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GPU accelerated simplified harmonic spherical approximation equations for three-dimensional optical imaging

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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第7期14卷 80-84页

作者：任胜寒陈雪利曹旭朱守平梁继民 Engineering Research Center of Molecular and neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education & School of Life Science and Technology Xidian University

Simplified spherical harmonics approximation （SPN） equations are widely used in modeling light propagation in biological tissues. However, with the increase of order N, its computational burden will severely aggravate. We propose a graphics processing unit （GPU） accelerated framework for SPN equations. Compared with the conven- tional central processing unit implementation, an increased performance of the GPU framework is obtained with an increase in mesh size, with the best speed-up ratio of 25 among the studied cases. The influence of thread distribution on the performance of the GPU framework is also investigated.

关键词： Computer graphics Light propagation Program processors

Structural optimization and biological evaluation of 1,5-disubstituted pyrazole-3-carboxamines as potent inhibitors of human 5-lipoxygenase

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2016年第1期6卷 32-45页

作者： Yu Zhou Jun Liu Mingyue Zheng Shuli Zheng Chunyi Jiang Xiaomei Zhou Dong Zhang Jihui Zhao Deju Ye Mingfang Zheng Hualiang Jiang Dongxiang Liu Jian Cheng Hong Liu CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research Shanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences China Pharmaceutical University Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for neuro-Psycho-Diseases and Institute of neuroscience Soochow University

Human 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is a well-validated drug target and its inhibitors are potential drugs for treating leukotriene-related disorders. Our previous work on structural optimization of the hit compound 2 from our in-house collection identified two lead compounds, 3a and 3b, exhibiting a potent inhibitory profile against 5-LOX with IC50 values less than 1 mu mol/L in cell-based assays. Here, we further optimized these compounds to prepare a class of novel pyrazole derivatives by opening the fused ring system. Several new compounds exhibited more potent inhibitory activity than the lead compounds against 5-LOX. In particular, compound 4e not only suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in brain inflammatory cells and protected neurons from oxidative toxicity, but also significantly decreased infarct damage in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia. Molecular docking analysis further confirmed the consistency of our theoretical results and experimental data. In conclusion, the excellent in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activities of these compounds against 5-LOX suggested that these novel chemical structures have a promising therapeutic potential to treat leukotriene-related disorders. (C) 2016 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： 5-Lipoxygenase 5-LOX inhibitors Pyrazole derivatives Leukotrienes-related diseases In vivo Benzo-fuse heterocyle Ischemic incults Brain inflammation

Updates in the management of cranial dural arteriovenous fistula

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Stroke & Vascular neurology 2020年第1期5卷 50-58页

作者： Humain Baharvahdat Yinn Cher Ooi Wi Jin Kim Ashkan Mowla Alexander L Coon Geoffrey P Colby neurosurgery Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical CenterLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA neurointerventional Radiology UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Western neuro Carondelet Health NetworkTucsonArizonaUSA

Dural arteriovenous fistula(dAVF)accounts for approximately 10%of all intracranial vascular *** they can be benign lesions,the presence of retrograde venous drainage and cortical venous reflux makes the natural course of these lesions aggressive high risk of haemorrhage,neurological injury and *** treatment is often the first line of treatment for *** transarterial and transvenous approaches are used to cure *** selection of treatment approach depends on the angioarchitecture of the dAVF,the location,the direction of venous *** and,to a lesser extent,stereotactic radiosurgery are used when endovascular approaches are impossible or unsuccessful.

关键词： Surgery arterial treatment

TDP-43 dysregulation and neuromuscular junction disruption in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Translational neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 46-69页

作者： Sarah Lépine Maria José Castellanos-Montiel Thomas Martin Durcan The neuro’s Early Drug Discovery unit(EDDU) Department of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMontreal Neurological Institute-HospitalMcGill University3801 University StreetMontrealQC H3A 2B4Canada Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences McGill University3605 De La MontagneMontrealQC H3G 2M1Canada

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a disease characterized by upper and lower motor neuron(MN)loss with a signature feature of cytoplasmic aggregates containing TDP-43,which are detected in nearly all *** in the gene that encodes TDP-43(TARBDP)are known to result in both familial and sporadic *** ALS,disruption of neuro-muscular junctions(NMJs)constitutes a critical event in disease pathogenesis,leading to denervation atrophy,motor impairments and *** defects and impaired synaptic transmission at NMJs have been reported in several TDP-43 animal models and in vitro,linking TDP-43 dysregulation to the loss of NMJ integrity in *** the lens of the dying-back and dying-forward hypotheses of ALS,this review discusses the roles of TDP-43 related to synaptic function,with a focus on the potential molecular mechanisms occurring within MNs,skeletal muscles and glial cells that may contribute to NMJ disruption in ALS.

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Denervation neuromuscular junction TDP-43 Dying-back Dying-forward

Effects of Differences in Working Memory Capacity on Patterns of Word Generation

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Psychology Research 2012年第8期2卷 461-468页

作者： Mimpei Kawamura Yasutaka Kobayashi Shu Morioka Department of neuro Rehabilitation Graduate School of Health Science Department of Rehabilitati'on Fukui General Hospital Department of neuro Rehabilitation Graduate School of Health Science Kio University

The role of optical coherence tomography in neuro-ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期3卷 228-245页

作者： John J.Chen Fiona Costello Department of ophthalmology Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Department of neurology Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Departments of Surgery University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada Clinical neurosciences University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada

Optical coherence tomography(OCT)is an ocular imaging technique that can complement the neuro-ophthalmic assessment,and inform our understanding regarding functional consequences of neuroaxonal injury in the afferent visual ***,OCT has emerged as a surrogate end-point in the diagnosis and follow up of several demyelinating syndromes of the central nervous system(CNS),including optic neuritis(ON)associated with:multiple sclerosis(MS),neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD),and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG)*** advancements in enhanced depth imaging(EDI)OCT have distinguished this technique as a new gold standard in the diagnosis of optic disc drusen(ODD).Moreover,OCT may enhance our ability to distinguish cases of papilledema from pseudopapilledema caused by *** the setting of idiopathic intracranial hypertension(IIH),OCT has shown benefit in tracking responses to treatment,with respect to reduced retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)measures and morphological changes in the angling of Bruch’s *** follow up of OCT measured ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness may be of particular value in managing IIH patients who have secondary optic *** of compressive optic neuropathies may be readily diagnosed with OCT,even in the absence of overt visual field ***,OCT values may offer some prognostic value in predicting post-operative outcomes in these ***,OCT can be indispensable in differentiating optic neuropathies from retinal diseases in patients presenting with vision loss,and an unrevealing fundus *** this review,our over-arching goal is to highlight the potential role of OCT,as an ancillary investigation,in the diagnosis and management of various optic nerve disorders.

关键词： Optical coherence tomography(OCT) retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer(GCIP)thickness optic neuritis(ON) optic disc drusen(ODD)

Perceptions on Public Health Facilities by Slum Dwellers in the Metropolitan Cities of India

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Health 2016年第1期8卷 93-97页

作者： Palaniappan Marimuthu Grish N. Rao Manoj Kumar Sharma Ramasamy Dhanasekara Pandian Department of Biostatistics National Institute of Mental Health Neuro Sciences Bangalore India Department of Epidemiology National Institute of Mental Health Neuro Sciences Bangalore India Department of Clinical Psychology National Institute of Mental Health Neuro Sciences Bangalore India Department of Psychiatry Social Work National Institute of Mental Health Neuro Sciences Bangalore India

Rapid urbanisation and quest for better livelihood, push-pull factor of occupations education, policy changes attract large scale rural population to urban areas. It is well documented that in spite of better public health facilities including tertiary care hospitals which are available in the urban areas but the services are underutilised by the urban poor. Aim: Hence, in this paper, it is attempted to comprehend the reasons for underutilisation of available public health facilities and to compare the difference with non-slum areas of the major metropolitan cities of India. Methods: A secondary data from National Family Health Survey-III for five major metropolitan cities namely, Delhi, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai is used for the analysis. Slum data which are classified by both the agencies, that is census of India and NFHS-III as slum households only considered for analysis. Results: In Mumbai slums about 90% of the households are having water sources from public tap or piped to yard followed by Hyderabad having better water supply and Chennai slum dwellers having minimum access to good water sources. About 11.4% of the households do not know where their toilet drainage is connected. There is a significant (P 0.05) 75% to 79%, Kolkata and Chennai have parallel high proportion, that is more than 95% (P > 0.05) and Mumbai stands as median percent age as 89.6. Apart from Delhi, about 40% to 45% of the slum population is in the opinion of “long waiting time” in the government hospitals, and the same trend of proportions is observed for “poor quality of service”.

关键词： Slums Metropolitan Cities Government Health Facility Toilets Health Schemes Perceptions

Scorpion toxin BmKI directly activates Nav1.8 in primary sensory neurons to induce neuronal hyperexcitability in rats

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Protein & Cell 2015年第6期6卷 443-452页

作者： Pin Ye Yunlu Jiao Zhenwei Li Liming Hua Jin Fu Feng Jiang Tong Liu Yonghua Ji Laboratory of neuropharmacology and neurotoxicology Shanghai University Shanghai 200436 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for neuro-Psycho-Diseases and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Institute of Neuroscience Soochow University Suzhou 215021 China

Voltage-gated sodium channels （VGSCs） in primary sensory neurons play a key role in transmitting pain signals to the central nervous system. BmK I, a site-3 sodium channel-specific toxin from scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch, induces pain behaviors in rats. How- ever, the subtypes of VGSCs targeted by BmK I were not entirely clear. We therefore investigated the effects of BmK I on the current amplitude, gating and kinetic properties of Nav1.8, which is associated with neuronal hyperexcitability in DRG neurons. It was found that BmK I dose-dependently increased Nav1.8 current in small- sized （〈25 μm） acutely dissociated DRG neurons, which correlated with its inhibition on both fast and slow in- activation. Moreover, voltage-dependent activation and steady-state inactivation curves of Nay1.8 were shifted in a hyperpolarized direction. Thus, BmK I reduced the threshold of neuronal excitability and increased action potential firing in DRG neurons. In conclusion, our data clearly demonstrated that BmK I modulated Nav1.8 re- markably, suggesting BmK I as a valuable probe for studying Nay1.8. And Navl.8 is an important target re- lated to BmK I-evoked pain.

关键词： voltage-gated sodium channel Nay1.8,primary sensory neurons BmK I

Relationship between the degree of dependence to nicotine, and the anxio-depressive levels, according to Fagerstrom test of nicotine dependence and HADS test

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2012年第3期2卷 235-242页

作者： Aziez Chettoum Hacène Frih Redha Djenidi Bachir Ali Rachedi Abdelkrim Tahraoui Laboratory of Applied neuro-Endocrinology Badji Mokhtar University Annaba Algeria

The main objective of this study was to investigate the causal relationship between smoking and depression/ anxiety, and specially the direction of this relationship, in order to analyze the link between the degree of dependence to nicotine, and the anxio-depressive levels, according to HADS test and the Fagerstrom test of nicotine dependence. Our study included 647 smokers and 400 non-smoking male. To facilitate this study, we distributed questionnaires to several private GP surgeries, to be completed by patients. In this study, we found that there is a close relationship between the level of nicotine addiction, anxiety levels and the emergence of depressive disorders. A highly depressive state implies a very strong addiction to tobacco;a high percentage of subjects showed little or no tobacco dependence. When anxiety appears (even when non-significant) dependence increases from medium to high, and very high, whereas in the absence of depression, 80% to 90% of patients show no tobacco addiction. The addiction to tobacco increases at the beginning of depression and reach her maximum in depressed patients. Thus, the anxiolytic effect of nicotine becomes an anxiogenic effect in anxious subjects, when subjects move from non-dependence to medium and very strong addiction.

关键词： Nicotine Tobacco Addiction Fagerstrom Test HADS Test Depression Anxiety