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Current application of neurofilaments in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and future perspectives

Neural Regeneration research 2021年第10期16卷 1985-1991页

作者： Yuri Matteo Falzone Tommaso Russo Teuta Domi Laura Pozzi Angelo Quattrini Massimo Filippi Nilo Riva Neuropathology unit Institute of Experimental NeurologyDivision of NeuroscienceSan Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Neurology and Neurorehabilitation unit IRCCS SanRaffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Neurophysiology unit IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly neuroimaging research unit Institute of Experimental NeurologyDivision of NeuroscienceIRCCS San Raffaele Scientific InstituteMilanItaly Vita-Salute San Rafaele University MilanItaly

Motor neuron disease includes a heterogeneous group of relentless progressive neurological disorders defined and characterized by the degeneration of motor *** lateral sclerosis is the most common and aggressive form of motor neuron disease with no effective treatment so ***,diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are lacking in clinical *** are fundamental structural components of the axons and neurofilament light chain and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain can be measured in both cerebrospinal fluid and *** light chain and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain levels are elevated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,reflecting the extensive damage of motor neurons and ***,neurofilaments are now increasingly recognized as the most promising candidate biomarker in amyotrophic lateral *** potential usefulness of neurofilaments regards various aspects,including diagnosis,prognosis,patient stratification in clinical trials and evaluation of treatment *** this review paper,we review the body of literature about neurofilaments measurement in amyotrophic lateral *** also discuss the open issues concerning the use of neurofilaments clinical practice,as no overall guideline exists to date;finally,we address the most recent evidence and future perspectives.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis biomarkers motor neuron disease neurofilament light chain phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain

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Temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries on magnetic resonance imaging

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Neural Regeneration research 2025年第11期20卷 3144-3150页

作者： Holly Flyger Samantha J.Holdsworth Alistair J.Gunn Laura Bennet Hamid Abbasi Mātai Medical research Institute Tairāwhiti GisborneNew Zealand Department of Anatomy&Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Center for Brain research The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Moderate to severe perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy occurs in~1 to 3/1000 live births in high-income countries and is associated with a significant risk of death or neurodevelopmental *** assessment is important to help identify highrisk infants,to help families,and to support appropriate interventions.A wide range of monitoring tools is available to assess changes over time,including urine and blood biomarkers,neurological examination,and *** present,magnetic resonance imaging is unique as although it is expensive and not suited to monitoring the early evolution of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by a week of life it can provide direct insight into the anatomical changes in the brain after hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so offers strong prognostic information on the long-term outcome after hypoxic-ischemic *** review investigated the temporal dynamics of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy injuries,with a particular emphasis on exploring the correlation between the prognostic implications of magnetic resonance imaging scans in the first week of life and their relationship to long-term outcome prediction,particularly for infants treated with therapeutic hypothermia.A comprehensive literature search,from 2016 to 2024,identified 20 pertinent *** review highlights that while the optimal timing of magnetic resonance imaging scans is not clear,overall,it suggests that magnetic resonance imaging within the first week of life provides strong prognostic *** challenges limit the timing consistency,particularly the need for intensive care and clinical ***,although most reports examined the prognostic value of scans taken between 4 and 10 days after birth,there is evidence from small numbers of cases that,at times,brain injury may continue to evolve for weeks after *** suggests that in the future it will be important to explore a wider range of times after hypo

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neurodevelopmental outcomes prognostic biomarkers in neuroimaging scan timing therapeutic hypothermia

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Potential neural mechanism of single session transcranial magnetic stimulation on smoking craving

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第7期63卷 60-62页

作者： Kai YUAN Xinwen WEN Shicong WANG Shuang LIU Ziqiang SHAO Min ZHANG Yan XU Longmao CHEN Dahua YU School of Life Science and Technology Xidian University Engineering research Center of Molecular and neuroimaging Ministry of Education Information Processing Laboratory School of Information EngineeringInner Mongolia University of Science and Technology

Dear editor,Roles of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC) in smoking craving and relapse have been highlighted [1–3]. Converging evidence has also showed the therapy of the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the left DLPFC for interventions of substance use disorders (SUD)[4, 5]. In present study, we aim to test

关键词： smoking craving rTMS MRI DLPFC

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Evaluation of DNA synthesis with carbon-11-labeled 4′-thiothymidine

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World Journal of Radiology 2016年第9期8卷 799-808页

作者： Jun Toyohara research Team for neuroimaging Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology

In the cancer research field, the preferred method for evaluating the proliferative activity of cancer cells in vivo is to measure DNA synthesis rates. The cellular proliferation rate is one of the most important cancer characteristics, and represents the gold standard of pathological diagnosis. Positron emission tomography (PET) has been used to evaluate in vivo DNA synthetic activity through visualization of enhanced nucleoside metabolism. However, methods for the quantitative measurement of DNA synthesis rates have not been fully clarified. Several groups have been engaged in research on 4′-[methyl-11C]-thiothymidine (11C-4DST) in an effort to develop a PET tracer that allows quantitative measurement of in vivo DNA synthesis rates. This mini-review summarizes the results of recent studies of the in vivo measurement of cancer DNA synthesis rates using 11C-4DST.

关键词： 4′-[methyl-11C]-thiothymidine DNA synthesis Cell proliferation Tumor Positron emission tomography

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MART(Splitting-Merging Assisted Reliable)Independent Component Analysis for Extracting Accurate Brain Functional Networks

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第7期40卷 905-920页

作者： Xingyu He Vince D.Calhoun Yuhui Du School of Computer and Information Technology Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Tri-Institutional Center for Translational research in neuroimaging and Data Science Georgia State UniversityGeorgia Institute of TechnologyEmory UniversityAtlanta 30303USA

Functional networks(FNs)hold significant promise in understanding brain *** component analysis(ICA)has been applied in estimating FNs from functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI).However,determining an optimal model order for ICA remains challenging,leading to criticism about the reliability of FN ***,we propose a SMART(splitting-merging assisted reliable)ICA method that automatically extracts reliable FNs by clustering independent components(ICs)obtained from multi-model-order ICA using a simplified graph while providing linkages among FNs deduced from different-model *** extend SMART ICA to multi-subject fMRI analysis,validating its effectiveness using simulated and real fMRI *** on simulated data,the method accurately estimates both group-common and group-unique components and demonstrates robustness to *** two age-matched cohorts of resting fMRI data comprising 1,950 healthy subjects,the resulting reliable group-level FNs are greatly similar between the two cohorts,and interestingly the subject-specific FNs show progressive changes while age ***,both small-scale and large-scale brain FN templates are provided as benchmarks for future *** together,SMART ICA can automatically obtain reliable FNs in analyzing multi-subject fMRI data,while also providing linkages between different FNs.

关键词： Independent component analysis Functional magnetic resonance imaging-Brain functional networks Clustering Multi-model-order

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多参数MRI评估多发性硬化病人颈髓损害的临床关联性

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国际医学放射学杂志 2020年第6期 734-735页

作者：郑文乔 R.Bonacchi E.Pagani A.Meani L.Cacciaguerra P.Preziosa E.De Meo neuroimaging research unit Institute of Experimental Neurology Division of Neuroscience IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute

摘要关于多发性硬化(MS)病人脊髓病变与临床表现之间的关系知之甚少。在这方面开展综合的多参数MRI研究很有价值,但目前尚无研究报道。目的通过综合的多参数

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Neuropsychiatric symptoms are early indicators of an upcoming metabolic decline in Alzheimer's disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第1期10卷 1-11页

作者： Kok Pin Ng Tharick A.Pascoal Sulantha Mathotaarachchi Yiong Huak Chan Lai Jiang Joseph Therriault Andrea L.Benedet Monica Shin Nagaendran Kandiah Celia M.T.Greenwood Pedro Rosa-Neto Serge Gauthier Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network Alzheimer's Disease research unit McGill Centre for Studies in AgingMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada Translational neuroimaging Laboratory The McGill University Research Centre for Studies in AgingMontrealCanada Departm ent of Neurology National Neuroscience InstituteSingapore CitySingapore Biostatistics unit Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore CitySingapore Lady Davis Institute McGill UniversityMontrealCanada Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Occupational HealthMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada 不详

Background:Neuropsychiatric symptoms(NPS)are increasingly recognized as early non-cognitive manifestations in the Alzheimer's disease(AD)***,the role of NPS as an early marker of pathophysiological progression in AD remains *** inherited AD(DIAD)mutation carriers are young individuals who are destined to develop AD in future due to the full penetrance of the genetic ***,the study of DIAD mutation carriers enables the evaluation of the associations between pure AD pathophysiology and metabolic correlates of NPS without the confounding effects of co-existing *** this longitudinal study,we aimed to identify regional brain metabolic dysfunctions associated with NPS in cognitively intact DIAD mutation ***:We stratified 221 cognitively intact participants from the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer's Network according to their mutation carrier *** interactions of NPS measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire(NPI-Q),age,and estimated years to symptom onset(EYO)as a function of metabolism measured by[^(18)F]flurodeoxyglucose([^(18)F]FDG)positron emission tomography,were evaluated by the mixed-effects regression model with family-level random effects in DIAD mutation carriers and *** factor analysis was performed to identify the neuropsychiatric subsyndromes in DIAD mutation carriers using the NPI-Q *** the effects of interactions between specific neuropsychiatric subsyndromes and EYO on metabolism were evaluated with the mixed-effects regression ***:A total of 119 mutation carriers and 102 non-carriers were *** interaction of higher NPI-Q and shorter EYO was associated with more rapid declines of global and regional[18F]FDG uptake in the posterior cingulate and ventromedial prefrontal cortices,the bilateral parietal lobes and the right insula in DIAD mutation *** neuropsychiatric subsyndromes of agitation,disinhibition,irritability

关键词： Neuropsychiatric symptoms Dominantly inherited Alzheimer’s disease Metabolic correlates

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inMTSCCA:An Integrated Multi-task Sparse Canonical Correlation Analysis for Multi-omic Brain Imaging Genetics

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2023年第2期21卷 396-413页

作者： Lei Du Jin Zhang Ying Zhao Muheng Shang Lei Guo Junwei Han The Alzheimer's Disease neuroimaging Initiative Department of Intelligent Science and Technology School of AutomationNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

Identifying genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease(AD)is an important research *** date,different endophenotypes,such as imaging-derived endophenotypes and proteomic expression-derived endophenotypes,have shown the great value in uncovering risk genes compared to case-control ***,a co-varying pattern of different omics-derived endophenotypes could result from the shared genetic ***,existing methods mainly focus on the effect of endophenotypes alone;the effect of cross-endophenotype(CEP)associations remains largely *** this study,we used both endophenotypes and their CEP associations of multi-omic data to identify genetic risk factors,and proposed two integrated multi-task sparse canonical correlation analysis(inMTSCCA)methods,i.e.,pairwise endophenotype correlationguided MTSCCA(pcMTSCCA)and high-order endophenotype correlation-guided MTSCCA(hocMTSCCA).pcMTSCCA employed pairwise correlations between magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-derived,plasma-derived,and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)-derived endophenotypes as an additional *** used high-order correlations among these multi-omic data for *** figure out genetic risk factors at individual and group levels,as well as altered endophenotypic markers,we introduced sparsity-inducing penalties for both *** compared pcMTSCCA and hocMTSCCA with three related methods on both simulation and real(consisting of neuroimaging data,proteomic analytes,and genetic data)*** results showed that our methods obtained better or comparable canonical correlation coefficients(CCCs)and better feature subsets than *** importantly,the identified genetic loci and heterogeneous endophenotypic markers showed high ***,jointly using multi-omic endophenotypes and their CEP associations is promising to reveal genetic risk factors.

关键词： Brain imaging genetics Multi-omic endophenotype Cross-endophenotype association Genetic risk factor Medical imageanalysis

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High-Performance Magnetic-core Coils for Targeted Rodent Brain Stimulations

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2022年第1期3卷 82-92页

作者： Hedyeh Bagherzadeh Qinglei Meng Hanbing Lu Elliott Hong Yihong Yang Fow-Sen Choa Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of MarylandBaltimore CountyBaltimoreMD 21250USA neuroimaging research Branch National Institute on Drug AbuseNational Institutes of HealthBaltimoreMD 21224USA Maryland Psychiatric research Center Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA

Objective and Impact *** is a need to develop rodent coils capable of targeted brain stimulation for treating neuropsychiatric disorders and understanding brain *** describe a novel rodent coil design to improve the focality for targeted stimulations in small rodent *** magnetic stimulation(TMS)is becoming increasingly important for treating neuropsychiatric disorders and understanding brain *** studies permit invasive manipulations and are essential for the mechanistic understanding of TMS effects and explorations of therapeutic outcomes in disease ***,existing TMS tools lack focality for targeted ***,there has been limited fundamental research on developing coils capable of focal stimulation at deep brain regions on small animals like *** this study,ferromagnetic cores are added to a novel angle-tuned coil design to enhance the coil performance regarding penetration depth and *** simulations and experimental electric field measurements were conducted to optimize the coil *** proposed coil system demonstrated a significantly smaller stimulation spot size and enhanced electric field decay rate in comparison to existing *** the ferromagnetic core reduces the energy requirements up to 60%for rodent brain *** simulated results are validated with experimental measurements and demonstration of suprathreshold rodent limb excitation through targeted motor cortex *** newly developed coils are suitable tools for focal stimulations of the rodent brain due to their smaller stimulation spot size and improved electric field decay rate.

关键词： stimulation manipulation becoming

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Wandering Minds with Wandering Brain Networks

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第6期34卷 1017-1028页

作者： Xinqi Zhou Xu Lei Sleep and neuroimaging Center Faculty of Psychology Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education Chongqing 400715China

The default mode network(DMN) is associated with the occurrence of mind-wandering or task-unrelated thought. In contrast, the frontal-parietal network(FPN) and visual network(VS) are involved in tasks with external stimuli. However, it is not clear how these functional network interactions support these two different processes– mind-wandering and on-task – especially with regard to individual variation in the mind-wandering experience. In this study, we investigated the functional connectivity and modular structure among the DMN, FPN, and VS. Our results showed that, compared to the on-task period, mindwandering was associated with increased DMN activity and increased DMN-VS connectivity. Moreover, mindwandering was accompanied by a large number of transitional nodes, which expressed a diversity of brain regions. Intriguingly, the functional connectivity of the FPN and VS was strongly correlated with individual behavioral performance. Our findings highlight the individual variation of mind-wandering, which implies the importance of other complementary large-scale brain networks.

关键词： Mind wandering Default mode network Modularity Functional connectivity

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