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Alpha-synuclein in mitochondrial dysfunction:opportunities or obstacles

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 197-198页

作者： Shermali Gunawardena Department of Biological Sciences The State University of New York at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA

Recent work suggests a link betweenα-synuclein(α-syn)and mitochondrial dysfunction;however,the mechanisms of howα-syn influences mitochondrial function are still *** notably,whetherα-syn plays a direct role during mitochondrial function and/or whether diseasedα-syn-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction is a potential modifiable risk factor in Parkinson’s disease(PD)is *** date,mutations in more than eight genes cause familial PD(fPD)and have functions in diverse pathways including synaptic homeostasis,mitochondria maintenance,autophagy/lysosome,and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways.

关键词： dysfunction homeostasis Alpha

Exploiting fly models to investigate rare human neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 21-28页

作者： Tomomi Tanaka Hyung-Lok Chung Department of Neurology Houston Methodist Research InstituteHoustonTXUSA Department of Neurology Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNYUSA

Rare neurological diseases,while individually are rare,collectively impact millions globally,leading to diverse and often severe neurological *** attributed to genetic mutations that disrupt protein function or structure,understanding their genetic basis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and targeted *** investigate the underlying pathogenesis of these conditions,researchers often use non-mammalian model organisms,such as Drosophila(fruit flies),which is valued for their genetic manipulability,cost-efficiency,and preservation of genes and biological functions across evolutionary *** tools available in Drosophila,including CRISPR-Cas9,offer a means to manipulate gene expression,allowing for a deep exploration of the genetic underpinnings of rare neurological *** boasts a versatile genetic toolkit,rapid generation turnover,and ease of large-scale experimentation,making it an invaluable resource for identifying potential drug *** can expose flies carrying disease-associated mutations to various compounds,rapidly pinpointing promising therapeutic agents for further investigation in mammalian models and,ultimately,clinical *** this comprehensive review,we explore rare neurological diseases where fly research has significantly contributed to our understanding of their genetic basis,pathophysiology,and potential therapeutic *** discuss rare diseases associated with both neuron-expressed and glial-expressed *** cases include mutations in CDK19 resulting in epilepsy and developmental delay,mutations in TIAM1 leading to a neurodevelopmental disorder with seizures and language delay,and mutations in IRF2BPL causing seizures,a neurodevelopmental disorder with regression,loss of speech,and abnormal *** we explore mutations in EMC1 related to cerebellar atrophy,visual impairment,psychomotor retardation,and gain-of-function mutations in ACOX1 causing Mitchell ***-of-fun

关键词： ACOX1 Drosophila melanogaster glia lipid metabolism model organisms neuroinflammation neurologic disorders neuron rare disease VLCFA

Analyzing Cross-domain Transportation Big Data of new york City with Semi-supervised and Active Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2018年第10期57卷 1-9页

作者： Huiyu Sun Suzanne McIntosh Computer Science Department New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10012USA

The majority of big data analytics applied to transportation datasets suffer from being too domain-specific,that is,they draw conclusions for a dataset based on analytics on the same *** makes models trained from one domain(*** data)applies badly to a different domain(*** data).To achieve accurate analyses on a new domain,substantial amounts of data must be available,which limits practical *** remedy this,we propose to use semi-supervised and active learning of big data to accomplish the domain adaptation task:Selectively choosing a small amount of datapoints from a new domain while achieving comparable performances to using all the *** choose the new york City(NYC)transportation data of taxi and Uber as our dataset,simulating different domains with 90%as the source data domain for training and the remaining 10%as the target data domain for *** propose semi-supervised and active learning strategies and apply it to the source domain for selecting *** results show that our adaptation achieves a comparable performance of using all datapoints while using only a fraction of them,substantially reducing the amount of data *** approach has two major advantages:It can make accurate analytics and predictions when big datasets are not available,and even if big datasets are available,our approach chooses the most informative datapoints out of the dataset,making the process much more efficient without having to process huge amounts of data.

关键词： Big data taxi and uber domain adaptation active learning semi-supervised learning

Regeneration of pitch pine (Pinus rigida) stands inhibited by fire suppression in Albany Pine Bush Preserve, new york

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 233-242页

作者： Chang-Seok Lee George R.Robinson Ingrid P.Robinson Hansol Lee Department of Bio and Environment Technology Seoul Women's University State University of new york at Albany State University of new york

The Pine Barrens in new york State are dominated by pitch pine(Pinus ridgida) and scrub oaks(Quercus ilicifolia and Q. prinoides). With fire suppression over the last 90 years or so, P. rigida regeneration has become sparse, even in areas set aside to preserve this type of vegetation. We evaluated the effects of fire and an alternative disturbance(mechanical removal of vegetation)for increasing P. rigida regeneration in the Albany Pine Bush Preserve in eastern new york State. By comparing cover, diameter and height of P. rigida, Q. ilicifolia, ***, and Vaccinium spp.(blueberry) growing on the sites with a known fire history, we documented structural and compositional changes in the vegetation since its establishment. We also compared sites on which Quercus sprouts were controlled through mechanical removal. In the years following a disturbance, height and cover of Q. ilicifolia increased continuously and the species became increasingly competitive. Both the density of P. rigida seedlings and Vaccinium cover decreased significantly as the diameter and height of Quercus increased. Our results confirmed that the dominance by P. rigida could be attributed to periodic fires at intervals of 20–25 years. We conclude that removing Q. ilicifolia can favor P. rigida dominance on the barren without fire by releasing pine seedlings from competition.

关键词： Fire Mechanical removal Pine barren Pinus rigida Quercus ilicifolia Quercus prinoides Regeneration Safe site

Seek and Ye Shall [eventually] Find： The End of the Search for the Auxin Receptor

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第12期47卷 1412-1417页

作者： Lawrence HOBBIE Department of Biology Adelphi University Garden City New York 11530 USA

The mechanism by which the plant hormone auxin regulates gene expression has been shown to involve regulated degradation, through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, of transcriptional repressor proteins. However, the key first component in this pathway, the receptor that binds auxin and initiates auxin signaling, has remained a mystery. Two recent papers identify the F-box protein TIR1, part of the complex that attaches ubiquitin to its targets, as an auxin receptor. This breakthrough reveals a new mode of signal transduction and lays the groundwork for a more complete understanding of auxin physiology.

关键词： auxin auxin receptor SCF complex signal transduction ubiquitin.

Effect of external and internal cues on core muscle activation during the Sahrmann five-level core stability test

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 95-104页

作者： Skyla Stifter Jessie McCaffrey Tyler Nichols Ayse Ozcan Edeer Justine Ward Physical Therapy Dominican University New YorkOrangeburgNY 10962United States

BACKGROUND Pain in the back or pelvis or fear of back pain may affect the timing or cocontraction of the core *** both static and dynamic movements,the Sahrmann core stability test provides an assessment of core muscle activation and a person's ability to stabilize the lumbopelvic *** cues and images can be used to increase the activation of these *** attain optimal movement patterns,it will be necessary to determine what cueing will give the most effective results for core *** To investigate the effects of external and internal cues on core muscle activation during the Sahrmann five-level core stability *** Total 68 participants(21.83±3.47 years)were randomly allocated to an external(n=35)or internal cue group(n=33).Participants performed the Sahrmann fivelevel core stability test without a cue as baseline and the five-level stability exercises with an internal or external *** cue group received a pressure biofeedback unit(PBU),and the internal cue group received an audio cue.A Delsys Trigno^(TM)surface electromyography unit was used for muscle activation from the rectus abdominis,external oblique,and transverse abdominis/internal oblique *** Linear mixed effects model analysis showed that cueing had a significant effect on core muscle activation(P=0.001);however,there was no significant difference between cue types(internal or external)(P=0.130).CONCLUSION Both external and internal cueing have significant effects on core muscle activation during the Sahrmann five-level core stability test and the PBU does not create higher muscle activation than internal cueing.

关键词： External cue Internal cue Muscle activation Core muscles Lumbopelvic stability Pressure biofeedback unit

Emotions,Perceptions and Health Behaviors of Adult Congenital Heart Disease Patients during COVID-19 in new york City

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第5期17卷 519-531页

作者： Jodi L.Feinberg Peter Sheng Stephanie Pena Adam J.Small Susanna Wendelboe Katlyn Nemani Vikram Agrawal Dan G.Halpern Leon H.Charney Division of Cardiology NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUSA Department of Medicine NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUSA Department of Psychiatry NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUSA Department of Cardiology Mount Sinai MorningsideNew YorkUSA

Background:Adults with congenital heart disease(ACHD)have increased prevalence of mood and anxiety *** are limited data regarding the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and health behaviors of these ***:The purpose is to evaluate the perceptions,emotions,and health behaviors of ACHD patients during the COVID-19 ***:In this cross-sectional study of ACHD patients,we administered surveys evaluating self-reported emotions,perceptions and health *** regressions were performed to determine the adjusted odds of displaying each perception,emotion and health behavior based on predictor ***:Ninety-seven patients(mean age 38.3 years,46.4%female,85.6%moderate or complex lesion)completed the *** majority of patients reported feeling moderately or very sad(63.1%),and 48.4%of patients identified themselves as feeling moderately or very *** majority of patients perceived their risk of COVID-19 as moderate or *** were more likely to report feeling sad and anxious(95%CI 1.06–10.96,p-value 0.039,and 95%CI 1.44–15.30,p-value=0.012,respectively),and were associated with higher odds of having a perceived increased risk of COVID-19(95%CI 1.33–10.59,p-value 0.012).There was no association between ACHD anatomic or physiologic classification and perceptions,emotions and health ***:Females were more likely to report feeling sad,anxious and an increased risk of COVID-19 in comparison to *** findings indicate the need for mental health support and promotion of health behaviors during the pandemic amongst all ACHD patients,regardless of underlying condition.

关键词： Adult congenital heart disease COVID-19 health behaviors anxiety depression

Wastewater analysis for nicotine,cocaine,amphetamines,opioids and cannabis in new york City

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Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第2期4卷 152-167页

作者： Nicole Centazzo Bonnie-Marie Frederick Alethea Jacox Shu-Yuan Cheng Marta Concheiro-Guisan Department of Sciences John Jay College of Criminal JusticeCity University of New YorkNew YorkNYUSA

According to current surveys and overdoses data,there is a drug crisis in the ***-based epidemiology(WBE)is an evolving discipline that analyses wastewater samples to detect drugs and metabolites to estimate drug consumption in a certain *** study demonstrates how drug relative presence could be tracked by testing wastewater,providing real-time results,in different boroughs in new york City throughout 1 *** developed and fully validated two analytical methods,one for 21 drugs and metabolites,including nicotine,cocaine,amphetamines,opioids and cannabis markers;and another for the normalization factor *** methods were performed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)using positive electrospray ionization,achieving a limit of quantification of 5–10 ng/L for drugs and metabolites,and 0.01 mg/L for *** methods were applied to 48 one-time grab wastewater samples collected from six wastewater treatment plants in new york City(Manhattan,The Bronx,Queens and Brooklyn),eight different times throughout 2016,before and after major holidays,including Memorial Day,4th of July,Labour Day and new Year’*** this study,the drug group normalized concentrations present in the wastewater samples,in decreasing order,were cocaine,nicotine,opioids,cannabis and *** looking at individual compounds,the one with the highest normalized concentration was benzoylecgonine(BE),followed by cotinine,morphine and 11-nor-9-carboxy-tetrahydrocannabinol(THCCOOH).To estimate community use,these concentrations were multiplied by the corresponding correction factor,and the most present were THCCOOH,followed by BE,cotinine and *** comparing the treatment plants by drug group(nicotine,cocaine,amphetamines,opioids and cannabis),samples collected from The Bronx had the highest normalized concentrations for nicotine,cocaine and opioids;The Bronx and Manhattan for cannabis;and Manhattan and Queens for *** mo

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic toxicology wastewaterbased epidemiology(WBE) nicotine cocaine amphetamines opioids cannabis LC-MS/MS

Perceptions of the osteopathic profession in new york City’s Chinese Communities

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2020年第1期8卷 24-30页

作者： Justin Chin Sarah Li Gregory Yim YaQun Arlene Zhou Peter Justin Wan Emily R Dube Mikhail Volokitin Sonu Sahni Mark A Terrell Christine M Lomiguen Primary Care Touro College of Osteopathic MedicineNew York CityNew YorkUSA Pathology New York University School of MedicineNew York CityNew YorkUSA Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine Touro College of Osteopathic MedicineNew York CityNew YorkUSA Research Medicine New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic MedicineOld WestburyNew YorkUSA Medical Education Lake Erie College of Osteopathic MedicineEriePennsylvaniaUSA Pathology Lake Erie College of Osteopathic MedicineEriePennsylvaniaUSA

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge of and barriers to osteopathic medicine in Chinese immigrant communities in new york City(NYC).Design A cross-sectional study was designed in which a culturally appropriate survey in Chinese and English versions was administered anonymously to measure immigrant perceptions and knowledge of osteopathic *** Data collection occurred in the municipal delineations for the Chinatown neighbourhood within the new york,new york borough of *** Community members were selected using convenience sampling from high-density areas to *** gathered from the survey included demographics,education level,healthcare habits and knowledge of the osteopathic *** 120 surveys were conducted with 68 males and 52 females,with an average age=*** in the age range of 18-29 years,those with fluent English-language proficiency,and participants with graduate-level education status demonstrated a higher proportion of knowledge of osteopathic manipulative medicine and osteopathic physicians(doctors of osteopathic medicine)among the study *** Compared with research on the general US population,a general lack of knowledge of osteopathic medicine exists within NYC’s Chinese immigrant *** this difference may be ascribed to linguistics and ethnosociological factors,greater outreach and education is needed in urban minority communities to make immigrants aware of all healthcare resources available during the current shortage of US primary care physicians.

关键词： education profession sectional