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Late Diagnosis of Turner Syndrome in Adulthood;a Case Study from the Endocrinology-Diabetology Nutrition Department of the National hospital of Pikine Senegal

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第5期14卷 115-122页

作者： Nafy Ndiaye Yakham Mohamed Leye Ngone Diaba Diack Mamadou Ba Bibatou Abdoulaye Leye Abdou Aziz Diouf Alassane Diouf Jean Pascal Demba Diop Internal Medicine/Endocrinology-Diabetology Department Teaching Hospital of Pikine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Gynaecology-Obstetric Teaching Hospital of Pikine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Department of Human Genetic Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Turner syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterised by the presence of one X chromosome and the absence of part or all of an X or Y chromosome and patients may experience delayed puberty and infertility. Our study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic delay in our practice and analyze the impact of this diagnostic delay on the effectiveness of patient management. Patients and Methods: Turner syndrome patients were identified from the endocrinology-diabetology nutrition department Database We examined the records of patients in whom the karyotype analysis favoured Turner syndrome. Results: We have selected 5 patients’ records of female patients with Turner syndrome. The mean age was 25, ranging from 19 to 29 years. Primary amenorrhea and characteristic dysmorphic features were observed in all patients. One married patient, who sought consultation for infertility, expressed a desire for pregnancy. Short stature was identified in 3 patients. Primary hypothyroidism and hypertension were respectively found in 1 and 2 patients. Gonadal dysgenesis was noted in 100% of cases. Karyotype analysis revealed monosomy X in 2 patients and mosaic patterns in others. All patients received estrogen-progestin treatment. Antihypertensive therapy was initiated for 2 patients. One patient is on L-thyroxine. In the short term, treatment led to the onset of menstruation after the initial months. Evaluation of treatment efficacy on internal genital organs is yet to be performed. Due to uncertain benefits at this age, growth hormone therapy was not considered for our patients. We provided counseling on assisted reproductive options for couples desiring to conceive. In our study, all patients were placed on estrogen-progestin therapy, and the response appeared favorable. Conclusion: In our practice, the diagnosis of Turner syndrome occurs very late in adulthood, at an age when growth hormone treatment is nearly ineffective. Treatment typically revolves around estrogen-progestin

关键词： Turner Syndrome Primary Amenorrhea Adult Pikine

Exposure to ephedrine attenuates Th1/Th2 imbalance underlying OVA-induced asthma through airway epithelial cell-derived exo-somal lnc-TRPM2-AS

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2024年第6期22卷 530-540页

作者： HU Yan WANG Mengqing XIE Jing JIAO Luojia DING Yi LUO Yinhe Department of Pediatrics The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410007China Hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208China Department of Rehabilitation Medical CollegeChangsha Civil Affairs Vocational and Technical CollegeChangsha 410004Hunan ProvinceChina teaching and Research Office of Chinese and Western Combination Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208China

Although various anti-inflammatory medications,such as ephedrine,are employed to manage cough-variant asthma,their underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully *** studies suggest that exosomes derived from airway epithelial cells(AECs)contain components like messenger RNAs(mRNAs),micro-RNAs(miRNAs),and long noncoding RNA(lncRNA),which play roles in the occurrence and progression of airway *** study investigates the influence of AEC-derived exosomes on the efficacy of ephedrine in treating cough-variant *** established a mouse model of asthma and measured airway resist-ance and serum inflammatory cell ***-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR),Western blotting,and enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay(ELISA)analyses were used to assess gene and protein expression *** were isolated and *** immunoprecipitation(RIP)and RNA pull-down assays were conducted to examine the interaction between hnRNPA2B1 and *** the ovalbumin(OVA)-challenged mouse model,ephedrine treatment reduced inflammatory responses,air-way resistance,and Th1/Th2 cell *** from OVA-treated AECs showed elevated levels of lnc-TRPM2-AS1,which were diminished following ephedrine *** exosomal lnc-TRPM2-AS1 mediated the Th1/Th2 imbalance in CD4^(+)T cells,with its packaging into exosomes being facilitated by *** study unveils a novel mechanism by which ephedrine ameli-orates OVA-induced CD4^(+)T cell imbalance by suppressing AEC-derived exosomal *** findings could provide a theoretical framework for using ephedrine in asthma treatment.

关键词： Asthma Ephedrine Exosomal lnc-TRPM2-AS1 Th1/Th2 imbalance HnRNPA2B1 Airway epithelial cells

Early Treatment Outcome of Humeral Shaft Fracture Non-Union in Adults: Comparative Study of Plating versus Interlocking Nailing

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Health 2024年第4期16卷 371-381页

作者： Abdullallahi Bello Galadima Lukman Olalekan Ajiboye Muhammad Nuhu Salihu Isha Nurudeen Orthopedics and Trauma Department Usmanu Danfodiyo University/Teaching Hospital Sokoto Nigeria Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma University of Abuja Abuja Nigeria Orthopedic Department National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala Nigeria

Background: Fractures of humeral shaft in adults are common injuries. Humeral shafts non-union either from late presentation after initial treatment by traditional bone setters or failed non-operative orthodox care is a major problem in this part of the world. This non-union is a major treatment challenge with increased cost of care and morbidity in this part of the world. Humeral shaft non-union can be treated with locked intra-medullary nailing (LIMN) or dynamic compression plating (DCP). Study on comparison of these methods of fixation in this part of the world is scarce in literature search, hence the reason for this study. Objective: The objectives of this study are: (1) to compare early clinical outcome following fixation of humeral shaft fracture nonunion with DCP versus LIMN;(2) to compare the time of radiologic fracture union of DCP with LIMN;(3) to compare complications following fixation of humeral shaft fracture nonunion with DCP versus LIMN. Patients and Methods: This was a randomized control study done for 2 years in which fifty adult patients with humeral shaft non-union were recruited. The patients were grouped into 2 (P = DCP & N = LIMN). Forty five of the patients completed the follow up periods of the study and then analyzed. The P group had ORIF with DCP while the N group had ORIF with LIMN. Both groups had grafting with cancellous bones. Each patient was followed up for a period of 6 months at the time which radiographic union is expected. Any patient without clinical and/or radiographic evidence of union after six months of surgery was diagnosed as having recurrent non-union. The data generated was analyzed using SPSS Version 23. The results were presented in charts and tables. The paired t-test was used while considering p value Result: Forty five patients completed follow up. There was a male preponderance (4:1), right humerus predominated (3:2). Motor vehicular accidents were the commonest cause of the fractures (62%). Most non-union fractur

关键词： Humeral Shaft Non-Union Dynamic Compression Plating Locked Intra-Medullary Nailing Early Treatment Outcome Early Outcome

Epidemiology and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in the Internal Medicine Department of the Bouake University hospital (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期14卷 289-299页

作者： Nguessan Michel Konan Stéphane Yapa Lauret Kouassi Tiépé Rokia Ouattara Kadidiata Touré Fiacre Abbé Georges Stéphane Koffi Bourhaïma Ouattara Department of Internal Medicine Treichville Teaching Hospital Abidjan Cte dIvoire Medical Sciences Training and Research Unit Flix Houphouet Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Internal Medicine Teaching Hospital of Bouake Bouake Cte dIvoire Medical Sciences Training and Research Unit Alassane Ouattara University Bouake Cte dIvoire

Background and Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a public health problem due to its high incidence and high mortality rate. The epidemiology and prognosis of this disease is poorly documented in Bouake. The aim of the study was to describe the epidemiological aspects and identify the predictors of death in patients hospitalized for HCC in the Internal Medicine Department of the Bouake University hospital in order to improve patient management. Material and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2022 in the Internal Medicine Department of Bouake University hospital, involving 160 patients. Results: The prevalence of HCC was 3.6%, the mean age was 48.86 ± 14.5 years with extremes of 14 and 90 years and the sex ratio was 2.90. Viral hepatitis B was observed in 81% of patients, with HBs Ag positivity in 71.2%. The performance status of WHO was ≥ 2 in 93.2% of cases. HCC was discovered at advanced stage respectively in 51% for BCLC C and 47.8% for BCLC D stage. The nodules were multiple (89.3%), and superior to 3 cm. The hospital mortality was 20% and BCLC D stage of HCC was significantly associated with death (p = 0.04) in the univariate analysis. The BCLC D stage of HCC was significantly associated with death. Length of stay inferior to 5 days (OR = 0.77;CI 95: 0.61 - 0.96) and hepatic encephalopathy (OR = 1.39;CI 95: 1.10 - 1.77), were the two independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion: HCC mainly affected young men infected with chronic viral hepatitis B. Short length of stay and hepatic encephalopathy were independent predictors of mortality.

关键词： Liver Cancer Viral Hepatitis Death West Africa

Evaluation of Some Treatment Options Inlate and Neglected Hip Fractures Using the Modified Harris Hip Score

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期14卷 259-269页

作者： Shaphat Shuaibu Ibrahim Abubakar Musa Olaoluwa Moses Shodipo Emuan Timothy Zailani Buhari Stephen Yusuf Mienda Isa Department of Orthopaedics Abubakar Tafawa-Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH) Bauchi Nigeria Orthopaedic Unit Department of Surgery FMC Bida Nigeria

Background: The choice of the appropriate operative intervention in patients with late and neglected hip fracture continuous to be a huge dilemma for orthopedic surgeons. Purpose: To evaluate the satisfaction or otherwise of some treatment options using the modified Harris-hip score (HHS) in resource poor setting. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at ATBUTH, Bauchi. Data of 60 patients over the age of 18 years with hip fractures (femoral neck, intertrochanteric and sub trochanteric fractures) who had operative intervention between 1st September 2019 and 31st August 2020 with cannulated screws, Proximal femur lock compression plate (PFLCP), cementlessor cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA). Results: The mean age of studied patients was 65.7 ± 16.1 years, with age ranging from 19 - 101 years. M:F ratio was 1.2:1 across all age groups and 1:1.4 amongst those >60 years. 51 patients (85%) presented > 1 week after injury with 24 patients (40%) sustaining hip fractures from low energy trivial indoor fall and 28 patients (46.7%) mostly younger sustaining fractures from high energy motor vehicular accident (MVA). The prevalence rate for femoral neck, intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures were 32 (53.3%), 17 (28.3%) and 11 (18.3%) respectively. From the data retrieved, 21patients (35.0%), 17 patients (28.3%), 20 patients (33.3%) and 2 patients (3.3%) had PFLCP, cemented BHA, cementless BHA and cannulated screw fixation respectively. Most (66.7%) of those who had PFLCP achieved satisfactory radiologic union and there was also 94.1% and 85% satisfactory outcome rate amongst the patients with cemented BHA and cementless BHA respectively. Irrespective of the operative intervention method at 1 year follow-up, there was a statistically significant improvement in post-operative HHS (P value 0.02), with 83.4% having good to excellent results. Conclusion: There is highrate of late and neglected hip fracture in our environment. Satisfac

关键词： Hip Fracture Late and Neglected BHA PFLCP Cannulatedscrew Outcome Measures HHS

Audits of Death in HIV-Infected Children and Adolescents Followed up in the Pediatric Department of the Regional teaching hospital of Borgou/Alibori from 2005 to 2020

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 285-296页

作者： Alphonse Noudamadjo Mohamed Falilatou Agbeille Dénagan Kévin Amoussou Médétinmè Gérard Kpanidja Lahanatou Séidou Chantal Chabi Réckya Kilaya Julien Didier Adédémy Agossou Joseph Mother and Child Department Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Pediatric Department Regional Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori Parakou Benin

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a major public health problem with high morbidity and mortality among children. The objective of this work was to audit the deaths of children and adolescents with HIV infection followed up in the pediatric department of the Regional teaching hospital of Borgou/Alibori (CHUDB/A) the from 2005 to 2020. Patients and Method: This was a retrospective and descriptive study conducted in the pediatric department of CHUD/B-A in Parakou. All children with HIV infection who died from January 1, 2005 to August 31, 2020 were included. Data collection was carried out in three stages: a phase of medical records processing, a phase of community survey and a phase of death audits. The variables studied were sociodemographic, clinical, biological, therapeutic and evolutionary. Results: Over the study period, the data of 464 infected children were recorded, including 92 deaths, representing a case fatality rate of 19.83%. Severe acute malnutrition (69.23%), gastro-intestinal tract infections (43.58%) and serious opportunistic pulmonary infections (24.36% pulmonary tuberculosis and 19.23% pneumocystis) were the main causes of death. The main dysfunctions found were: the delayed diagnosis of HIV infection (79.35%), the absence or delay in consultation when the child’s clinical condition deteriorates (32.61% and 47.83%), delayed initiation of antiretroviral treatment (42.39%) and non-adherence to treatment (38.04%). Non-adherence to treatment was predominant in adolescents (90.49%). Conclusion: Specific interventions for early detection, adequate nutritional care, psychosocial support for adolescents and mothers of children are necessary to reduce mortality due to HIV among children and adolescents.

关键词： HIV Death Children Adolescents Dysfunctions Benin

The COVID-19 Pandemic: Present or Gone, Where Do Adolescents Stand?

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 374-386页

作者： Ifueko Enadeghe Ayebo Sadoh Emmanuel U. Eyo-Ita Phillip O. Abiodun Department of Child Health University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin City Nigeria Institute of Child Health University of Benin Benin City Nigeria

Introduction: The initial global response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic focused on adults as adolescents mainly had subclinical infections. Adolescents, however, could transmit the virus and hence be a risk to the elderly, young children and immunocompromised. Adolescents are also at risk of long-term complications. This study sought to determine the prevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 among adolescents in Southern Nigeria, and to determine the association between SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and age, gender, socioeconomic class, school type and nutritional status. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Edo state of southern Nigeria. We recruited 270 in-school adolescents aged 10 - 19 years. A WHO-adapted, pre-tested questionnaire was used to obtain data on participant history and risk factors. The questionnaire was interviewer-administered. Adolescents whose parents gave consent were recruited through a multi-stage randomized sampling method. Capillary blood for the assay was collected and analysed using a lateral-flow immunoassay device. The primary outcome was serostatus of the study. The positive predictors of serostatus were finally determined using a multiple logistics regression model. Statistical significance was set at p Results: The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was 45.9%. IgM antibodies were found in 5.6% of participants. Older adolescents had higher seropositivity rates than younger adolescents (2 = 8.101, p = 0.017). There was no association between gender and seropositivity. Adolescents in public schools were more likely to be seropositive than those in private schools (2 = 25.242, p = 0.001). A higher seroprevalence was noticed among study participants in the lower socioeconomic class (x2 = 6.928, p = 0.031), and those in overcrowded classes. (2 = 79.303, p = 0.001). Conclusion: This study showed a high seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among in-school adolescents. Behavioural change communication on SARS-CoV-2, vaccination of adole

关键词： Pandemic Adolescents Seroprevalence COVID-19

Research Progress on the Bone Metastasis Mechanism of Prostate Cancer and Bone-Targeted Drugs

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Proceedings of Anticancer Research 2024年第4期8卷 30-34页

作者： Xiaoqing Zhang Bifeng Fu Ruiyu Mu Chunxin Jia Jiayu Li Haibo Xie Si Wu Ping Wang Aifeng Liu Guang Yang Xingyu Jiang Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300381China Department of Oncology First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300381China National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion Tianjin 300381China

Prostate cancer is a common male malignant tumor,and bone metastasis is one of the common complications in the late stage of prostate *** mechanism of prostate cancer bone metastasis is a complex process involving multiple factors and *** recent years,with in-depth research on the mechanism of prostate cancer bone metastasis and the development of new drugs,important progress has been made in the treatment of prostate cancer bone *** on this,this article introduces the mechanism of prostate cancer bone metastasis and the research progress of several bone-targeted drugs to provide reference and inspiration for future research.

关键词： Prostate cancer Bone metastasis Mechanism Bone targeting drugs Cancer cell

Resistant Pulmonary TB-HIV Co-Infection in an Infant: About a Case

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 420-425页

作者： Mariam Maiga Pierre Togo Tati Simaga Mariam Traoré Moussa Konaté Mamadou Diallo Alou Samaké Mamadou Keïta Korotoumou Wélé Diallo Djibril Kassogué Pediatrics Department Distric VI Reference Health Center Bamako Mali Paediatrics Department Gabriel Touré Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali Pediatrics Department Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Paediatrics Department Timbuktu Regional Hospital Bamako Mali

Diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis (TB) is difficult, especially in resource-limited countries where the number of reported cases of TB-HIV co-infection continues to rise. This co-infection poses a diagnostic and therapeutic problem for caregivers. We report a case of rifampicin-resistant HIV-TB pulmonary coinfection in a 19-month-old infant.

关键词： Tuberculosis Rifampicin Resistance HIV Infants