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earthquake Science 2024年第6期37卷 584-587页

作者： Jian Zhou Li Li Nan Xi Kun Chen Xin Tian Chao Wang Jifeng Tian Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China china earthquake network center Beijing 100045China

*** On December 18,2023,a M6.2 earthquake struck central china with epicenter at Jishishan,Gansu(35.70°N,102.79°E).In the USGS Latest earthquake platform,the event was identified as M_(W)5.9,35.743°N,102.827°E,labeled 37 km WNW of Linxia Chengguanzhen,*** study presents an open-access dataset comprising PGA and PGV records of the main-shock from 202accelerometers and 539 Micro-Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)sensors within two arcdegrees of the epicenter.

关键词： china. earthquake epicenter

Probing the interseismic locking state of the Xianshuihe fault based on a viscoelastic deformation model

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Science china Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 134-145页

作者： Yage ZHU Faqi DIAO Fei CHEN Yuebing WANG Zhigang SHAO Rongjiang WANG Xiong XIONG Hubei Subsurface Multi-Scale Imaging Key Laboratory School of Geophysics and GeomaticsChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China china earthquake networks center Beijing 100045China Institute of earthquake Forecasting China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China

The interseismic locking state of tectonic faults is essential for regional seismic hazard ***,it is challenging to obtain this parameter reliably due to the weak deformation and complex model *** better probe the fault locking state,more reliable physical models and well-covered observations are *** we investigate the locking state of the Xianshuihe fault based on a new-developed viscoelastic deformation ***,we combine GPS velocities from 13 new near-field stations and existing stations in this region to improve the spatial *** to the theoretical predictions,our results indicate that the elastic model will clearly overestimate the fault locking depth and seismic moment accumulation rate,and the fault slip rate inferred from the elastic model is slightly lower than that from the viscoelastic *** on the locking distribution inferred from the viscoelastic model,we identify four potential asperities on the Xianshuihe *** importantly,we find a clear spatial correlation between the fault locking distribution and the rupture extent of historical earthquakes,which indicates that the fault locking state may control the rupture extent and thus the magnitude of *** addition,our results show that the 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake only ruptured the south part of a potential asperity,and the accumulated energy in the northern unruptured area is equivalent to an Mw6.9 earthquake,where the seismic hazard deserves special attention.

关键词： Fault kinematics Viscoelastic relaxation effect GPS observations Seismic hazard The 2022 M6.8 Luding earthquake

A tendon system to re-center steel moment frames with weak stories

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earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第4期23卷 1057-1072页

作者： Wang, Tao Wang, Fei Nakashima, Masayoshi Institute of Engineering Mechanics China Earthquake Administration Beijing China Key Laboratory of earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Institute of Engineering Mechanics China Earthquake Administration Harbin China Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University Uji Kyoto Japan

A wide open bottom story of a frame building is often expected by owners for use as a garage or shops. However, this leads to weak stories due to abrupt changes in lateral stiffness and often results in unexpected story collapse as observed in many previous earthquakes. To retrofit frame buildings that have experienced weak story damage, a tendon system is proposed in this study, which consists of a set of swaying columns and tendons. The swaying columns are used to uniformly redistribute the lateral deformation along the height, while the tendons provide extra lateral stiffness and renders the entire structural system a re-centering capability. To avoid unnecessary forces to swaying columns, pin-connections are used at the bottom. Tendons are placed over the entire story to gain large elastic displacements. Parametric analysis reveals that the swaying column, with a stiffness of about 0.9 times that of the weak story, and the tendons attached at the roof, with a stiffness of 0.04 times that of the weak story, can provide the optimal performance with a maximum residual story drift angle of less than 0.5%. Online hybrid tests were carried out, which demonstrated that uniformly distributed story drifts and acceptable residual deformation could be achieved by the proposed tendon system.

关键词： tendon system re-centering capability residual deformation rehabilitation collapse prevention

The forecasting efficiency under different selected regions by Pattern Informatics Method and seismic potential estimation in the North-South Seismic Zone

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earthquake Science 2024年第4期37卷 368-382页

作者： Weixi Tian Yongxian Zhang Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Institute of earthquake Forecasting China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100036China

In 2022,four earthquakes with M_(S)≥6.0 including the Menyuan M_(S)6.9 and Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquakes occurred in the North-South Seismic Zone(NSSZ),which demonstrated high and strong *** Informatics(PI)method,as an effective long and medium term earthquake forecasting method,has been applied to the strong earthquake forecasting in Chinese mainland and results have shown the positive *** earthquake catalog with magnitude above M_(S)3.0 since 1970 provided by china earthquake networks center was employed in this study and the Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)method was applied to test the forecasting efficiency of the PI method in each selected region related to the North-South Seismic Zone *** on this,we selected the area with the best ROC testing result and analyzed the evolution process of the PI hotspot map reflecting the small seismic activity pattern prior to the Menyuan M_(S)6.9 and Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquakes.A“forward”forecast for the area was carried out to assess seismic *** study shows the following.1)PI forecasting has higher forecasting efficiency in the selected study region where the difference of seismicity in any place of the region is smaller.2)In areas with smaller differences of seismicity,the activity pattern of small earthquakes prior to the Menyuan M_(S)6.9 and Luding M_(S)6.8 earthquakes can be obtained by analyzing the spatio-temporal evolution process of the PI hotspot map.3)The hotspot evolution in and around the southern Tazang fault in the study area is similar to that prior to the strong earthquakes,which suggests the possible seismic hazard in the *** study could provide some ideas to the seismic hazard assessment in other regions with high seismicity,such as Japan,Californi,Turkey,and Indonesia.

关键词： Luding M_(S)6.8 and Menyuan M_(S)6.9 earthquake Pattern Informatics Method North-South Seismic Zone earthquake forecasting seismic activity pattern.

Rapid report of source parameters of 2023 M6.2 Jishishan,Gansu earthquake sequence

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 436-443页

作者： ZhiGao Yang Jie Liu YingYing Zhang Wen Yang XueMei Zhang china earthquake networks center Beijing 100045China

The M6.2 earthquake in Jishishan,Gansu Province,on December 18,2023,caused extraordinary earthquake *** was located in the northern part of the north−south seismic zone,which is a key area for earthquake monitoring in *** newly built dense strong motion stations in this area provide unprecedented conditions for high-precision earthquake relocation,especially the earthquake focal *** paper uses the newly built strong motion and traditional broadband seismic networks to relocate the source locations of the M3.0 and above aftershocks and to invert their focal *** horizontal error of earthquake location is estimated to be 0.5−1 km,and the vertical error is 1−2 *** focal depth range of aftershocks is 9.6−14.6 km,distributed in a 12-km-long strip with SSE *** in the south are more concentrated horizontally and vertically,while aftershocks in the north are more *** focal mechanisms of the main shock and aftershocks are relatively consistent,and the P-axis orientation is consistent with the regional strain *** is a seismic blank area of M3.0 and above,about 3−5 km between the main shock and *** is suggested that the energy released by the main shock rupture is concentrated in this *** on the earthquake location and focal mechanism of the main shock,it is inferred that the Northern Lajishan fault zone is the seismogenic structure of the main shock,and the main shock did not occur on the main fault,but on a secondary *** initial rupture depth and centroid depth of the main shock were 12.8 and 14.0 km,*** source rupture depth may not be the main reason for the severe earthquake disaster.

关键词： Jishishan earthquake earthquake relocation focal mechanism strong motion data

Numerical Simulation of the Seismic Response of a Horizontal Storage Tank Based on a SPH-FEM Coupling Method

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1655-1678页

作者： Peilei Yan Endong Guo HouliWu Liangchao Zhang Key Laboratory of earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Institute of Engineering MechanicsChina Earthquake AdministrationHarbin150080China Key Laboratory of earthquake Disaster Mitigation Ministry of Emergency ManagementHarbin150080China

A coupled numerical calculation method combining smooth particle hydrodynamics(SPH)and the finite element method(FEM)was implemented to investigate the seismic response of horizontal storage *** of a horizontal storage tank featuring a free liquid surface under seismic action was constructed using the SPH–FEM coupling *** stored liquid was discretized using SPH particles,while the tank and supports were discretized using the *** interaction between the stored liquid and the tank was simulated by using the meshless particle contact ***,the numerical simulation results were compared and analyzed against seismic simulation shaking table test data to validate the ***,a series of numerical models,considering different liquid storage volumes and seismic effects,were constructed to obtain time history data of base shear and top center displacement,which revealed the seismic performance of horizontal storage *** simulation results and experimental data showed good agreement,with an error rate of less than 18.85%.And this conformity signifies the rationality of the SPH-FEM coupling *** base shear and top center displacement values obtained by the coupled SPH-FEM method were only 53.3% to 69.1% of those calculated by the equivalent mass method employed in the current *** the stored liquid volume increased,the seismic response of the horizontal storage tank exhibited a gradual upward trend,with the seismic response increasing from 73% to 388% for every 35% increase in stored liquid *** maximum von Mises stress of the tank and the supports remained below the steel yield strength during the *** coupled SPH-FEM method holds certain advantages in studying the seismic problems of tanks with complex structural forms,particularly due to the representation of the flow field distribution during earthquakes by involving reservoir fluid participation.

关键词： SPH-FEM coupling method horizontal storage tank seismic response sloshing

High-probability ground motion simulation in Maduo County for the Maduo M7.4 earthquake in 2021: A possible supershear earthquake

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Zongchao Li Zhiwei Ji Jize Sun Hiroe Miyake Yanna Zhao Hongjun Si Mengtan Gao Yi Ding Institute of Geophysics， china earthquake administration Institute of earthquake Forecasting， china earthquake administration Shenzhen Academy of Disaster Prevention and Reduction earthquake Research Institute， The University of Tokyo Geophysical Exploration center， china earthquake administration Beijing University of Technology

On May 22， 2021， an Ms7.4 earthquake occurred in Maduo County， Qinghai Province， on the western plateau of china. The level of seismic monitoring in this area was inadequate， and incomplete seismic waveforms were obtained from a few broadband seismometers located within 300 km of the epicentre. All waveforms showed "truncation" phenomena. The waveforms of earthquakes can guide ground motion inputs in near-fault areas. This paper uses the empirical Green's function method to consider the uncertainties in source parameters and source rupture processes by synthesizing high-probability， accurate waveforms in Maduo County （MAD station） near the epicentre. The acceleration waveform at the DAW strong-motion station， located 176 km from the epicentre， is first synthesized with the observed waveform of the mainshock. This critical step not only provides a more accurate source and rupture model of the Maduo earthquake but also establishes an essential reference standard. Secondly， the inferred models are rigorously applied to synthesize the acceleration waveform of the MAD station， ensuring that the results maintain a high accuracy and probability. The findings suggest that （1） the simulated acceleration waveform for the MAD station can better characterize the actual ground motion characteristics of the Ms7.4 earthquake in Maduo County， with high accuracy and probability in peak ground acceleration （Abbreviated as PGA） ranges of 140–240 cm/s2and 350–390 cm/s2， respectively， and （2） the Ms7.4 earthquake did not undergo a complete supershear rupture process. The first asperity located on the east side of the epicentre is most likely to undergo supershear rupture. However， the Maduo earthquake may have been a complete subshear rupture. （3） The fault dislocation model of the three-asperity model better matches the actual source rupture process of the Maduo earthquake. This method can provide relatively accurate acceleration waveforms for regions with limited earthquake monitoring

关键词：

CREDIT-X1local:A reference dataset for machine learning seismology from chinarray in Southwest china

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earthquake Science 2024年第2期37卷 139-157页

作者： Lu Li Weitao Wang Ziye Yu Yini Chen Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of earthquake Source Physics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China Zhejiang earthquake Agency HangzhouZhejiang 310013China

High-quality datasets are critical for the development of advanced machine-learning algorithms in ***,we present an earthquake dataset based on the chinarray Phase I records(X1).chinarray Phase I was deployed in the southern north-south seismic zone(20°N-32°N,95°E-110°E)in 2011-2013 using 355 portable broadband seismic ***-X1local,the first release of the chinarray Reference earthquake Dataset for Innovative Techniques(CREDIT),includes comprehensive information for the 105,455 local events that occurred in the southern north-south seismic zone during array observation,incorporating them into a single HDF5 *** 100-Hz sampled three-component waveforms are organized by event for stations within epicenter distances of 1,000 km,and records of≥200 s are included for each *** types of phase labels are *** first includes manually picked labels for 5,999 events with magnitudes≥2.0,providing 66,507 Pg,42,310 Sg,12,823 Pn,and 546 Sn *** second contains automatically labeled phases for 105,442 events with magnitudes of−1.6 to *** phases were picked using a recurrent neural network phase picker and screened using the corresponding travel time curves,resulting in 1,179,808 Pg,884,281 Sg,176,089 Pn,and 22,986 Sn ***,first-motion polarities are included for 31,273 Pg *** event and station locations are provided,so that deep learning networks for both conventional phase picking and phase association can be trained and *** CREDIT-X1local dataset is the first million-scale dataset constructed from a dense seismic array,which is designed to support various multi-station deep-learning methods,high-precision focal mechanism inversion,and seismic tomography ***,owing to the high seismicity in the southern north-south seismic zone in china,this dataset has great potential for future scientific discoveries.

关键词： earthquake dataset machine learning Pg/Sg/Pn/Sn phase picking P-wave first-motion polarity

Kinematic deformation and intensity assessment of the 2021 Maduo M_(S)7.4 earthquake in Qinghai revealed by high-frequency GNSS

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 230-240页

作者： Yu Li Yuebing Wang Lijiang Zhao Hongbo Shi Pingping Wang Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100081China china earthquake networks center China Earthquake AdministrationBeijing 100045China Qinghai Institute of Geological Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Qinghai 810001China Beijing Sixents Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100094China

Rapid acquisition of the kinematic deformation field and seismic intensity distribution of large earthquakes is crucial for postseismic emergency rescue,disaster assessment,and future seismic risk *** advancement of GNSS observation and data processing makes it play an important role in this field,especially the high-frequency *** used the differential positioning method to calculate the 1 HZ GNSS data from 98 sites within 1000 km of the M_(S)7.4 Maduo earthquake *** kinematic deformation field and the distribution of the seismic intensity by using the peak ground velocity derived from displacement waveforms were *** results show that:1)Horizontal coseismic response deformation levels ranging from 25 mm to 301 mm can be observed within a 1000 km radius from the *** response deformation on the east and west sides shows bilateral asymmetry,which markedly differs from the symmetry presented by surface rupture.2)The seismic intensity obtained through high-frequency GNSS and field investigations exhibits good consistency of the scope and orientation in the high seismic intensity area,although the former is generally slightly smaller than the latter.3)There may exist obstacles on the eastern side of the seismogenic *** Maduo earthquake induced a certain tectonic stress loading effect on the western Kunlun Pass-Jiangcuo fault(KPJF)and Maqin-Maqu segment,resulting in higher seismic risk in the future.

关键词： Maduo earthquake High-frequency GNSS Kinematic deformation Seismic intensity

A Quantitative Seismic Topographic Effect Prediction Method Based upon BP Neural network Algorithm and FEM Simulation

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1355-1366页

作者： Qifeng Jiang Mianshui Rong Wei Wei Tingting Chen Shandong Seismic Hazard Prevention center Shandong Earthquake AgencyJinan250014China Shandong Institute of earthquake Engineering Jinan250021China Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of china Ministry of Education Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China Publicity and Education center Shandong Earthquake AgencyJinan250014China Shandong earthquake Station Shandong Earthquake AgencyJinan250014China

Topography can strongly affect ground motion,and studies of the quantification of hill surfaces’topographic effect are relatively *** this paper,a new quantitative seismic topographic effect prediction method based upon the BP neural network algorithm and three-dimensional finite element method(FEM)was *** FEM simulation results were compared with seismic records and the results show that the PGA and response spectra have a tendency to increase with increasing elevation,but the correlation between PGA amplification factors and slope is not obvious for low *** BP neural network models were established for the prediction of amplification factors of PGA and response *** kinds of input variables’combinations which are convenient to achieve are proposed in this paper for the prediction of amplification factors of PGA and response spectra,*** absolute values of prediction errors can be mostly within 0.1 for PGA amplification factors,and they can be mostly within 0.2 for response spectra’s amplification *** input variables’combination can achieve better prediction performance while the other one has better expandability of the predictive ***,the BP models only employ one hidden layer with about a hundred nodes,which makes it efficient for training.

关键词： seismic topographic effect finite element method BP neural network algorithm earthquake disaster prevention