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Mineral compositions in breast milk of healthy Chinese lactating women in urban areas and its associated factors

Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第14期127卷 2643-2648页

作者： Zhao Ai Ning Yibing Zhang Yumei Yang Xiaoguang Wang Junkuan Li Wenjun Wang Peiyu Peking Univ Dept Nutr & Food Hyg Sch Publ Hlth Hlth Sci Ctr Beijing 100191 Peoples R China nestle Res Ctr Beijing 100095 Peoples R China Chinese Ctr Dis Control Prevent Natl Inst Nutr & Food Safety Beijing 100050 Peoples R China nestle nutr inst Beijing 100102 Peoples R China

Background Optimal mineral intakes are important for infant growth and development. However, data on mineral compositions of breast milk in Chinese women are scarce, and most were acquired before 1990. The objectives of this study were three-fold：（1） to investigate the mineral compositions of Chinese healthy mothers＇ breast milk in different lactation stages; （2） to explore correlations among mineral concentrations in breast milk; and （3） to explore the associated factors affecting mineral compositions in breast milk. Methods The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） was used to analyze mineral concentrations in breast-milk of 444 healthy lactating women from three cities in China. A questionnaire was used to survey socio- demographic characteristics and pregnancy history. Food intakes by lactating women were measured using both food frequency questionnaire and one cycle of 24-hour dietary recall. Results Mineral compositions of breast milk varied in different regions. Concentrations of most minerals were higher in the first one or two months of lactation, and then decreased with time, except for magnesium and iron. Inter-mineral correlations existed among several minerals. The calcium-to-phosphorus ratio was above 2：1 in each lactation stage. Women with caesarean section had higher concentration of iodine in the transitional milk （349.9 pg/kg） compared to women with natural delivery （237.5 pg/kg, P〈0.001）. Dietary mineral intakes, supplements, food intake frequencies in the recent 6 months, maternal age and maternal BMI did not show significant correlations with concentrations of milk minerals （all P 〉0.05）. Conclusions Milk minerals decreased with time, and changed most rapidly in the first one or two months of lactation. Caesarean section might affect the iodine level in transitional milk. Chin Med J 2014;127 （14）： 2643-2648

关键词： human breast milk mineral inter-mineral interactions associated factors

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