yuxuan Bai Qiu-An Huang Kai Wu Jiujun Zhang Institute for Sustainable Energy/College of Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China ningde Contemporary Innovation Laboratory Contemporary Amperex Technology Co.LimitedNingde 352100FujianChina

In the development of Li-ion batteries(LIBs)with high energy/power density,long cycle-life,fast charging,and high safety,an insight into charge transfer reactions is *** electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)is regarded as a powerful diagnosis tool,it is not a direct but an indirect *** respect to this,some critical questions need to be answered:(i)why EIS can reflect the kinetics of charge transfer reactions;(ii)what the inherent logical relationship between impedance models under different physical scenes is;(iii)how charge transfer reactions compete with each other at multiple *** work aims at answering these questions via developing a theory framework so as to mitigate the blindness and uncertainty in unveiling charge transfer reactions in *** systematically answer the above questions,this article is organized into a three-in-one(review,tutorial,and research)type and the following contributions are made:(i)a brief review is given for impedance model development of the LIBs over the past half century;(ii)an open source code toolbox is developed based on the unified impedance model;(iii)the competive mechanisms of charge transfer reactions are unveiled based on the developed EIS-Toolbox@*** work not only clarifies theoretical fundamentals,but also provides an easy-to-use open source code for EIS-Toolbox@LIB to optimize fast charge/discharge,mitigate cycle aging,and improve energy/power density.

关键词： Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Unified impedance model Charge transfer reactions Solid/electrolyte diffusion Porous electrode EIS-Toolbox@LIB

Stable cycling of practical high-voltage LiCoO_(2)pouch cell via electrolyte modification

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Nano Research 2023年第3期16卷 3864-3871页

作者： Chao Tang Yawei Chen Zhengfeng Zhang Wenqiang Li Junhua Jian Yulin Jie Fanyang Huang Yehu Han Wanxia Li Fuping Ai Ruiguo Cao Pengfei Yan Yuhao Lu Shuhong Jiao Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy ConversionDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China ningde amperex technology limited(ATL) Ningde 352100China Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Properties of Solids Faculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Nitriles as efficient electrolyte additives are widely used in high-voltage lithium-ion ***,their working mechanisms are still mysterious,especially in practical high-voltage LiCoO_(2)pouch lithium-ion ***,we adopt a tridentate ligandcontaining 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile(HTCN)as an effective electrolyte additive to shed light on the mechanism of stabilizing high-voltage LiCoO_(2)cathode(4.5 V)through *** LiCoO_(2)/graphite pouch cells with the HTCN additive electrolyte possess superior cycling performance,90%retention of the initial capacity after 800 cycles at 25℃,and 72%retention after 500 cycles at 45℃,which is feasible for practical *** an excellent cycling performance can be attributed to the stable interface:The HTCN molecules with strong electron-donating ability participate in the construction of cathode-electrolyte interphase(CEI)through coordinating with Co ions,which suppresses the decomposition of electrolyte and improves the structural stability of LiCoO_(2)during *** summary,the work recognizes a coordinating-based interphase-forming mechanism as an effective strategy to optimize the performance of high voltage LiCoO_(2)cathode with appropriate electrolyte additives for practical pouch batteries.

关键词： LiCoO_(2) high voltage nitrile additive interface adsorption pouch cell electrolyte modification

Ultra-stable K metal anode enabled by oxygen-rich carbon cloth

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Nano Research 2020年第11期13卷 3137-3141页

作者： Yangyang Xie Junxian Hu Zexun Han Hailin Fan Jingyu Xu Yanqing Lai Zhian Zhang School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Contemporary amperex technology Co. Ltd.Ningde352100China

The K metal batteries are emerged as promising alternatives beyond commercialized Li-ion ***,suppressing uncontrolled dendrite is crucial to the accomplishment of K metal ***,an oxygen-rich treated carbon cloth(TCC)has been designed as the K plating host to guide K homogeneous nucleation and suppress the dendrite *** density function theory calculations and experimental results demonstrate that abundant oxygen functional groups as K-philic sites on TCC can guide K nucleation and deposition *** a result,the TCC electrode exhibits an ultra-long-life over 800 cycles at high current density of 3.0 mA·cm^(−2)for 3.0 mA·h·cm^(−2).Furthermore,the symmetrical cells can run stably for 2,000 h with low over-potential less than 20 mV at 1.0 mA·cm^(−2)for 1.0 mA·h·cm^(−2).Even at a higher current of 5.0 mA·cm^(−2),the TCC electrode can still stably cycle for 1,400 h.

关键词： K metal anode dendrite oxygen-rich treated carbon cloth K-philic sites ultra-long-life

My Suggestion to the future of China’s New Energy Vehicle

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国际人才交流 2019年第7期 70-71页

作者： Robert Galyen Contemporary amperex technology Co. LimitedNingdeFujian

I first came to China for work in 2012 and now is the chief technology officer of ningde Contemporary amperex technology Co.,limited(hereinafter referred to as CATL).During my more than seven years of working in China,I have personally experienced the rapid development of China’s new energy vehicles,and witnessed the whole process of growing up as a wellknown supplier of power batteries of CATL.

关键词： China My Suggestion to the future of China’s New Energy Vehicle

Misfit strains inducing voltage decay in LiMn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4)/C

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 206-212页

作者： Chun Luo Yao Jiang Xinxin Zhang Chuying Ouyang Xiaobin Niu Liping Wang School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731SichuanChina C Innovation Laboratory Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd.(21C LAB)Ningde 352100FujianChina

LiMn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4) is considered a promising cathode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) due to its high energy density and low cost. Its energy density degradation is often ascribed to the capacity loss during cycling. However, in this study, we find that the energy density degradation mainly roots in voltage decay. We have synthesized a series of LiMn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4) /C(0.5 ≤ y ≤ 0.8) and find this voltage decay is correlated with the Mn content. A high amount Mn leads to a heavier voltage ***-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) reveal the nature of this effect, which show a mismatch along the b-axis of-2.68%(charge) and +3.4%(discharge), a volume misfit of-4.41%(charge) and +4.54%(discharge) between Li_(x)Mn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4) and Mn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4) during phase transitions. The resultant misfit strains during Li+insertion compared to extraction result in structural degradations, such as amorphization and impurity(Mn F3) accumulation after cycling. The voltage decay can be alleviated by kinetic relaxations and recovered by a wild reannealing. This work demonstrates effective strategies to improve the energy density and cycling performance of LiMn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4) /C,providing good references for other LIB cathodes, such as the Li-rich cathodes.

关键词： Olivine cathodes LiMn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4)/C Voltage decay Misfit strains Structural degradation

Bending and wave propagation analysis of axially functionally graded beams based on a reformulated strain gradient elasticity theory

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第10期44卷 1803-1820页

作者： Shaopeng WANG Jun HONG Dao WEI Gongye ZHANG Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Engineering Mechanics School of Civil EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Contemporary amperex technology Co. Ltd.Ningde 352100Fujian ProvinceChina

A new size-dependent axially functionally graded(AFG) micro-beam model is established with the application of a reformulated strain gradient elasticity theory(RSGET). The new micro-beam model incorporates the strain gradient, velocity gradient,and couple stress effects, and accounts for the material variation along the axial direction of the two-component functionally graded beam. The governing equations and complete boundary conditions of the AFG beam are derived based on Hamilton's principle. The correctness of the current model is verified by comparing the static behavior results of the current model and the finite element model(FEM) at the micro-scale. The influence of material inhomogeneity and size effect on the static and dynamic responses of the AFG beam is studied. The numerical results show that the static and vibration responses predicted by the newly developed model are different from those based on the classical model at the micro-scale. The new model can be applied not only in the optimization of micro acoustic wave devices but also in the design of AFG micro-sensors and micro-actuators.

关键词： Timoshenko beam theory reformulated strain gradient elastic theory(RSGET) axially functionally graded(AFG)material Hamilton's principle

Recent Progress in and Perspectives on Emerging Halide Superionic Conductors for All‑Solid‑State Batteries

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Electrochemical Energy Reviews 2023年第1期6卷 234-279页

作者： Kaiyong Tuo Chunwen Sun Shuqin Liu School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China 21C Innovation Laboratory Contemporary Amperex Technology Ltd.(21C LAB)Ningde 352100FujianChina

Rechargeable all-solid-state batteries(ASSBs)are considered to be the next generation of devices for electrochemical energy *** development of solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)is one of the most crucial subjects in the field of energy storage *** newly emerging halide SSEs have recently been intensively studied for application in ASSBs due to their favorable combination of high ionic conductivity,exceptional chemical and electrochemical stability,and superior mechanical *** this review,a critical overview of the development,synthesis,chemical stability and remaining challenges of halide SSEs is *** design strategies for optimizing the ionic conductivity of halide SSEs,such as element substitution and crystal structure design,are summarized in ***,the associated chemical stability issues in terms of solvent compatibility,humid air stability and corresponding degradation mechanisms are *** particular,advanced in situ/operando characterization techniques applied to halide-based ASSBs are *** addition,a comprehensive understanding of the interface issues,cost issues,and scalable processing challenges faced by halide-based ASSBs for practical application is ***,future perspectives on how to design high-performance electrode/electrolyte materials are given,which are instructive for guiding the development of halide-based ASSBs for energy conversion and storage.

关键词： Halide solid-state electrolytes Synthesis Ionic conductivity Chemical stability In situ/operando characterization All-solid-state batteries